| msgid "" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Project-Id-Version: Rust By Example\n" |
| "POT-Creation-Date: 2025-01-30T21:37:19-06:00\n" |
| "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-01-30 21:37-06:00\n" |
| "Last-Translator: mrg <miguelraz@gmail.com>\n" |
| "Language-Team: Spanish <es@tp.org.es>\n" |
| "Language: es\n" |
| "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" |
| "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" |
| "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" |
| "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:1 |
| msgid "Summary" |
| msgstr "Resumen" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:3 |
| msgid "Introduction" |
| msgstr "Introducción" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:5 src/hello.md:1 |
| msgid "Hello World" |
| msgstr "Hola Mundo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:6 src/hello/comment.md:1 |
| msgid "Comments" |
| msgstr "Comentarios" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:7 src/hello/print.md:1 |
| msgid "Formatted print" |
| msgstr "Imprimir con formatos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:8 src/hello/print/print_debug.md:1 |
| msgid "Debug" |
| msgstr "Depuración" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:9 src/hello/print/print_display.md:1 |
| msgid "Display" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:10 src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:1 |
| msgid "Testcase: List" |
| msgstr "Ejemplot: Lista" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:11 src/hello/print/fmt.md:1 |
| msgid "Formatting" |
| msgstr "Formateo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:13 src/primitives.md:1 |
| msgid "Primitives" |
| msgstr "Primitivas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:14 src/primitives/literals.md:1 |
| msgid "Literals and operators" |
| msgstr "Operadores y Literales" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:15 src/primitives/tuples.md:1 |
| msgid "Tuples" |
| msgstr "Tuplas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:16 src/primitives/array.md:1 |
| msgid "Arrays and Slices" |
| msgstr "Arreglos y slices" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:18 src/custom_types.md:1 |
| msgid "Custom Types" |
| msgstr "Tipos Personalizados" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:19 src/custom_types/structs.md:1 |
| msgid "Structures" |
| msgstr "Estructuras" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:20 src/custom_types/enum.md:1 |
| msgid "Enums" |
| msgstr "Enums" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:21 src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:1 |
| msgid "use" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:22 src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:1 |
| msgid "C-like" |
| msgstr "Herencias de C" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:23 src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:1 |
| msgid "Testcase: linked-list" |
| msgstr "Ejemplo: lista ligada" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:24 src/custom_types/constants.md:1 |
| msgid "constants" |
| msgstr "constantes" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:26 src/variable_bindings.md:1 |
| msgid "Variable Bindings" |
| msgstr "Enlaces de variables" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:27 src/SUMMARY.md:120 src/SUMMARY.md:123 |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:1 src/scope/move/mut.md:1 |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:1 |
| msgid "Mutability" |
| msgstr "Mutabilidad" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:28 src/variable_bindings/scope.md:1 |
| msgid "Scope and Shadowing" |
| msgstr "Alcance y sombreo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:29 src/variable_bindings/declare.md:1 |
| msgid "Declare first" |
| msgstr "Declara primero" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:30 src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:1 |
| msgid "Freezing" |
| msgstr "Congelar" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:32 src/types.md:1 |
| msgid "Types" |
| msgstr "Tipos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:33 src/types/cast.md:1 |
| msgid "Casting" |
| msgstr "Casteo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:34 src/types/literals.md:1 |
| msgid "Literals" |
| msgstr "Literales" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:35 src/types/inference.md:1 |
| msgid "Inference" |
| msgstr "Inferencia" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:36 src/SUMMARY.md:124 src/types/alias.md:1 |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:1 |
| msgid "Aliasing" |
| msgstr "Aliasing" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:38 src/conversion.md:1 |
| msgid "Conversion" |
| msgstr "Conversión" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:39 src/conversion/from_into.md:1 |
| msgid "`From` and `Into`" |
| msgstr "`From` e `Into`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:40 src/conversion/try_from_try_into.md:1 |
| msgid "`TryFrom` and `TryInto`" |
| msgstr "`TryFrom` y `TryInto`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:41 |
| msgid "To and from `String`s" |
| msgstr "De y hacia `String`s" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:43 src/expression.md:1 |
| msgid "Expressions" |
| msgstr "Expresiones" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:45 src/flow_control.md:1 |
| msgid "Flow of Control" |
| msgstr "Control de Flujo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:46 src/flow_control/if_else.md:1 |
| msgid "if/else" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:47 src/flow_control/loop.md:1 |
| msgid "loop" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:48 src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:1 |
| msgid "Nesting and labels" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:49 src/flow_control/loop/return.md:1 |
| msgid "Returning from loops" |
| msgstr "Retornar desde bucles" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:50 src/flow_control/while.md:1 |
| msgid "while" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:51 src/flow_control/for.md:3 |
| msgid "for and range" |
| msgstr "for y range" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:52 src/flow_control/match.md:1 |
| msgid "match" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:53 src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:1 |
| msgid "Destructuring" |
| msgstr "Destructura" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:54 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:1 |
| msgid "tuples" |
| msgstr "tuplas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:55 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:1 |
| msgid "arrays/slices" |
| msgstr "arreglos/slices" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:56 src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:1 |
| msgid "enums" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:57 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:1 |
| msgid "pointers/ref" |
| msgstr "punteros/ref" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:58 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:1 |
| msgid "structs" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:59 src/flow_control/match/guard.md:1 |
| msgid "Guards" |
| msgstr "Guardias" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:60 src/flow_control/match/binding.md:1 |
| msgid "Binding" |
| msgstr "Enlaces" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:61 src/flow_control/if_let.md:1 |
| msgid "if let" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:62 src/flow_control/let_else.md:1 |
| msgid "let-else" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:63 src/flow_control/while_let.md:1 |
| msgid "while let" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:65 src/SUMMARY.md:103 src/SUMMARY.md:128 src/fn.md:1 |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:1 src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:1 |
| msgid "Functions" |
| msgstr "Funciones" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:66 src/SUMMARY.md:129 src/scope/lifetime/methods.md:1 |
| msgid "Methods" |
| msgstr "Métodos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:67 src/fn/closures.md:1 |
| msgid "Closures" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:68 src/fn/closures/capture.md:1 |
| msgid "Capturing" |
| msgstr "Capturas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:69 src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:1 |
| msgid "As input parameters" |
| msgstr "Como parámetros de entrada" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:70 src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:1 |
| msgid "Type anonymity" |
| msgstr "Anonimidad de tipos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:71 src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:1 |
| msgid "Input functions" |
| msgstr "Funciones de entrada" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:72 src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:1 |
| msgid "As output parameters" |
| msgstr "Como parámetros de salida" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:73 src/fn/closures/closure_examples.md:1 |
| msgid "Examples in `std`" |
| msgstr "Ejemplos de `std`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:74 src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:1 |
| msgid "Iterator::any" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:75 src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:1 |
| msgid "Searching through iterators" |
| msgstr "Buscando con iteradores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:76 src/fn/hof.md:1 |
| msgid "Higher Order Functions" |
| msgstr "Funciones de Mayor Orden" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:77 src/fn/diverging.md:1 |
| msgid "Diverging functions" |
| msgstr "Funciones Divergentes" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:79 src/mod.md:1 |
| msgid "Modules" |
| msgstr "Módulos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:80 src/mod/visibility.md:1 |
| msgid "Visibility" |
| msgstr "Visibilidad" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:81 src/mod/struct_visibility.md:1 |
| msgid "Struct visibility" |
| msgstr "Visibilidad de estructuras" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:82 src/mod/use.md:1 |
| msgid "The `use` declaration" |
| msgstr "La declaración `use`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:83 src/mod/super.md:1 |
| msgid "`super` and `self`" |
| msgstr "`super` y `self`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:84 src/mod/split.md:1 |
| msgid "File hierarchy" |
| msgstr "Jerarquía de archivos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:86 src/SUMMARY.md:98 src/crates.md:1 src/attribute/crate.md:1 |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:30 |
| msgid "Crates" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:87 src/crates/lib.md:1 |
| msgid "Creating a Library" |
| msgstr "Creando una Library" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:88 src/crates/using_lib.md:1 |
| msgid "Using a Library" |
| msgstr "Usando un Library" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:90 src/cargo.md:1 |
| msgid "Cargo" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:91 src/cargo/deps.md:1 |
| msgid "Dependencies" |
| msgstr "Dependencias" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:92 src/cargo/conventions.md:1 |
| msgid "Conventions" |
| msgstr "Convenciones" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:93 |
| msgid "Tests" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:94 src/cargo/build_scripts.md:1 |
| msgid "Build Scripts" |
| msgstr "Scripts de Build" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:96 src/attribute.md:1 |
| msgid "Attributes" |
| msgstr "Atributos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:97 src/attribute/unused.md:1 |
| msgid "`dead_code`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:99 src/attribute/cfg.md:1 |
| msgid "`cfg`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:100 src/attribute/cfg/custom.md:1 |
| msgid "Custom" |
| msgstr "Personalizaciones" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:102 src/generics.md:1 |
| msgid "Generics" |
| msgstr "Genéricos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:104 src/generics/impl.md:1 |
| msgid "Implementation" |
| msgstr "Implementación" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:105 src/SUMMARY.md:131 src/SUMMARY.md:137 |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:1 src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:1 src/trait.md:1 |
| msgid "Traits" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:106 src/SUMMARY.md:132 src/generics/bounds.md:1 |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:1 |
| msgid "Bounds" |
| msgstr "Cotas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:107 src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:1 |
| msgid "Testcase: empty bounds" |
| msgstr "Ejemplo: cotas vacías" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:108 src/generics/multi_bounds.md:1 |
| msgid "Multiple bounds" |
| msgstr "Cotas Múltiples" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:109 src/generics/where.md:1 |
| msgid "Where clauses" |
| msgstr "Cláusulas where" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:110 src/generics/new_types.md:1 |
| msgid "New Type Idiom" |
| msgstr "Modismo New Type" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:111 src/generics/assoc_items.md:1 |
| msgid "Associated items" |
| msgstr "Ítems asociados" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:112 src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:1 |
| msgid "The Problem" |
| msgstr "El Problema" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:113 src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:1 |
| msgid "Associated types" |
| msgstr "Tipos Asociados" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:114 src/generics/phantom.md:1 |
| msgid "Phantom type parameters" |
| msgstr "Parámetros Phantom Type" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:115 src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:1 |
| msgid "Testcase: unit clarification" |
| msgstr "Ejemplo: clarificación de unidades" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:117 src/scope.md:1 |
| msgid "Scoping rules" |
| msgstr "Reglas de alcance" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:118 src/scope/raii.md:1 |
| msgid "RAII" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:119 src/scope/move.md:1 |
| msgid "Ownership and moves" |
| msgstr "Ownership y moves" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:121 src/scope/move/partial_move.md:1 |
| msgid "Partial moves" |
| msgstr "Moves parciales" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:122 src/scope/borrow.md:1 |
| msgid "Borrowing" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:125 src/scope/borrow/ref.md:1 |
| msgid "The ref pattern" |
| msgstr "El patrón de ref" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:126 src/scope/lifetime.md:1 |
| msgid "Lifetimes" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:127 src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:1 |
| msgid "Explicit annotation" |
| msgstr "Anotación explícita" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:130 src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:1 |
| msgid "Structs" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:133 src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:1 |
| msgid "Coercion" |
| msgstr "Coerción" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:134 src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:1 |
| msgid "Static" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:135 src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:1 |
| msgid "Elision" |
| msgstr "Elisión" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:138 src/trait/derive.md:1 |
| msgid "Derive" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:139 src/trait/dyn.md:1 |
| msgid "Returning Traits with `dyn`" |
| msgstr "Retornando Traits con `dyn`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:140 src/trait/ops.md:1 |
| msgid "Operator Overloading" |
| msgstr "Sobrecarga de Operadores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:141 src/trait/drop.md:1 |
| msgid "Drop" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:142 src/trait/iter.md:1 |
| msgid "Iterators" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:143 src/trait/impl_trait.md:1 |
| msgid "`impl Trait`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:144 src/trait/clone.md:1 |
| msgid "Clone" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:145 src/trait/supertraits.md:1 |
| msgid "Supertraits" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:146 src/trait/disambiguating.md:1 |
| msgid "Disambiguating overlapping traits" |
| msgstr "Desambiguando traits empalmados" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:148 |
| msgid "macro_rules!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:149 src/macros/syntax.md:1 |
| msgid "Syntax" |
| msgstr "Sintaxis" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:150 src/macros/designators.md:1 |
| msgid "Designators" |
| msgstr "Designadores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:151 src/macros/overload.md:1 |
| msgid "Overload" |
| msgstr "Sobrecarga" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:152 src/macros/repeat.md:1 |
| msgid "Repeat" |
| msgstr "Repetición" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:153 src/macros/dry.md:1 |
| msgid "DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:154 |
| msgid "DSL (Domain Specific Languages)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:155 |
| msgid "Variadics" |
| msgstr "Variádicas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:157 src/error.md:1 |
| msgid "Error handling" |
| msgstr "Manejo de Errores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:158 src/error/panic.md:1 |
| msgid "`panic`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:159 |
| msgid "`abort` & `unwind`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:160 src/error/option_unwrap.md:1 |
| msgid "`Option` & `unwrap`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:161 src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:1 |
| msgid "Unpacking options with `?`" |
| msgstr "Desempacando Options con `?`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:162 src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:1 |
| msgid "Combinators: `map`" |
| msgstr "Combinadores: `map`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:163 src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:1 |
| msgid "Combinators: `and_then`" |
| msgstr "Combinadores: `and_then`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:164 |
| msgid "Defaults: `or`, `or_else`, `get_or_insert`, `get_or_insert_with`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:165 src/SUMMARY.md:183 src/error/result.md:1 |
| #: src/std/result.md:1 |
| msgid "`Result`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:166 src/error/result/result_map.md:1 |
| msgid "`map` for `Result`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:167 src/error/result/result_alias.md:1 |
| msgid "aliases for `Result`" |
| msgstr "aliases para `Result`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:168 src/error/result/early_returns.md:1 |
| msgid "Early returns" |
| msgstr "Retornos tempranos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:169 src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:1 |
| msgid "Introducing `?`" |
| msgstr "Introduciendo `?`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:170 src/error/multiple_error_types.md:1 |
| msgid "Multiple error types" |
| msgstr "Mùltiples tipos de errores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:171 src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:1 |
| msgid "Pulling `Result`s out of `Option`s" |
| msgstr "Sacando `Result`s de `Option`s" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:172 src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:1 |
| msgid "Defining an error type" |
| msgstr "Defniniendo un tipo de error" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:173 src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:1 |
| msgid "`Box`ing errors" |
| msgstr "`Box`ing de errores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:174 src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:1 |
| msgid "Other uses of `?`" |
| msgstr "Otros usos de `?`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:175 src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:1 |
| msgid "Wrapping errors" |
| msgstr "Envolviendo errores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:176 src/error/iter_result.md:1 |
| msgid "Iterating over `Result`s" |
| msgstr "Iterando sobre `Result`s" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:178 src/std.md:1 |
| msgid "Std library types" |
| msgstr "Tipos de la biblioteca std" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:179 src/std/box.md:1 |
| msgid "Box, stack and heap" |
| msgstr "Box, stack y heap" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:180 src/std/vec.md:1 |
| msgid "Vectors" |
| msgstr "Vectores" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:181 src/std/str.md:1 |
| msgid "Strings" |
| msgstr "Cadenas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:182 src/std/option.md:1 |
| msgid "`Option`" |
| msgstr "`Option`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:184 src/std/result/question_mark.md:1 |
| msgid "`?`" |
| msgstr "`?`" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:185 src/std/panic.md:1 |
| msgid "`panic!`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:186 src/std/hash.md:1 |
| msgid "HashMap" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:187 src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:1 |
| msgid "Alternate/custom key types" |
| msgstr "Tipos de llaves personalizadas/alternas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:188 src/std/hash/hashset.md:1 |
| msgid "HashSet" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:189 src/std/rc.md:1 |
| msgid "`Rc`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:190 |
| msgid "`Arc`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:192 src/std_misc.md:1 |
| msgid "Std misc" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:193 src/std_misc.md:6 src/std_misc/threads.md:1 |
| msgid "Threads" |
| msgstr "Hilos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:194 src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:1 |
| msgid "Testcase: map-reduce" |
| msgstr "Ejemplo: map-reduce" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:195 src/std_misc.md:7 src/std_misc/channels.md:1 |
| msgid "Channels" |
| msgstr "Canales" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:196 src/std_misc/path.md:1 |
| msgid "Path" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:197 src/std_misc.md:8 src/std_misc/file.md:1 |
| msgid "File I/O" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:198 src/std_misc/file/open.md:1 |
| msgid "`open`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:199 src/std_misc/file/create.md:1 |
| msgid "`create`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:200 src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:1 |
| msgid "`read_lines`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:201 src/std_misc/process.md:1 |
| msgid "Child processes" |
| msgstr "Procesos hijos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:202 src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:1 |
| msgid "Pipes" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:203 src/std_misc/process/wait.md:1 |
| msgid "Wait" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:204 src/std_misc/fs.md:1 |
| msgid "Filesystem Operations" |
| msgstr "Operaciones de Sistema Operativo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:205 src/std_misc/arg.md:1 |
| msgid "Program arguments" |
| msgstr "Argumentos del Programa" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:206 src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:1 |
| msgid "Argument parsing" |
| msgstr "Parse de argumentos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:207 src/std_misc/ffi.md:1 |
| msgid "Foreign Function Interface" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:209 src/cargo/test.md:1 src/testing.md:1 |
| msgid "Testing" |
| msgstr "Pruebas" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:210 src/testing/unit_testing.md:1 |
| msgid "Unit testing" |
| msgstr "Pruebas Unitarias" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:211 src/testing/doc_testing.md:1 |
| msgid "Documentation testing" |
| msgstr "Pruebas de Documentación" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:212 src/testing/integration_testing.md:1 |
| msgid "Integration testing" |
| msgstr "Pruebas de integración" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:213 |
| msgid "Dev-dependencies" |
| msgstr "Dependencias de desarrollo" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:215 src/unsafe.md:1 |
| msgid "Unsafe Operations" |
| msgstr "Operaciones Unsafe" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:216 src/unsafe/asm.md:1 |
| msgid "Inline assembly" |
| msgstr "Ensamblador Inline" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:218 src/compatibility.md:1 |
| msgid "Compatibility" |
| msgstr "Compatibilidad " |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:219 src/compatibility/raw_identifiers.md:1 |
| msgid "Raw identifiers" |
| msgstr "Identificadores llanos" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:221 src/meta.md:1 |
| msgid "Meta" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:222 src/meta/doc.md:1 |
| msgid "Documentation" |
| msgstr "Documentación" |
| |
| #: src/SUMMARY.md:223 src/meta/playground.md:1 |
| msgid "Playground" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/index.md:1 |
| msgid "Rust by Example" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/index.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/) is a modern systems programming language " |
| "focusing on safety, speed, and concurrency. It accomplishes these goals by " |
| "being memory safe without using garbage collection." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Rust] (https://www.rust-lang.org/) es un lenguaje de programación de " |
| "sistemas modernosconcentrado en la seguridad, la velocidad y la " |
| "concurrencia. Logra estos objetivos altener seguridad de memoria sin usar la " |
| "recolección de basura." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust by Example (RBE) is a collection of runnable examples that illustrate " |
| "various Rust concepts and standard libraries. To get even more out of these " |
| "examples, don't forget to [install Rust locally](https://www.rust-lang.org/" |
| "tools/install) and check out the [official docs](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/). Additionally for the curious, you can also [check out the source code " |
| "for this site](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-by-example)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Rust By Example (RBE) es una colección de ejemplos ejecutables que " |
| "ilustranvarios conceptos de Rust y sus biblioteca estándar. Para obtener aún " |
| "más de estosejemplos, no olvide [instalar Rust localmente] (https://www.rust-" |
| "lang.org/tools/install) y consulte los [documentos oficiales](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/std/). Además, para la gente curiosa, también puede [ver el " |
| "código fuentepara este sitio](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-by-example)." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:12 |
| msgid "Now let's begin!" |
| msgstr "¡Comencemos!" |
| |
| #: src/index.md:14 |
| msgid "[Hello World](hello.md) - Start with a traditional Hello World program." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Hola Mundo](hello.md) - Empieza con el programa tradicional Hola Mundo." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Primitives](primitives.md) - Learn about signed integers, unsigned integers " |
| "and other primitives." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Primitivas](primitives.md) - Aprende sobre enteros con signo, enteros sin " |
| "signo y otras primitivas." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:18 |
| msgid "[Custom Types](custom_types.md) - `struct` and `enum`." |
| msgstr "[Tipos Personalizados](custom_types.md) - `struct` y `enum`." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Variable Bindings](variable_bindings.md) - mutable bindings, scope, " |
| "shadowing." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Enlaces de Variables](variable_bindings.md) - enlaces mutables, alcance, " |
| "sombreo." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:22 |
| msgid "[Types](types.md) - Learn about changing and defining types." |
| msgstr "[Tipos](types.md) - Aprende sobre cómo cambiar y definir tipos." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Conversion](conversion.md) - Convert between different types, such as " |
| "strings, integers, and floats." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Conversión](conversion.md) - Convertir entre diferentes tipos, como " |
| "cadenas, enteros y flotantes." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Expressions](expression.md) - Learn about Expressions & how to use them." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Expresiones](expression.md) - Aprenda sobre expresiones y cómo usarlas." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:28 |
| msgid "[Flow of Control](flow_control.md) - `if`/`else`, `for`, and others." |
| msgstr "[Control de Flujo](flow_control.md) - `if`/`else`, `for`, y otros." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Functions](fn.md) - Learn about Methods, Closures and Higher Order " |
| "Functions." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Funciones](fn.md) - Aprender sobre métodos, closures y Funciones de Orden " |
| "Superior." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:32 |
| msgid "[Modules](mod.md) - Organize code using modules" |
| msgstr "[Módulos](mod.md) - Organizar código usando módulos" |
| |
| #: src/index.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Crates](crates.md) - A crate is a compilation unit in Rust. Learn to create " |
| "a library." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Crates](crates.md) - Una caja es una unidad de compilación en Rust. Aprende " |
| "a crear una biblioteca." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Cargo](cargo.md) - Go through some basic features of the official Rust " |
| "package management tool." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Cargo](cargo.md) - Realice algunas características básicas de la " |
| "herramienta de Rust oficial gestión de paquetes." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Attributes](attribute.md) - An attribute is metadata applied to some " |
| "module, crate or item." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Atributos](attribute.md) - Un atributo son metadatos aplicados a algún " |
| "módulo, crate o ítem." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Generics](generics.md) - Learn about writing a function or data type which " |
| "can work for multiple types of arguments." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Genéricos](generics.md) - Aprenda a escribir una función o tipo de datos " |
| "que puede funcionar para múltiples tipos de argumentos." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Scoping rules](scope.md) - Scopes play an important part in ownership, " |
| "borrowing, and lifetimes." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Reglas de alcance](scope.md) - Los alcances juegan un papel importante del " |
| "ownership, borrowing y lifetimes." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Traits](trait.md) - A trait is a collection of methods defined for an " |
| "unknown type: `Self`" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Traits](trait.md) - Un trait es una colección de métodos definidos para un " |
| "tipo desconocido: 'Self'" |
| |
| #: src/index.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Macros](macros.md) - Macros are a way of writing code that writes other " |
| "code, which is known as metaprogramming." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Macros](macros.md) - Las macros son una forma de escribir código que " |
| "escribe a otroscódigos, lo cual se conoce como metaprogramación." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:48 |
| msgid "[Error handling](error.md) - Learn Rust way of handling failures." |
| msgstr "[Manejo de Errores](error.md) - Aprende a manejar errores con Rust." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Std library types](std.md) - Learn about some custom types provided by " |
| "`std` library." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Tipos de la librería std](std.md) - Aprenda sobre algunos tipos de la " |
| "librería`std`." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:52 |
| msgid "[Std misc](std_misc.md) - More custom types for file handling, threads." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Std misc](std_misc.md) - Más tipos personalizados para el manejo de " |
| "archivos, hilos." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:54 |
| #, fuzzy |
| msgid "[Testing](testing.md) - All sorts of testing in Rust." |
| msgstr "[Pruebas](testing.md) - Todo tipo de pruebas en Rust." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Unsafe Operations](unsafe.md) - Learn about entering a block of unsafe " |
| "operations." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Operaciones Unsafe](unsafe.md) - Aprenda sobre el uso de bloques de " |
| "operaciones unsafe." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Compatibility](compatibility.md) - Handling Rust's evolution and potential " |
| "compatibility issues." |
| msgstr "" |
| "[Compatibilidad](compatibility.md) - Manejo de la evolución de Rust y " |
| "potenciales problemas de compatibilidad." |
| |
| #: src/index.md:60 |
| msgid "[Meta](meta.md) - Documentation, Benchmarking." |
| msgstr "[Meta](meta.md) - Documentación, Benchmarking." |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:3 |
| msgid "This is the source code of the traditional Hello World program." |
| msgstr "Este es el código fuente del programa tradicional Hello World." |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is a comment, and is ignored by the compiler.\n" |
| "// You can test this code by clicking the \"Run\" button over there ->\n" |
| "// or if you prefer to use your keyboard, you can use the \"Ctrl + Enter\"\n" |
| "// shortcut.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Este es un comentario, y es ignorado por el compilador.\n" |
| "// Puede probar este código haciendo clic en el botón \"Run\" allí -> \n" |
| "// o si prefiere usar su teclado, puede usar el atajo \"Ctrl + Enter\".\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This code is editable, feel free to hack it!\n" |
| "// You can always return to the original code by clicking the \"Reset\" " |
| "button ->\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Este código es editable, ¡siéntete libre de hackearlo!\n" |
| "// Siempre puede volver al código original haciendo clic en \"Reset\" botón -" |
| "> \n" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:13 |
| msgid "// This is the main function.\n" |
| msgstr "// Esta es la función main" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:16 |
| msgid "// Statements here are executed when the compiled binary is called.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Las oraciones aquí se ejecutan cuando el binario compilado es llamado.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:18 |
| msgid "// Print text to the console.\n" |
| msgstr "// Imprime el texto a la consola.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:19 src/error/result.md:55 src/meta/playground.md:12 |
| msgid "\"Hello World!\"" |
| msgstr "\"Hello World!\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:23 |
| msgid "`println!` is a [_macro_](macros.md) that prints text to the console." |
| msgstr "`println!` es un [_macro_](macros.md) que imprime text a la consola." |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:26 |
| msgid "A binary can be generated using the Rust compiler: `rustc`." |
| msgstr "Un binario se puede generar usand el compilador de Rust: `rustc`." |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:32 |
| msgid "`rustc` will produce a `hello` binary that can be executed." |
| msgstr "`rustc` producirá un binario `hello` que puede ser ejecutado." |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:39 src/hello/print/print_display.md:107 |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:53 src/hello/print/fmt.md:70 |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:64 src/custom_types/structs.md:89 |
| msgid "Activity" |
| msgstr "Actividad" |
| |
| #: src/hello.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "Click 'Run' above to see the expected output. Next, add a new line with a " |
| "second `println!` macro so that the output shows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Haga clic en 'Run' arriba para ver la salida esperada. A continuación, " |
| "agregue una nueva línea con unsegundo `println!` macro para que la salida " |
| "muestre:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Any program requires comments, and Rust supports a few different varieties:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Cualquier programa requiere comentarios, y Rust admite algunas variedades " |
| "diferentes:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:6 |
| msgid "_Regular comments_ which are ignored by the compiler:" |
| msgstr "_Comentarios regulares_ que el compilador ignora:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:7 |
| msgid "`// Line comments which go to the end of the line.`" |
| msgstr "`// Comentarios de línea que van al final de la línea.`" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:8 |
| msgid "`/* Block comments which go to the closing delimiter. */`" |
| msgstr "`/* Comentarios de bloque que van al delimitador de cierre. */`" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "_Doc comments_ which are parsed into HTML library [documentation](../meta/" |
| "doc.md):" |
| msgstr "" |
| "_Comentarios de Doc_ que se parsean en la librería HTML [documentation](../ " |
| "meta/doc.md):" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:10 |
| msgid "`/// Generate library docs for the following item.`" |
| msgstr "`/// Genera docs de librería para el siguiente elemento.`" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:11 |
| msgid "`//! Generate library docs for the enclosing item.`" |
| msgstr "`//! Genera docs de librería para el artículo adjunto.`" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is an example of a line comment.\n" |
| " // There are two slashes at the beginning of the line.\n" |
| " // And nothing written after these will be read by the compiler.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Este es un ejemplo de un comentario de línea.\n" |
| " // Hay dos slashes al comienzo de la línea.\n" |
| " // y nada escrito después de estos será leído por el compilador.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:19 |
| msgid "// println!(\"Hello, world!\");\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:21 |
| msgid "// Run it. See? Now try deleting the two slashes, and run it again.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Ejecútalo. ¿Ves? Ahora intenta eliminar las dos barras y ejecútalo " |
| "nuevamente.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "/*\n" |
| " * This is another type of comment, a block comment. In general,\n" |
| " * line comments are the recommended comment style. But block comments\n" |
| " * are extremely useful for temporarily disabling chunks of code.\n" |
| " * /* Block comments can be /* nested, */ */ so it takes only a few\n" |
| " * keystrokes to comment out everything in this main() function.\n" |
| " * /*/*/* Try it yourself! */*/*/\n" |
| " */" |
| msgstr "" |
| "/*\n" |
| "orte * Este es otro tipo de comentario, un comentario en bloque. En " |
| "general,\n" |
| " * los comentarios de línea son el estilo de comentarios recomendado. " |
| "Pero los comentarios de bloque\n" |
| " * son extremadamente útiles para deshabilitar temporalmente los " |
| "segmentos de código.\n" |
| " * /* Los comentarios de bloque pueden ser /* anidados, */ */ por lo que " |
| "solo se necesitan unos pocos\n" |
| " * teclazos para comentar todo en esta función main().\n" |
| " * /*/*/*¡Pruébalo! */*/*/\n" |
| " */" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "/*\n" |
| " Note: The previous column of `*` was entirely for style. There's\n" |
| " no actual need for it.\n" |
| " */" |
| msgstr "" |
| "/*\n" |
| " Nota: la columna anterior a `*` es completamente por estilo. No hay\n" |
| " hay necesidad real para ello. \n" |
| " */" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// You can manipulate expressions more easily with block comments\n" |
| " // than with line comments. Try deleting the comment delimiters\n" |
| " // to change the result:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Puede manipular expresiones más fácilmente con comentarios de bloque \n" |
| " // que con comentarios de línea. Intente eliminar los delimitadores de " |
| "comentarios\n" |
| " // para cambiar el resultado:\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:40 |
| msgid "/* 90 + */" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:41 |
| msgid "\"Is `x` 10 or 100? x = {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"¿Es `x` 10 ó 100? x = {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:45 src/hello/print.md:103 |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:75 src/hello/print/print_display.md:118 |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:62 src/hello/print/fmt.md:89 |
| #: src/primitives.md:64 src/custom_types/enum.md:100 |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:45 src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:33 |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:77 |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:35 src/types/alias.md:30 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:121 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:25 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:46 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:48 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:63 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:45 |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:43 src/flow_control/match/binding.md:49 |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:118 src/flow_control/let_else.md:55 |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:56 src/fn/closures/capture.md:110 |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:84 src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:47 |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:32 |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:49 |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:50 |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:68 |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:53 src/attribute/cfg.md:39 src/generics.md:59 |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:54 src/generics/impl.md:48 |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:39 src/generics/bounds.md:73 |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:37 src/generics/multi_bounds.md:32 |
| #: src/generics/where.md:49 src/generics/new_types.md:54 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items.md:10 src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:62 |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:56 src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:75 |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:92 src/scope/move/partial_move.md:57 |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:56 src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:68 |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:58 src/scope/lifetime/methods.md:24 |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:41 src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:28 |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:46 |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:133 src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:39 |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:65 src/trait/supertraits.md:40 |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:60 src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:79 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:73 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:115 src/error/result/result_alias.md:41 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:57 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:74 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:91 src/std.md:12 |
| #: src/std/rc.md:55 src/std_misc.md:12 |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:129 src/std_misc/path.md:54 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:150 src/meta/doc.md:109 src/meta/playground.md:49 |
| msgid "See also:" |
| msgstr "Ver también" |
| |
| #: src/hello/comment.md:47 |
| msgid "[Library documentation](../meta/doc.md)" |
| msgstr "[Documentación de Librerías](../meta/doc.md)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Printing is handled by a series of [`macros`](../macros.md) defined in " |
| "[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/) some of which are:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "La impresión se maneja por una serie de [`macros`](../macros.md) definida " |
| "en[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/) algunos de los cuales " |
| "son: " |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:6 |
| msgid "`format!`: write formatted text to [`String`](../std/str.md)" |
| msgstr "`format!`: escribe el texto formateado a un [`String`](../std/str.md)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "`print!`: same as `format!` but the text is printed to the console (io::" |
| "stdout)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "`print!`: igual que `format!` pero el texto se imprime a la consola (io::" |
| "stdout)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:9 |
| msgid "`println!`: same as `print!` but a newline is appended." |
| msgstr "`println!`: es igual que `print!` pero se agrega un salto de línea" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "`eprint!`: same as `print!` but the text is printed to the standard error " |
| "(io::stderr)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "`eprint!`: igual que `print!` pero el texto se imprime al error estándar " |
| "(io::stderr)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:12 |
| msgid "`eprintln!`: same as `eprint!` but a newline is appended." |
| msgstr "`eprintln!`: es igual que `eprint!` pero se agrega un salto de línea" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:14 |
| #, fuzzy |
| msgid "" |
| "All parse text in the same fashion. As a plus, Rust checks formatting " |
| "correctness at compile time." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Parsea todo el texta de la misma manera. Como beneficio, Rust verifica el " |
| "formato // de los argumentos. Serán convertidos en cadenas.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:19 |
| #, fuzzy |
| msgid "" |
| "// In general, the `{}` will be automatically replaced with any\n" |
| " // arguments. These will be stringified.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Parsea todo el texta de la misma manera. Como beneficio, Rust verifica el " |
| "formato // de los argumentos. Serán convertidos en cadenas.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:21 |
| msgid "\"{} days\"" |
| msgstr "\"{} días\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Positional arguments can be used. Specifying an integer inside `{}`\n" |
| " // determines which additional argument will be replaced. Arguments " |
| "start\n" |
| " // at 0 immediately after the format string.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Se pueden usar argumentos posicionales. Especificar un entero dentro de " |
| "`{}`\n" |
| " // determina qué argumento adicional será reemplazado. Los " |
| "argumentoscomienzan \n" |
| " // en 0 inmediatamente después de la cadena de formato.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:26 |
| msgid "\"{0}, this is {1}. {1}, this is {0}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{0}, esto es {1}. {1}, este es {0}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:26 src/scope/move/partial_move.md:31 |
| msgid "\"Alice\"" |
| msgstr "\"Alice\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:26 src/flow_control/for.md:65 src/flow_control/for.md:85 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:104 |
| msgid "\"Bob\"" |
| msgstr "\"Bob\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:28 |
| msgid "// As can named arguments.\n" |
| msgstr "// Como los argumentos nombrados.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:29 |
| msgid "\"{subject} {verb} {object}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{sujeto} {verbo} {objeto}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:30 |
| msgid "\"the lazy dog\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:31 |
| msgid "\"the quick brown fox\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:32 |
| msgid "\"jumps over\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Different formatting can be invoked by specifying the format character\n" |
| " // after a `:`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Se puede invocar diferentes formatos especificando el carácter del " |
| "formato\n" |
| " // después de un `:`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:36 |
| msgid "\"Base 10: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:36 |
| msgid "// 69420\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:37 |
| msgid "\"Base 2 (binary): {:b}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Base 2 (binario): {:b}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:37 |
| msgid "// 10000111100101100\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:38 |
| msgid "\"Base 8 (octal): {:o}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:38 |
| msgid "// 207454\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:39 |
| msgid "\"Base 16 (hexadecimal): {:x}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:39 |
| msgid "// 10f2c\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "// You can right-justify text with a specified width. This will\n" |
| " // output \" 1\". (Four white spaces and a \"1\", for a total width " |
| "of 5.)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Puedes justificar el texto a la derecha con un ancho especificado. Esto " |
| "será\n" |
| "// salida \" 1 \". (Cuatro espacios blancos y un \"1\", para un ancho " |
| "totalde 5.)\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:43 |
| msgid "\"{number:>5}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{numero:>5}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:45 |
| msgid "// You can pad numbers with extra zeroes,\n" |
| msgstr "// Puedes rellenar números con ceros adicionales,\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:46 |
| msgid "\"{number:0>5}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{numero:0>5}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// 00001\n" |
| " // and left-adjust by flipping the sign. This will output \"10000\".\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// 00001\n" |
| " // y justificar a la izquierda volteando el signo. Esto imprimirá " |
| "\"10000\".\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:48 |
| msgid "\"{number:0<5}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{numero:0<5}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:48 |
| msgid "// 10000\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "// You can use named arguments in the format specifier by appending a `$`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Puede usar argumentos con nombre en el formato especificador agregando un " |
| "`$`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:51 |
| msgid "\"{number:0>width$}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{numero:0>ancho$}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Rust even checks to make sure the correct number of arguments are used.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Rust incluso verifica para asegurarse de que se usen el número correcto " |
| "de argumentos.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:54 |
| msgid "\"My name is {0}, {1} {0}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Mi nombre es {0}, {1} {0}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:54 |
| msgid "\"Bond\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:55 |
| msgid "// FIXME ^ Add the missing argument: \"James\"\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Only types that implement fmt::Display can be formatted with `{}`. User-\n" |
| " // defined types do not implement fmt::Display by default.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Sólo los tipos que implementan `fmt::Display` pueden formatearse con `{}" |
| "`.\n" |
| " // Los tipos definidos por usuario no implementan `fmt::Display` de forma " |
| "predeterminada.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:60 |
| msgid "// disable `dead_code` which warn against unused module\n" |
| msgstr "// deshabilita `dead_code` el cual advierte contra módulos no usados\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:63 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This will not compile because `Structure` does not implement\n" |
| " // fmt::Display.\n" |
| " // println!(\"This struct `{}` won't print...\", Structure(3));\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Esto no se compilará porque `Structure` no implementa \n" |
| " // `fmt::Display`.\n" |
| " // println!(\"esta estructura `{}` no va a imprimir... \", " |
| "Structure(3));\n" |
| " // TAREA ^ intente quitar el comentario de esta línea \n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:68 |
| msgid "" |
| "// For Rust 1.58 and above, you can directly capture the argument from a\n" |
| " // surrounding variable. Just like the above, this will output\n" |
| " // \" 1\", 4 white spaces and a \"1\".\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Para Rust 1.58 y superior, puedes capturar directamente el argumento de " |
| "una\n" |
| "// variable en el entorno. Al igual que lo anterior, esto imprimirá \n" |
| "// \" 1\", 4 espacios blancos y a \"1\".\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:73 |
| msgid "\"{number:>width$}\"" |
| msgstr "\"{numero:>ancho$}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:77 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/) contains many [`traits`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#formatting-traits) which govern the " |
| "display of text. The base form of two important ones are listed below:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/) contiene muchos [`traits`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#formatting-traits) que rigen la " |
| "visualización de texto. La forma básica de dos de ellos se enumera a " |
| "continuación:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:80 |
| msgid "" |
| "`fmt::Debug`: Uses the `{:?}` marker. Format text for debugging purposes." |
| msgstr "" |
| "`fmt::Debug`: Usa el marcador `{:?}`. Formatea el texto para fines de " |
| "depuración." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:81 |
| msgid "" |
| "`fmt::Display`: Uses the `{}` marker. Format text in a more elegant, user " |
| "friendly fashion." |
| msgstr "" |
| "`fmt::Display`: Usa el marcador `{}`. Formatea texto de una manera más " |
| "elegante y amistosa." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:84 |
| msgid "" |
| "Here, we used `fmt::Display` because the std library provides " |
| "implementations for these types. To print text for custom types, more steps " |
| "are required." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Aquí, usamos `fmt::Display` porque la librería std proporciona " |
| "implementaciones para estos tipos. Para imprimir tipos personalizados, más " |
| "pasosson necesarios" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:87 |
| msgid "" |
| "Implementing the `fmt::Display` trait automatically implements the " |
| "[`ToString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/trait.ToString.html) trait " |
| "which allows us to [convert](../conversion/string.md) the type to [`String`]" |
| "(../std/str.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Implementar el rasgo `fmt::Display` implementa automáticamente el trait " |
| "[`ToString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/trait.ToString.html) que " |
| "nos permite [convertir](../conversion/string.md) el tipo en [`String`](../" |
| "std/str.md)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:90 |
| msgid "" |
| "In _line 43_, `#[allow(dead_code)]` is an [attribute](../attribute.md) which " |
| "only applies to the module after it." |
| msgstr "" |
| "En la _línea 43_,`#[allow(dead_code)]` es un [atributo](../ attribute.md) " |
| "quesolo se aplica al módulo después de él." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:92 |
| msgid "Activities" |
| msgstr "Actividades" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:94 |
| msgid "" |
| "Fix the issue in the above code (see FIXME) so that it runs without error." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Solucione el problema en el código anterior (ver el ARRÉGLAME) para que se " |
| "ejecute sin error." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:96 |
| msgid "" |
| "Try uncommenting the line that attempts to format the `Structure` struct " |
| "(see TODO)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Intente quitar el comentario de la línea que intenta formatear la estructura " |
| "`Structure`(ver TAREA)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:98 |
| msgid "" |
| "Add a `println!` macro call that prints: `Pi is roughly 3.142` by " |
| "controlling the number of decimal places shown. For the purposes of this " |
| "exercise, use `let pi = 3.141592` as an estimate for pi. (Hint: you may need " |
| "to check the [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/) documentation " |
| "for setting the number of decimals to display)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Agregue un macro `println!` que imprima: ` Pi es aproximadamente 3.142` " |
| "controlando el número de decimales mostrados. Para efectos de esteejercicio, " |
| "use `let Pi = 3.141592` como una estimación para pi. (Sugerencia: " |
| "puedesconsultar la documentación de [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/)para configurar el número de decimales desplegados)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print.md:105 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/), [`macros`](../macros.md), " |
| "[`struct`](../custom_types/structs.md), [`traits`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/#formatting-traits), and [`dead_code`](../attribute/unused.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/), [`macros`](../macros.md), " |
| "[`struct`](../custom_types/structs.md), [`traits`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/#formatting-traits), y [`dead_code`](../attribute/unused.md)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "All types which want to use `std::fmt` formatting `traits` require an " |
| "implementation to be printable. Automatic implementations are only provided " |
| "for types such as in the `std` library. All others _must_ be manually " |
| "implemented somehow." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Todos los tipos que quieren usar los traits de `std::fmt` requieren " |
| "unaimplementación para ser imprimible. Las implementaciones automáticas solo " |
| "se proporcionanpara tipos como en la biblioteca `std`. Todos los demás tipos " |
| "_deben_ ser manualmente implementados de alguna manera." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `fmt::Debug` `trait` makes this very straightforward. _All_ types can " |
| "`derive` (automatically create) the `fmt::Debug` implementation. This is not " |
| "true for `fmt::Display` which must be manually implemented." |
| msgstr "" |
| "El trait `fmt::Debug` hace que esto sea muy sencillo. Todos Los tipos " |
| "pueden`Derive` (crear automáticamente) la implementación `fmt::Debug`. Esto " |
| "no ciertopara `fmt::Display` el cual debe implementarse manualmente." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This structure cannot be printed either with `fmt::Display` or\n" |
| "// with `fmt::Debug`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Esta estructura no se puede imprimir con `fmt::Display` o \n" |
| "// con `fmt::Debug`.\n" |
| " " |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `derive` attribute automatically creates the implementation\n" |
| "// required to make this `struct` printable with `fmt::Debug`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// El atributo `derive` crea automáticamente la implementación \n" |
| " // requerida para hacer esta `struct` imprimible con `fmt::Debug`. \n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:23 |
| msgid "All `std` library types are automatically printable with `{:?}` too:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Todos los tipos de biblioteca `std` se pueden imprimir automáticamente con " |
| "`{:?}` también:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Derive the `fmt::Debug` implementation for `Structure`. `Structure`\n" |
| "// is a structure which contains a single `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Derive la implementación `fmt::Debug` para `Structure`. `Structure`\n" |
| "// es una estructura que contiene un solo `i32`.\n" |
| " " |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Put a `Structure` inside of the structure `Deep`. Make it printable\n" |
| "// also.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Ponga una `Structure` dentro de la estructura `Deep`. Házlo imprimible \n" |
| "// también.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:37 |
| msgid "// Printing with `{:?}` is similar to with `{}`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Imprimir con `{:?}` es similar a imprimir con `{}`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:38 |
| msgid "\"{:?} months in a year.\"" |
| msgstr "\"{:?} meses en un año.\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:39 |
| msgid "\"{1:?} {0:?} is the {actor:?} name.\"" |
| msgstr "\"{1:?} {0:?} es el nombre del {actor:?}.\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:40 |
| msgid "\"Slater\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:41 |
| msgid "\"Christian\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:42 |
| msgid "\"actor's\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:44 |
| msgid "// `Structure` is printable!\n" |
| msgstr "// ¡`Structure` también se puede imprimir!\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:45 src/hello/print/print_debug.md:49 |
| msgid "\"Now {:?} will print!\"" |
| msgstr "\"Ahora {:?} imprimirá \"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:47 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The problem with `derive` is there is no control over how\n" |
| " // the results look. What if I want this to just show a `7`?\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// El problema con 'derive` es que no hay control sobre cómo \n" |
| " // los resultados se ven. ¿Qué pasa si quiero que esto solo muestre un " |
| "`7`?\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "So `fmt::Debug` definitely makes this printable but sacrifices some " |
| "elegance. Rust also provides \"pretty printing\" with `{:#?}`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Entonces `fmt::Debug` definitivamente hace esto imprimible pero sacrifica " |
| "algo deelegancia. Rust también proporciona \"Impresión Bonita\" con `{:#?}`." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:64 src/custom_types/structs.md:42 |
| msgid "\"Peter\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:68 |
| msgid "// Pretty print\n" |
| msgstr "// Impresión bonita" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:69 |
| msgid "\"{:#?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:73 |
| msgid "One can manually implement `fmt::Display` to control the display." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Se puede implementar manualmente `fmt::Display` para controlar la impresión." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_debug.md:77 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`attributes`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/attributes.html), " |
| "[`derive`](../../trait/derive.md), [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/), and [`struct`](../../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`attributes`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/attributes.html), " |
| "[`derive`](../../trait/derive.md), [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/), y [`struct`](../../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "`fmt::Debug` hardly looks compact and clean, so it is often advantageous to " |
| "customize the output appearance. This is done by manually implementing " |
| "[`fmt::Display`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/), which uses the `{}` " |
| "print marker. Implementing it looks like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "`fmt::Debug` escasamente parece compacto y limpio, por lo que a menudo es " |
| "ventajoso personalizar la apariencia de salida. Esto se hace implementando " |
| "manualmente[`fmt::Display`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/), que usa el " |
| "marcador `{}`. Implementarlo se ve así:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:9 |
| msgid "// Import (via `use`) the `fmt` module to make it available.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Importar (a través de `use`) el módulo `fmt` para ponerlo a disposición.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a structure for which `fmt::Display` will be implemented. This is\n" |
| "// a tuple struct named `Structure` that contains an `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Defina una estructura para la cual se implementará `fmt::Display`. Esto " |
| "es\n" |
| " // una estructura de tupla llamada `Estructura` que contiene un `i32`. \n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// To use the `{}` marker, the trait `fmt::Display` must be implemented\n" |
| "// manually for the type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Para usar el marcador `{}`, el trait `fmt::Display` debe implementarse\n" |
| "// manualmente para el tipo. \n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:19 |
| msgid "// This trait requires `fmt` with this exact signature.\n" |
| msgstr "// Este trait requiere de `fmt` con estos tipos exactos.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Write strictly the first element into the supplied output\n" |
| " // stream: `f`. Returns `fmt::Result` which indicates whether the\n" |
| " // operation succeeded or failed. Note that `write!` uses syntax " |
| "which\n" |
| " // is very similar to `println!`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Escribe sólo el primer elemento en la salida suministrada \n" |
| "// stream: `f`. Devuelve `fmt::Result` que indica si\n" |
| "// la operación tuvo éxito o falló. Tenga en cuenta que 'write!` usa una " |
| "sintaxis que \n" |
| "// es muy similar a `println!`. \n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:25 |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:13 |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:39 |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:49 src/hello/print/fmt.md:53 |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:73 src/conversion/string.md:25 |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:26 src/flow_control/while.md:21 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:23 src/flow_control/for.md:43 src/fn.md:40 |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:96 src/fn/closures/capture.md:97 |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:41 src/generics/bounds.md:12 |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:24 src/macros/repeat.md:25 src/macros/repeat.md:26 |
| #: src/error/result.md:73 src/std/str.md:92 src/std/str.md:102 |
| #: src/std/str.md:106 src/std/str.md:111 src/std/result.md:72 |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:57 src/std/result/question_mark.md:65 |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:60 src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:9 |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:13 |
| msgid "\"{}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "`fmt::Display` may be cleaner than `fmt::Debug` but this presents a problem " |
| "for the `std` library. How should ambiguous types be displayed? For example, " |
| "if the `std` library implemented a single style for all `Vec<T>`, what style " |
| "should it be? Would it be either of these two?" |
| msgstr "" |
| "`fmt::Display` puede ser más limpio que `fmt::Debug` pero esto presenta un " |
| "problemapara la biblioteca `std`. ¿Cómo se deben mostrar los tipos ambiguos? " |
| "Por ejemplo, si la biblioteca `std` implementó un sólo estilo para todos los " |
| "`Vec<T>`, ¿qué estilo debería ser? ¿Sería cualquiera de estos dos?" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:35 |
| msgid "`Vec<path>`: `/:/etc:/home/username:/bin` (split on `:`)" |
| msgstr "`Vec<path>`: `/:/etc:/home/usuario:/bin` (split on `:`)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:36 |
| msgid "`Vec<number>`: `1,2,3` (split on `,`)" |
| msgstr "`Vec<numero>`: `1,2,3` (partido en `,`)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "No, because there is no ideal style for all types and the `std` library " |
| "doesn't presume to dictate one. `fmt::Display` is not implemented for " |
| "`Vec<T>` or for any other generic containers. `fmt::Debug` must then be used " |
| "for these generic cases." |
| msgstr "" |
| "No, porque no hay un estilo ideal para todos los tipos y la biblioteca `std` " |
| "no presume dictar uno. `fmt::Display` no se implementa para `Vec<T>` o para " |
| "cualquier otro contenedor genérico. `Fmt::Debug` debe usarse para estos " |
| "casos genéricos." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:43 |
| msgid "" |
| "This is not a problem though because for any new _container_ type which is " |
| "_not_ generic, `fmt::Display` can be implemented." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Sin embargo, esto no es un problema porque para cualquier nuevo tipo " |
| "_contenedor_ que sea_no_ genérico, se puede implementar `fmt::Display`." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:47 |
| msgid "// Import `fmt`\n" |
| msgstr "// Importar `fmt`\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A structure holding two numbers. `Debug` will be derived so the results " |
| "can\n" |
| "// be contrasted with `Display`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Una estructura que contiene dos números. Se derivará `Debug` para que los " |
| "resultadospuedan// ser contrastados con `Display`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:53 |
| msgid "// Implement `Display` for `MinMax`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Implementa `Display` para `MinMax`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:57 |
| msgid "// Use `self.number` to refer to each positional data point.\n" |
| msgstr "// Usa `self.number` para referirte a cada dato posicional.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:58 |
| msgid "\"({}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:61 |
| msgid "// Define a structure where the fields are nameable for comparison.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Define una estructura donde los campos se puedan nombrar para " |
| "compararse.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:68 |
| msgid "// Similarly, implement `Display` for `Point2D`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Similarmente, implementa `Display` para `Point2D`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:72 |
| msgid "// Customize so only `x` and `y` are denoted.\n" |
| msgstr "// Personalízalo para que sólo `x` y `y` sean denotados.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:73 |
| msgid "\"x: {}, y: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:80 |
| msgid "\"Compare structures:\"" |
| msgstr "\"Compara estructuras:\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:81 src/hello/print/print_display.md:94 |
| msgid "\"Display: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:82 src/hello/print/print_display.md:95 |
| msgid "\"Debug: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:87 |
| msgid "\"The big range is {big} and the small is {small}\"" |
| msgstr "\"El rango grande es {big} y el pequeño es {small}\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:93 |
| msgid "\"Compare points:\"" |
| msgstr "\" Compara Puntos:\"" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:97 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error. Both `Debug` and `Display` were implemented, but `{:b}`\n" |
| " // requires `fmt::Binary` to be implemented. This will not work.\n" |
| " // println!(\"What does Point2D look like in binary: {:b}?\", point);\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Error. Ambos `Debug` y `Display` fueron implementados, pero `{:b}`\n" |
| " // requiere implementar `fmt::Binary`. Esto no funcionará.\n" |
| " // println!(\"¿Cómo se ve el Punto2D en binario: {:b}?\", point);\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:103 |
| msgid "" |
| "So, `fmt::Display` has been implemented but `fmt::Binary` has not, and " |
| "therefore cannot be used. `std::fmt` has many such [`traits`](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#formatting-traits) and each requires its own " |
| "implementation. This is detailed further in [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/fmt/)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Entonces, `fmt::Display` se ha implementado pero `fmt::Binary` no, ypor lo " |
| "tanto, no se puede usar. `std::fmt` tiene muchos de estos [`traits`](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#formatting-traits) y cada uno requiere " |
| "suimplementación. Esto se detalla aún más en [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/fmt/)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:109 |
| msgid "" |
| "After checking the output of the above example, use the `Point2D` struct as " |
| "a guide to add a `Complex` struct to the example. When printed in the same " |
| "way, the output should be:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Después de verificar la salida del ejemplo anterior, use la estructura " |
| "`Point2D` como una guía para agregar una estructura `Complex` al ejemplo. " |
| "Cuando se imprime de la misma manera, la salida debería ser:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display.md:120 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`derive`](../../trait/derive.md), [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/), [`macros`](../../macros.md), [`struct`](../../custom_types/" |
| "structs.md), [`trait`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#formatting-" |
| "traits), and [`use`](../../mod/use.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`derive`](../../trait/derive.md), [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/), [`macros`](../../macros.md), [`struct`](../../custom_types/" |
| "structs.md), [`trait`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#formatting-" |
| "traits), y [`use`](../../mod/use.md)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Implementing `fmt::Display` for a structure where the elements must each be " |
| "handled sequentially is tricky. The problem is that each `write!` generates " |
| "a `fmt::Result`. Proper handling of this requires dealing with _all_ the " |
| "results. Rust provides the `?` operator for exactly this purpose." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Implementar `fmt::Display` para una estructura donde los elementos deben ser " |
| "cada uno manejados secuencialmente es complicado. El problema es que cada " |
| "`write!` genera un `fmt::Result`. El manejo adecuado de esto requiere tratar " |
| "con _todos_ losresultados. Rust proporciona el operador `?` para exactamente " |
| "este propósito." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:8 |
| msgid "Using `?` on `write!` looks like this:" |
| msgstr "Usar `?` con `write!` se ve así:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Try `write!` to see if it errors. If it errors, return\n" |
| "// the error. Otherwise continue.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Usa `write!` para ver si falla. Si hay errores, regresa\n" |
| "// el error. En otro caso, continúa.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "With `?` available, implementing `fmt::Display` for a `Vec` is " |
| "straightforward:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Si disponemos de `?`, implementar `fmt::Display` para un `Vec` es directo:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:20 |
| msgid "// Import the `fmt` module.\n" |
| msgstr "// Importar el módulo `fmt`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:21 |
| msgid "// Define a structure named `List` containing a `Vec`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Define una estructura llamada `List` que contiene un `Vec`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Extract the value using tuple indexing,\n" |
| " // and create a reference to `vec`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Extrae el valor usando indexación de tuplas,\n" |
| " // y crea una referencia a `vec`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:31 |
| msgid "\"[\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Iterate over `v` in `vec` while enumerating the iteration\n" |
| " // count in `count`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Itera sobre `v` en un `vec` mientras enumeras la cuenta\n" |
| " // de la iteración en `count`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "// For every element except the first, add a comma.\n" |
| " // Use the ? operator to return on errors.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Para cada element excepto el primero, agrega una coma.\n" |
| " // Usa el operador ? para regresar errroes.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:38 src/std/str.md:36 |
| msgid "\", \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:42 |
| msgid "// Close the opened bracket and return a fmt::Result value.\n" |
| msgstr "// Cierra la llave abierta y regresa un valor de `fmt::Result`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:43 |
| msgid "\"]\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "Try changing the program so that the index of each element in the vector is " |
| "also printed. The new output should look like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Intente cambiar el programa para que el índice de cada elemento en el vector " |
| "seatambién impreso. La nueva salida debería verse así:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/print_display/testcase_list.md:64 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`for`](../../../flow_control/for.md), [`ref`](../../../scope/borrow/ref." |
| "md), [`Result`](../../../std/result.md), [`struct`](../../../custom_types/" |
| "structs.md), [`?`](../../../std/result/question_mark.md), and [`vec!`]" |
| "(../../../std/vec.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`for`](../../../flow_control/for.md), [`ref`](../../../scope/borrow/ref." |
| "md), [`Result`](../../../std/result.md), [`struct`](../../../custom_types/" |
| "structs.md), [`?`](../../../std/result/question_mark.md), y [`vec!`]" |
| "(../../../std/vec.md)" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:3 |
| msgid "We've seen that formatting is specified via a _format string_:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Hemos visto que este formato se especifica via una _cadena de formato_:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:5 |
| msgid "`format!(\"{}\", foo)` -> `\"3735928559\"`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "`format!(\"0x{:X}\", foo)` -> [`\"0xDEADBEEF\"`](https://en.wikipedia.org/" |
| "wiki/Deadbeef#Magic_debug_values)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:7 |
| msgid "`format!(\"0o{:o}\", foo)` -> `\"0o33653337357\"`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "The same variable (`foo`) can be formatted differently depending on which " |
| "_argument type_ is used: `X` vs `o` vs _unspecified_." |
| msgstr "" |
| "La misma variable (`foo`) puede formatearse de manera diferente dependiendo " |
| "de cuál sea _tipo de argumento_ utilizado: `X` vs `o` vs _no especificado_." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "This formatting functionality is implemented via traits, and there is one " |
| "trait for each argument type. The most common formatting trait is `Display`, " |
| "which handles cases where the argument type is left unspecified: `{}` for " |
| "instance." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Esta funcionalidad de formato se implementa a través de traits, y hay trait " |
| "para cada tipo de argumento. El trait de formato más común es la `Display`, " |
| "que maneja casos en los que el tipo de argumento se deja sin especificar: `{}" |
| "`, por ejemplo." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:21 |
| msgid "// Latitude\n" |
| msgstr "// Latitude\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:23 |
| msgid "// Longitude\n" |
| msgstr "// Longitude\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `f` is a buffer, and this method must write the formatted string into " |
| "it.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// `f` es un búfer, y este método se usa para formatear y meterle una " |
| "cadena.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:30 |
| msgid "'N'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:30 |
| msgid "'S'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:31 |
| msgid "'E'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:31 |
| msgid "'W'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `write!` is like `format!`, but it will write the formatted string\n" |
| " // into a buffer (the first argument).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// `write!` es como `format!`, pero escribirá la cadena formateada\n" |
| " // al búfer (el primer argumento).\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:35 |
| msgid "\"{}: {:.3}°{} {:.3}°{}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:49 |
| msgid "\"Dublin\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Oslo\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:51 |
| msgid "\"Vancouver\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:60 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Switch this to use {} once you've added an implementation\n" |
| " // for fmt::Display.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Cambia esto a {} una vez que hayas añadido una implementación\n" |
| " // para fmt::Display.\n" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:62 src/primitives/tuples.md:60 |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:47 src/types/inference.md:23 |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:76 src/generics/bounds.md:49 |
| #: src/generics/where.md:38 src/std/str.md:137 src/std/result.md:59 |
| #: src/std/result.md:61 src/std/result.md:63 src/std/arc.md:26 |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:53 |
| msgid "\"{:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:67 |
| msgid "" |
| "You can view a [full list of formatting traits](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/#formatting-traits) and their argument types in the [`std::fmt`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/) documentation." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Puede ver una [lista completa de traits de formato](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/std/fmt/#formatting-traits) y sus tipos de argumentos en la " |
| "documentación de [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "Add an implementation of the `fmt::Display` trait for the `Color` struct " |
| "above so that the output displays as:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Agrega una implementación del trait `fmt::Display` para la estructura " |
| "`Color`arriba para que la salida se muestre como:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:81 |
| msgid "Three hints if you get stuck:" |
| msgstr "Tres pistas por si te atoras:" |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:83 |
| msgid "" |
| "The formula for calculating a color in the RGB color space is: `RGB = " |
| "(R*65536)+(G*256)+B , (when R is RED, G is GREEN and B is BLUE)`. For more " |
| "see [RGB color format & calculation](https://www.rapidtables.com/web/color/" |
| "RGB_Color.html#rgb-format)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "La fórmula para calcular un color en el espacio de color RGB es: `RGB = " |
| "(R*65536)+(G*256)+B, (cuando R es ROJO, G es VERDE y B es AZUL)`. Para más " |
| "ver [Formato de color RGB y su cálculo](https://www.rapidtables.com/web/color/" |
| "RGB_Color.html#rgb-format)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:86 |
| msgid "" |
| "You [may need to list each color more than once](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/#named-parameters)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Puede que [necesites enumerar cada color más de una vez](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/fmt/#named-parameters)." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:87 |
| msgid "" |
| "You can [pad with zeros to a width of 2](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/" |
| "#width) with `:0>2`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Puedes [acolchonar con ceros a un ancho de 2](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/" |
| "#width) usando `:0>2`." |
| |
| #: src/hello/print/fmt.md:91 |
| msgid "[`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides access to a wide variety of `primitives`. A sample includes:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Rust proporciona acceso a una amplia variedad de `primitivas`. Algunos ejemplos son:" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:5 |
| msgid "Scalar Types" |
| msgstr "Tipos Escalares" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "Signed integers: `i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128` and `isize` (pointer size)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Enteros con signo: `i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128` y `isize` (el tamaño del puntero)" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Unsigned integers: `u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128` and `usize` (pointer " |
| "size)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Enteros sin signo: `u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128` y `usize` (el tamaño del puntero" |
| ")" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:10 |
| msgid "Floating point: `f32`, `f64`" |
| msgstr "Punto flotante: `f32`, `f64`" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:11 |
| msgid "`char` Unicode scalar values like `'a'`, `'α'` and `'∞'` (4 bytes each)" |
| msgstr "`char` Valores de Unicode escalares como `'a'`, `'α'` y `'∞'` (4 bytes cada uno)" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:12 |
| msgid "`bool` either `true` or `false`" |
| msgstr "`bool` puede ser `true` o `falso`" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:13 |
| msgid "The unit type `()`, whose only possible value is an empty tuple: `()`" |
| msgstr "El tipo unitario `()`, cuyo único posible valor es la tupla vacía: `()`" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "Despite the value of a unit type being a tuple, it is not considered a " |
| "compound type because it does not contain multiple values." |
| msgstr "" |
| "A pesar de que el valor de un tipo de unidad es una tupla, no se considera un" |
| "tipo de compuesto porque no contiene múltiples valores." |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:18 |
| msgid "Compound Types" |
| msgstr "Tipos Compuestos" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:20 |
| msgid "Arrays like `[1, 2, 3]`" |
| msgstr "Arreglos como `[1, 2, 3]`" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:21 |
| msgid "Tuples like `(1, true)`" |
| msgstr "Tuplas como `(1, true)`" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "Variables can always be _type annotated_. Numbers may additionally be " |
| "annotated via a _suffix_ or _by default_. Integers default to `i32` and " |
| "floats to `f64`. Note that Rust can also infer types from context." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Las variables siempre pueden llevar _anotación de tipos_. Los números también pueden ser" |
| "anotados a través de un _sufijo_ o _por default_. Los enteros usan como default `i32` y " |
| "los flotantes usan a `f64`. Tenga en cuenta que Rust puede también puede inferir tipos." |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:29 |
| msgid "// Variables can be type annotated.\n" |
| msgstr "// Las variables pueden llevar anotaciónes de tipo.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:32 |
| msgid "// Regular annotation\n" |
| msgstr "// Anotación regular\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:33 |
| msgid "// Suffix annotation\n" |
| msgstr "// Anotación con sufijo\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:35 |
| msgid "// Or a default will be used.\n" |
| msgstr "// O se usará un default.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:36 |
| msgid "// `f64`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:37 |
| msgid "// `i32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:39 |
| msgid "// A type can also be inferred from context.\n" |
| msgstr "// Un tipo también se puede inferir por context.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:40 |
| msgid "// Type i64 is inferred from another line.\n" |
| msgstr "// El tipo i64 se puede inferir de otra línea.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:43 |
| msgid "// A mutable variable's value can be changed.\n" |
| msgstr "// Una mariable mutable puede cambiar.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:44 |
| msgid "// Mutable `i32`\n" |
| msgstr "// `i32` Mutable\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:47 |
| msgid "// Error! The type of a variable can't be changed.\n" |
| msgstr "// Error! El tipo de la variable no se puede cambiar.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:50 |
| msgid "// Variables can be overwritten with shadowing.\n" |
| msgstr "// Las variables se puede sobreescribir con sombreo.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:53 |
| msgid "/* Compound types - Array and Tuple */" |
| msgstr "/* Tipos compuestos - Arreglo y Tupla */" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:55 |
| msgid "// Array signature consists of Type T and length as [T; length].\n" |
| msgstr "// La declaración del tipo de Arreglo consiste del tipo T y la longitud como [T; longitud].\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Tuple is a collection of values of different types \n" |
| " // and is constructed using parentheses ().\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Una tupla es una colección de valores de diferentes tipos\n" |
| " // y se construye usando paréntesis ().\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives.md:66 |
| msgid "" |
| "[the `std` library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/), [`mut`]" |
| "(variable_bindings/mut.md), [`inference`](types/inference.md), and " |
| "[`shadowing`](variable_bindings/scope.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[the `std` library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/), [`mut`]" |
| "(variable_bindings/mut.md), [`inference`](types/inference.md), y " |
| "[`shadowing`](variable_bindings/scope.md)" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Integers `1`, floats `1.2`, characters `'a'`, strings `\"abc\"`, booleans " |
| "`true` and the unit type `()` can be expressed using literals." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Enteros `1`, flotantes `1.2`, caractéres `'a'`, cadenas `\"abc\"`, booleanos " |
| "`true` y el tipo unitario `()` se puede expresar con literales." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Integers can, alternatively, be expressed using hexadecimal, octal or binary " |
| "notation using these prefixes respectively: `0x`, `0o` or `0b`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Los enteros pueden, alternativamente, expresarse utilizando notación hexadecimal, octal o binaria" |
| "usando estos prefijos respectivamente: `0x`, `0o` o` 0b`." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "Underscores can be inserted in numeric literals to improve readability, e.g. " |
| "`1_000` is the same as `1000`, and `0.000_001` is the same as `0.000001`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Se pueden insertar guíones bajos en literales numéricos para mejorar la legibilidad, por ejemplo," |
| "`1_000` es lo mismo que `1000`, y `0.000_001` es lo mismo que `0.000001`." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust also supports scientific [E-notation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Scientific_notation#E_notation), e.g. `1e6`, `7.6e-4`. The associated type " |
| "is `f64`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Rust también admite [notación E científica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Scientific_notation#E_notation), e.g. `1e6`, `7.6e-4`. El tipo asociado es " |
| "`f64`." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "We need to tell the compiler the type of the literals we use. For now, we'll " |
| "use the `u32` suffix to indicate that the literal is an unsigned 32-bit " |
| "integer, and the `i32` suffix to indicate that it's a signed 32-bit integer." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Necesitamos decirle al compilador el tipo de literales que usamos. Por ahora, lo haremos" |
| "usando el sufijo `u32` para indicar que el literal es un entero sin signo de 32 bits " |
| ", y el sufijo `i32` para indicar que es un entero con signo de 32 bits." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "The operators available and their precedence [in Rust](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/reference/expressions.html#expression-precedence) are similar to other " |
| "[C-like languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Operator_precedence#Programming_languages)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Los operadores disponibles y su precedencia [en Rust](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/reference/expressions.html#expression-precedence) es similar a otros " |
| "[lenguajes como C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Operator_precedence#Programming_languages)." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:24 |
| msgid "// Integer addition\n" |
| msgstr "// Suma de enteros" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:25 |
| msgid "\"1 + 2 = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:27 |
| msgid "// Integer subtraction\n" |
| msgstr "// Resta de enteros" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:28 |
| msgid "\"1 - 2 = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// TODO ^ Try changing `1i32` to `1u32` to see why the type is important\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// TAREA ^ Intenta cambiar `1i32` a `1u32` para ver por qué el tipo es importante\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:31 |
| msgid "// Scientific notation\n" |
| msgstr "// Notación científica" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:32 |
| msgid "\"1e4 is {}, -2.5e-3 is {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"1e4 es {}, -2.5e-3 es {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:34 |
| msgid "// Short-circuiting boolean logic\n" |
| msgstr "// Lógica booleana de corto circuito" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:35 |
| msgid "\"true AND false is {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"true Y false es {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:36 |
| msgid "\"true OR false is {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"true O false es {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:37 |
| msgid "\"NOT true is {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"NOT true es {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:39 |
| msgid "// Bitwise operations\n" |
| msgstr "// Operaciones sobre bits" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:40 |
| msgid "\"0011 AND 0101 is {:04b}\"" |
| msgstr "\"0011 AND 0101 es {:04b}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:41 |
| msgid "\"0011 OR 0101 is {:04b}\"" |
| msgstr "\"0011 OR 0101 es {:04b}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:42 |
| msgid "\"0011 XOR 0101 is {:04b}\"" |
| msgstr "\"0011 XOR 0101 es {:04b}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:43 |
| msgid "\"1 << 5 is {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"1 << 5 es {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:44 |
| msgid "\"0x80 >> 2 is 0x{:x}\"" |
| msgstr "\"0x80 >> 2 es 0x{:x}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:46 |
| msgid "// Use underscores to improve readability!\n" |
| msgstr "// ¡Usa guiones bajos para mejorar la legibilidad!\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/literals.md:47 |
| msgid "\"One million is written as {}\"" |
| msgstr "\" Un millón se escribe como {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A tuple is a collection of values of different types. Tuples are constructed " |
| "using parentheses `()`, and each tuple itself is a value with type signature " |
| "`(T1, T2, ...)`, where `T1`, `T2` are the types of its members. Functions " |
| "can use tuples to return multiple values, as tuples can hold any number of " |
| "values." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Una tupla es una colección de valores de diferentes tipos. Se construyen tuplas" |
| "usando paréntesis `()`, y cada tupla en sí es un valor con la anotación de tipo" |
| "`(T1, t2, ...) `, donde `t1`, `t2` son los tipos de sus miembros. Las funciones" |
| "pueden usar tuplas para devolver múltiples valores, ya que las tuplas pueden contener cualquier número de" |
| "valores." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:9 |
| msgid "// Tuples can be used as function arguments and as return values.\n" |
| msgstr "// Las tuplas se pueden como argumentos de funciones y como sus valores de retorno.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:11 |
| msgid "// `let` can be used to bind the members of a tuple to variables.\n" |
| msgstr "// `let` se puede usar para ligar los miembros de la tupla a variables.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:16 |
| msgid "// The following struct is for the activity.\n" |
| msgstr "// La siguiente `struct` es para la actividad.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:22 |
| msgid "// A tuple with a bunch of different types.\n" |
| msgstr "// Una tupla es montón de tipos diferentes.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:26 src/generics.md:50 src/generics.md:55 |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:47 |
| msgid "'a'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:28 |
| msgid "// Values can be extracted from the tuple using tuple indexing.\n" |
| msgstr "// Se pueden extraer valores de la tupla indexando" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:29 |
| msgid "\"Long tuple first value: {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Tupla grande primer valor: {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:30 |
| msgid "\"Long tuple second value: {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Tupla grande segundo valor: {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:32 |
| msgid "// Tuples can be tuple members.\n" |
| msgstr "// Tuplas con tuplas como miembros.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:35 |
| msgid "// Tuples are printable.\n" |
| msgstr "// Las tuples se pueden imprimir.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:36 |
| msgid "\"tuple of tuples: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "\"tupla de tuplas: {:?}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// But long Tuples (more than 12 elements) cannot be printed.\n" |
| " //let too_long_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);\n" |
| " //println!(\"Too long tuple: {:?}\", too_long_tuple);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Uncomment the above 2 lines to see the compiler error\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Pero no se pueden imprimir tuplas demasadio grandes (más de 12 elementos).\n" |
| " // let tupla_demasiado_grande = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);\n" |
| " // println!(\"Tupla demasiado grande: {:?}\", tupla_demasiado_grande);\n" |
| " // TAREA ^ Quita el comentario de las 2 líneas anteriores para ver el error del compilador\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:44 |
| msgid "\"Pair is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Par es {:?}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:46 |
| msgid "\"The reversed pair is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "\"El par invertido es {:?}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "// To create one element tuples, the comma is required to tell them apart\n" |
| " // from a literal surrounded by parentheses.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Para crear un tuplas de un sólo elemento, se requiere la coma para distinguirlas\n" |
| " // de un literal rodeado de paréntesis.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:50 |
| msgid "\"One element tuple: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Una tupla de 1 elemento: {:?}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:51 |
| msgid "\"Just an integer: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Sólo un entero: {:?}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:53 |
| msgid "// Tuples can be destructured to create bindings.\n" |
| msgstr "// Las tuplas puede desestructurar para crear variables.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:54 src/conversion/from_into.md:17 |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:52 src/std_misc/fs.md:51 |
| msgid "\"hello\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:57 |
| msgid "\"{:?}, {:?}, {:?}, {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:66 |
| msgid "" |
| "_Recap_: Add the `fmt::Display` trait to the `Matrix` struct in the above " |
| "example, so that if you switch from printing the debug format `{:?}` to the " |
| "display format `{}`, you see the following output:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "_Recapitulando_: Agrega el rasgo `fmt::Display` a `Matrix` en el ejemplo" |
| "anterior, de modo que si cambias de imprimir el formato de depuración `{:?}` al" |
| "formato de visualización `{}`, ves la siguiente salida:" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "You may want to refer back to the example for [print display](../hello/print/" |
| "print_display.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Es posible que desee consultar el ejemplo de [impresión a pantalla](../hello/print/" |
| "print_display.md)." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:76 |
| msgid "" |
| "Add a `transpose` function using the `reverse` function as a template, which " |
| "accepts a matrix as an argument, and returns a matrix in which two elements " |
| "have been swapped. For example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Agrega una función `transpose` usando la función `reverse` como una plantilla, el cual" |
| "acepta una matriz como argumento y devuelve una matriz en la que dos elementos" |
| "han sido intercambiados. Por ejemplo:" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:81 |
| msgid "\"Matrix:\\n{}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Matriz:\\n{}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:82 |
| msgid "\"Transpose:\\n{}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Transpuesta:\\n{}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/tuples.md:85 |
| msgid "Results in the output:" |
| msgstr "Resultados en el output:" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "An array is a collection of objects of the same type `T`, stored in " |
| "contiguous memory. Arrays are created using brackets `[]`, and their length, " |
| "which is known at compile time, is part of their type signature `[T; " |
| "length]`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Un arreglo es una colección de objetos del mismo tipo `t`, almacenado en " |
| "memoria contigua. Los arreglos se crean usando corchetes cuardrados `[]`, y su longitud, " |
| "que se conoce en el momento de la compilación, es parte de su anotación de tipo `[T; " |
| "longitud]`." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "Slices are similar to arrays, but their length is not known at compile time. " |
| "Instead, a slice is a two-word object; the first word is a pointer to the " |
| "data, the second word is the length of the slice. The word size is the same " |
| "as usize, determined by the processor architecture, e.g. 64 bits on an " |
| "x86-64. Slices can be used to borrow a section of an array and have the type " |
| "signature `&[T]`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Las slices son similares a los arreglos, pero su longitud no se conoce al momento de compilar." |
| "En cambio, un slice es un objeto de dos 'words' del procesador; la primera palabra es un puntero a los" |
| "datos, la segunda palabra es la longitud del slice. El tamaño de la palabra es el mismo" |
| "que usize, el cual se determina por la arquitectura del procesador, e.g. 64 bits en " |
| "x86-64. Los slices se pueden usar para tomar un `borrow` de una sección de un arreglo y tener la anotación" |
| "de tipo `&[t]`." |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:15 |
| msgid "// This function borrows a slice.\n" |
| msgstr "// Esta funcion hace borrow a una slice.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:18 |
| msgid "\"First element of the slice: {}\"" |
| msgstr "\" El primer elemento de un slice: {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:19 |
| msgid "\"The slice has {} elements\"" |
| msgstr "\"El slice tiene {} elementos\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:23 |
| msgid "// Fixed-size array (type signature is superfluous).\n" |
| msgstr "// Arreglos de tamaño fijo (su anotación de tipo es superflua).\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:26 |
| msgid "// All elements can be initialized to the same value.\n" |
| msgstr "// Todos los elementos pueden ser inicializados al mismo valor.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:29 |
| msgid "// Indexing starts at 0.\n" |
| msgstr "// Los índices empiezan en 0.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:30 |
| msgid "\"First element of the array: {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"El primer elemento del arreglo: {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:31 |
| msgid "\"Second element of the array: {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"El segundo elemento del arreglo: {}\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:33 |
| msgid "// `len` returns the count of elements in the array.\n" |
| msgstr "// `len` regresa cuántos elementos hay en el arreglo.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:34 |
| msgid "\"Number of elements in array: {}\"" |
| msgstr "\"Número de elementos en el arreglo: {} \"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:36 |
| msgid "// Arrays are stack allocated.\n" |
| msgstr "// Los arreglos se colocan en el stack.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:37 |
| msgid "\"Array occupies {} bytes\"" |
| msgstr "\"Los arreglos ocupan {} bytes\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:39 |
| msgid "// Arrays can be automatically borrowed as slices.\n" |
| msgstr "// Los arreglos pueden ser `borrowed` como slices.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:40 |
| msgid "\"Borrow the whole array as a slice.\"" |
| msgstr "\"Hace borrow de todo el arreglo como un slice.\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:43 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Slices can point to a section of an array.\n" |
| " // They are of the form [starting_index..ending_index].\n" |
| " // `starting_index` is the first position in the slice.\n" |
| " // `ending_index` is one more than the last position in the slice.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Los slices pueden apuntar a una sección de un arreglo.\n" |
| " // Estos son de la forma [índice_inicial..índice_final].\n" |
| " // `índice_inicial` es la primera posición en el slice.\n" |
| " // `índice_final` es uno más que la última posición en la porción.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:47 |
| msgid "\"Borrow a section of the array as a slice.\"" |
| msgstr "\"Hace Borrow de una sección del arreglo como un slice.\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:50 |
| msgid "// Example of empty slice `&[]`:\n" |
| msgstr "// Un ejemplo de un slice vacío `&[]`:\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:53 |
| msgid "// Same but more verbose\n" |
| msgstr "// Lo mismo pero menos conciso" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Arrays can be safely accessed using `.get`, which returns an\n" |
| " // `Option`. This can be matched as shown below, or used with\n" |
| " // `.expect()` if you would like the program to exit with a nice\n" |
| " // message instead of happily continue.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Se pueden acceder a las arreglos de forma segura usando `.get`, el cual devuelve un \n" |
| " // `Option'. Aquí se puede usar un match como se muestra a continuación, o en su caso con \n" |
| " // `.expect()` si desees que el programa termine con un amable\n" |
| " // mensaje en lugar de continuar felizmente.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:59 |
| msgid "// Oops, one element too far!\n" |
| msgstr "// ¡Oops!, un elemento de sobra.\n" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:61 |
| msgid "\"{}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:62 |
| msgid "\"Slow down! {} is too far!\"" |
| msgstr "\"¡Para! {} es demasiado lejos\"" |
| |
| #: src/primitives/array.md:66 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Out of bound indexing on array with constant value causes compile time " |
| "error.\n" |
| " //println!(\"{}\", xs[5]);\n" |
| " // Out of bound indexing on slice causes runtime error.\n" |
| " //println!(\"{}\", xs[..][5]);\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Usar un índice constante que se encuentra fuera del rango válido causa un error de compilación.\n" |
| " //println!(\"{}\", xs[5]);\n" |
| " // Usar un índice fuera de rango en un slice causa un error de compilación.\n" |
| " //println!(\"{}\", xs[..][5]);\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types.md:3 |
| msgid "Rust custom data types are formed mainly through the two keywords:" |
| msgstr "Los tipos de datos personalizados en Rust se logran principalmente con 2 palabras clave:" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types.md:5 |
| msgid "`struct`: define a structure" |
| msgstr "`struct`: define una estructura" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types.md:6 |
| msgid "`enum`: define an enumeration" |
| msgstr "`enum`: define una enumeración" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types.md:8 |
| msgid "Constants can also be created via the `const` and `static` keywords." |
| msgstr "Las constantes se crean con las palabras clave `const` o `static`." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are three types of structures (\"structs\") that can be created using " |
| "the `struct` keyword:" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Hay tres tipos de estructuras (\"struct\") que se pueden crear usando" |
| "la palabra clave 'struct`:" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:6 |
| msgid "Tuple structs, which are, basically, named tuples." |
| msgstr "Estructuras de tupla, las cuales son básicamente tuplas nombradas." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "The classic [C structs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Struct_(C_programming_language))" |
| msgstr "" |
| "Las clásicas estructuras [struct de C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Struct_(C_programming_language))" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:8 |
| msgid "Unit structs, which are field-less, are useful for generics." |
| msgstr "Las structs unitarias, las cuales no tienen campos, y son útiles para los genéricos." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:11 src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:6 |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:6 |
| msgid "// An attribute to hide warnings for unused code.\n" |
| msgstr "// Un atributo para esconder las advertencias del código no utilizado.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:19 |
| msgid "// A unit struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Una struct unitaria" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:22 |
| msgid "// A tuple struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Una struct de tupla" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:25 |
| msgid "// A struct with two fields\n" |
| msgstr "// Una struct de dos campos\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:31 |
| msgid "// Structs can be reused as fields of another struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Las Structs pueden reutilizar los campos de otras structs\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A rectangle can be specified by where the top left and bottom right\n" |
| " // corners are in space.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Un rectángulo se puede escpecificar por dónde las esquinas de arriba a la izquierda y abajo a la derecha" |
| " // se encuentran en el espacio.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:41 |
| msgid "// Create struct with field init shorthand\n" |
| msgstr "// Abreviación para crear un struct con un campo ya inicializado\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:46 |
| msgid "// Print debug struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Imprime un struct de depuración\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:49 |
| msgid "// Instantiate a `Point`\n" |
| msgstr "// Instanciar un `Point`\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:53 |
| msgid "// Access the fields of the point\n" |
| msgstr "// Accesa los campos del punto\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:54 |
| msgid "\"point coordinates: ({}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "\"coordenadas del punto: ({}, {})\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Make a new point by using struct update syntax to use the fields of our\n" |
| " // other one\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Crea un nuevo punto usando la sintáxis de update de struct para usar los campos\n" |
| " // del otro struct\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:60 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `bottom_right.y` will be the same as `another_point.y` because we used " |
| "that field\n" |
| " // from `another_point`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// `abajo_derecha.y` va a ser lo mismo que `otro_punto.y` por que usamos ese " |
| "campo \n" |
| " // de `otro_punto`\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:62 |
| msgid "\"second point: ({}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "\"segundo punto: ({}, {})\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:64 |
| msgid "// Destructure the point using a `let` binding\n" |
| msgstr "// Destructura el punto con un enlace `let`\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:68 |
| msgid "// struct instantiation is an expression too\n" |
| msgstr "// también se puede hacer la instanciación de un struct con una expresión" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:73 |
| msgid "// Instantiate a unit struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Instacia una struct unitaria" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:76 |
| msgid "// Instantiate a tuple struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Instancia una estructura de tupla\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:79 |
| msgid "// Access the fields of a tuple struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Accesa los campos de una estructura de tupla\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:80 src/custom_types/structs.md:85 |
| msgid "\"pair contains {:?} and {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "\"un par contiene {:?} y {:?}\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:82 |
| msgid "// Destructure a tuple struct\n" |
| msgstr "// Destructura una estructura de tupla" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:91 |
| msgid "" |
| "Add a function `rect_area` which calculates the area of a `Rectangle` (try " |
| "using nested destructuring)." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Agregue una función `rect_area` que calcula el área de un `Rectangle` (intenta" |
| "usar de la destructación anidada)." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:93 |
| msgid "" |
| "Add a function `square` which takes a `Point` and a `f32` as arguments, and " |
| "returns a `Rectangle` with its top left corner on the point, and a width and " |
| "height corresponding to the `f32`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Agregue una función `square` que toma un `Punto` y un `f32` como argumentos, y " |
| "devuelve un `Rectangle` con su esquina superior izquierda en el punto, y un ancho y" |
| "altura correspondiente al `f32`." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:97 |
| msgid "See also" |
| msgstr "Véase también" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/structs.md:99 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`attributes`](../attribute.md), [raw identifiers](../compatibility/" |
| "raw_identifiers.md) and [destructuring](../flow_control/match/destructuring." |
| "md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`attributes`](../attribute.md), [raw identifiers](../compatibility/" |
| "raw_identifiers.md) y [destructuring](../flow_control/match/destructuring." |
| "md)" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which may be one of a few " |
| "different variants. Any variant which is valid as a `struct` is also valid " |
| "in an `enum`." |
| msgstr "" |
| "La palabra clave `enum` permite la creación de un tipo que puede ser uno de unas pocas" |
| "diferentes variantes. Cualquier variante que sea válida como `struct` también es válida" |
| "en un `enum`." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Create an `enum` to classify a web event. Note how both\n" |
| "// names and type information together specify the variant:\n" |
| "// `PageLoad != PageUnload` and `KeyPress(char) != Paste(String)`.\n" |
| "// Each is different and independent.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Cree un `enum` para clasificar un evento web. Tenga en cuenta cómo ambos los\n" |
| "// nombres y los tipos juntos especifican la variante:\n" |
| "// `PageLoad != PageUnload` y `KeyPress(char) != Paste(String)`.\n" |
| "// Cada uno es diferente e independiente.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:13 |
| msgid "// An `enum` variant may either be `unit-like`,\n" |
| msgstr "// Una variante `enum` puede ser `cuasi-unitaria`,\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:16 |
| msgid "// like tuple structs,\n" |
| msgstr "// como estructuras de tuplas" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:19 |
| msgid "// or c-like structures.\n" |
| msgstr "// o estructuras estilo C.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A function which takes a `WebEvent` enum as an argument and\n" |
| "// returns nothing.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Una función que toma un enum 'WebEvent` como argumento y \n" |
| "// no devuelve nada.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:27 |
| msgid "\"page loaded\"" |
| msgstr "\"página cargada\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:28 |
| msgid "\"page unloaded\"" |
| msgstr "\"página descargada \"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:29 |
| msgid "// Destructure `c` from inside the `enum` variant.\n" |
| msgstr "// Destructura `c` desde dentro de la variante `enum`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:30 |
| msgid "\"pressed '{}'.\"" |
| msgstr "\"presionaste '{}'.\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:31 |
| msgid "\"pasted \\\"{}\\\".\"" |
| msgstr "\"pegaste \\\"{}\\\".\"" |
| |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:32 |
| msgid "// Destructure `Click` into `x` and `y`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Destructura `Click` en `x` y `y`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:34 |
| msgid "\"clicked at x={}, y={}.\"" |
| msgstr "\"click en x={}, y={}.\"" |
| |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:40 |
| msgid "'x'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:41 |
| msgid "// `to_owned()` creates an owned `String` from a string slice.\n" |
| msgstr "// `to_owned()` crea un `String` que es owned de slice de cadena.\n" |
| |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:42 |
| msgid "\"my text\"" |
| msgstr "\"mi texto\"" |
| |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:56 |
| msgid "Type aliases" |
| msgstr "Aliases de tipos" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "If you use a type alias, you can refer to each enum variant via its alias. " |
| "This might be useful if the enum's name is too long or too generic, and you " |
| "want to rename it." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Si usa un alias de tipo, puedes consultar cada variante de enum a través de su alias." |
| "Esto podría ser útil si el nombre del enum es demasiado largo o demasiado genérico, y lo " |
| "quieres renombrar." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:67 |
| msgid "// Creates a type alias\n" |
| msgstr "// Crear un alias de tipo\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "// We can refer to each variant via its alias, not its long and " |
| "inconvenient\n" |
| " // name.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Podemos referirnos a cada variante a través de su alias, y no su largo e" |
| "inconveniente \n" |
| " // nombre. \n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:78 |
| msgid "" |
| "The most common place you'll see this is in `impl` blocks using the `Self` " |
| "alias." |
| msgstr "" |
| "El lugar más común que verás esto es en los bloques de `impl` usando el alias `Self` " |
| "." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:96 |
| msgid "" |
| "To learn more about enums and type aliases, you can read the [stabilization " |
| "report](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/61682/" |
| "#issuecomment-502472847) from when this feature was stabilized into Rust." |
| msgstr "" |
| "Para obtener más información sobre enums y alias de tipo, puedes leer el [informe " |
| "estabilización](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/61682/" |
| "#issuecomment-502472847) de cuando este feature se estabilizó en Rust." |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum.md:102 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`match`](../flow_control/match.md), [`fn`](../fn.md), and [`String`](../std/" |
| "str.md), [\"Type alias enum variants\" RFC](https://rust-lang.github.io/" |
| "rfcs/2338-type-alias-enum-variants.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| "[`match`](../flow_control/match.md), [`fn`](../fn.md), y [`String`](../std/" |
| "str.md), [\"Type alias enum variants\" RFC](https://rust-lang.github.io/" |
| "rfcs/2338-type-alias-enum-variants.html)" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:3 |
| msgid "The `use` declaration can be used so manual scoping isn't needed:" |
| msgstr "La declaración `use` se puede usar de tal manera que no se necesiten alcances manuales:" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Explicitly `use` each name so they are available without\n" |
| " // manual scoping.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| "// Explícitamente `use` (usa) cada nombre para que estén disponibles sin \n " |
| " // alcance manual. \n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:23 |
| msgid "// Automatically `use` each name inside `Role`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Hace `use` automaticamente para cada nombre dentro de `Role`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:26 |
| msgid "// Equivalent to `Stage::Beginner`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Equivalente a `Stage::Beginner`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:28 |
| msgid "// Equivalent to `Role::Student`.\n" |
| msgstr "// Equivalente a `Role::Student`.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:32 |
| msgid "// Note the lack of scoping because of the explicit `use` above.\n" |
| msgstr "// Notamos que la falta de alcances se debe al uso explícito de `use` arriba.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:33 |
| msgid "\"Beginners are starting their learning journey!\"" |
| msgstr "\"¡Los principiantes están comenzando su aprendizaje!\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:34 |
| msgid "\"Advanced learners are mastering their subjects...\"" |
| msgstr "\"Los estudiantes avanzados están dominando sus materias...\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:38 |
| msgid "// Note again the lack of scoping.\n" |
| msgstr "// Notamos otra vez la falta de alcances.\n" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:39 |
| msgid "\"Students are acquiring knowledge!\"" |
| msgstr "\"¡Los estudiantes están adquiriendo conocimiento!\"" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:40 |
| msgid "\"Teachers are spreading knowledge!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/enum_use.md:47 |
| msgid "[`match`](../../flow_control/match.md) and [`use`](../../mod/use.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:3 |
| msgid "`enum` can also be used as C-like enums." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:8 |
| msgid "// enum with implicit discriminator (starts at 0)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:15 |
| msgid "// enum with explicit discriminator\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:24 |
| msgid "// `enums` can be cast as integers.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:25 |
| msgid "\"zero is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:26 |
| msgid "\"one is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:28 |
| msgid "\"roses are #{:06x}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:29 |
| msgid "\"violets are #{:06x}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/c_like.md:35 |
| msgid "[casting](../../types/cast.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:3 |
| msgid "A common way to implement a linked-list is via `enums`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Cons: Tuple struct that wraps an element and a pointer to the next node\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:11 |
| msgid "// Nil: A node that signifies the end of the linked list\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:14 |
| msgid "// Methods can be attached to an enum\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:17 |
| msgid "// Create an empty list\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:19 |
| msgid "// `Nil` has type `List`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Consume a list, and return the same list with a new element at its front\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:25 |
| msgid "// `Cons` also has type List\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:29 |
| msgid "// Return the length of the list\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `self` has to be matched, because the behavior of this method\n" |
| " // depends on the variant of `self`\n" |
| " // `self` has type `&List`, and `*self` has type `List`, matching on " |
| "a\n" |
| " // concrete type `T` is preferred over a match on a reference `&T`\n" |
| " // after Rust 2018 you can use self here and tail (with no ref) " |
| "below as well,\n" |
| " // rust will infer &s and ref tail. \n" |
| " // See https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/rust-2018/ownership-" |
| "and-lifetimes/default-match-bindings.html\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Can't take ownership of the tail, because `self` is borrowed;\n" |
| " // instead take a reference to the tail\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:42 |
| msgid "// Base Case: An empty list has zero length\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:47 |
| msgid "// Return representation of the list as a (heap allocated) string\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `format!` is similar to `print!`, but returns a heap\n" |
| " // allocated string instead of printing to the console\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:53 src/generics/impl.md:44 |
| msgid "\"{}, {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:56 |
| msgid "\"Nil\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:63 |
| msgid "// Create an empty linked list\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:66 |
| msgid "// Prepend some elements\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:71 |
| msgid "// Show the final state of the list\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:72 |
| msgid "\"linked list has length: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/enum/testcase_linked_list.md:79 |
| msgid "[`Box`](../../std/box.md) and [methods](../../fn/methods.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust has two different types of constants which can be declared in any scope " |
| "including global. Both require explicit type annotation:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:6 |
| msgid "`const`: An unchangeable value (the common case)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "`static`: A possibly mutable variable with [`'static`](../scope/lifetime/" |
| "static_lifetime.md) lifetime. The static lifetime is inferred and does not " |
| "have to be specified. Accessing or modifying a mutable static variable is " |
| "[`unsafe`](../unsafe.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:12 |
| msgid "// Globals are declared outside all other scopes.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:13 |
| msgid "\"Rust\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:17 |
| msgid "// Access constant in some function\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:24 |
| msgid "// Access constant in the main thread\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:25 |
| msgid "\"This is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:26 |
| msgid "\"The threshold is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:27 |
| msgid "\"{} is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:27 |
| msgid "\"big\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:27 |
| msgid "\"small\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:29 |
| msgid "// Error! Cannot modify a `const`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:31 src/variable_bindings/scope.md:22 |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:27 src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:16 |
| #: src/types/cast.md:19 src/types/cast.md:28 src/flow_control/for.md:95 |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:41 src/scope/borrow/mut.md:52 src/std/vec.md:32 |
| #: src/std/vec.md:45 src/std/hash/hashset.md:48 |
| msgid "// FIXME ^ Comment out this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/custom_types/constants.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The `const`/`static` RFC](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/" |
| "text/0246-const-vs-static.md), [`'static` lifetime](../scope/lifetime/" |
| "static_lifetime.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings can be type " |
| "annotated when declared. However, in most cases, the compiler will be able " |
| "to infer the type of the variable from the context, heavily reducing the " |
| "annotation burden." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Values (like literals) can be bound to variables, using the `let` binding." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:16 |
| msgid "// copy `an_integer` into `copied_integer`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:19 |
| msgid "\"An integer: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:20 |
| msgid "\"A boolean: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:21 |
| msgid "\"Meet the unit value: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The compiler warns about unused variable bindings; these warnings can\n" |
| " // be silenced by prefixing the variable name with an underscore\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// FIXME ^ Prefix with an underscore to suppress the warning\n" |
| " // Please note that warnings may not be shown in a browser\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Variable bindings are immutable by default, but this can be overridden using " |
| "the `mut` modifier." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:11 |
| msgid "\"Before mutation: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:13 |
| msgid "// Ok\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:16 |
| msgid "\"After mutation: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:18 |
| msgid "// Error! Cannot assign a new value to an immutable variable\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/mut.md:23 |
| msgid "The compiler will throw a detailed diagnostic about mutability errors." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Variable bindings have a scope, and are constrained to live in a _block_. A " |
| "block is a collection of statements enclosed by braces `{}`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:8 |
| msgid "// This binding lives in the main function\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:11 |
| msgid "// This is a block, and has a smaller scope than the main function\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:13 |
| msgid "// This binding only exists in this block\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:16 |
| msgid "\"inner short: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:18 |
| msgid "// End of the block\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:20 |
| msgid "// Error! `short_lived_binding` doesn't exist in this scope\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:21 |
| msgid "\"outer short: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:24 |
| msgid "\"outer long: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "Also, [variable shadowing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_shadowing) " |
| "is allowed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:35 |
| msgid "\"before being shadowed: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:37 |
| msgid "// This binding *shadows* the outer one\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:38 |
| msgid "\"abc\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:40 |
| msgid "\"shadowed in inner block: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:42 |
| msgid "\"outside inner block: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:44 |
| msgid "// This binding *shadows* the previous binding\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/scope.md:46 |
| msgid "\"shadowed in outer block: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "It is possible to declare variable bindings first and initialize them later, " |
| "but all variable bindings must be initialized before they are used: the " |
| "compiler forbids use of uninitialized variable bindings, as it would lead to " |
| "undefined behavior." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "It is not common to declare a variable binding and initialize it later in " |
| "the function. It is more difficult for a reader to find the initialization " |
| "when initialization is separated from declaration. It is common to declare " |
| "and initialize a variable binding near where the variable will be used." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:11 |
| msgid "// Declare a variable binding\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:17 |
| msgid "// Initialize the binding\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:21 |
| msgid "\"a binding: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:25 |
| msgid "// Error! Use of uninitialized binding\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/declare.md:26 src/variable_bindings/declare.md:31 |
| msgid "\"another binding: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "When data is bound by the same name immutably, it also _freezes_. _Frozen_ " |
| "data can't be modified until the immutable binding goes out of scope:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:11 |
| msgid "// Shadowing by immutable `_mutable_integer`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:14 |
| msgid "// Error! `_mutable_integer` is frozen in this scope\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:18 |
| msgid "// `_mutable_integer` goes out of scope\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/variable_bindings/freeze.md:21 |
| msgid "// Ok! `_mutable_integer` is not frozen in this scope\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides several mechanisms to change or define the type of primitive " |
| "and user defined types. The following sections cover:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types.md:6 |
| msgid "[Casting](types/cast.md) between primitive types" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types.md:7 |
| msgid "Specifying the desired type of [literals](types/literals.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types.md:8 |
| msgid "Using [type inference](types/inference.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types.md:9 |
| msgid "[Aliasing](types/alias.md) types" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides no implicit type conversion (coercion) between primitive " |
| "types. But, explicit type conversion (casting) can be performed using the " |
| "`as` keyword." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rules for converting between integral types follow C conventions generally, " |
| "except in cases where C has undefined behavior. The behavior of all casts " |
| "between integral types is well defined in Rust." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:11 |
| msgid "// Suppress all warnings from casts which overflow.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:17 |
| msgid "// Error! No implicit conversion\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:21 |
| msgid "// Explicit conversion\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:25 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! There are limitations in conversion rules.\n" |
| " // A float cannot be directly converted to a char.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:30 |
| msgid "\"Casting: {} -> {} -> {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// when casting any value to an unsigned type, T,\n" |
| " // T::MAX + 1 is added or subtracted until the value\n" |
| " // fits into the new type\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:36 |
| msgid "// 1000 already fits in a u16\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:37 |
| msgid "\"1000 as a u16 is: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// 1000 - 256 - 256 - 256 = 232\n" |
| " // Under the hood, the first 8 least significant bits (LSB) are kept,\n" |
| " // while the rest towards the most significant bit (MSB) get truncated.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:42 src/types/cast.md:61 |
| msgid "\"1000 as a u8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:43 |
| msgid "// -1 + 256 = 255\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:44 |
| msgid "\" -1 as a u8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:46 |
| msgid "// For positive numbers, this is the same as the modulus\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:47 |
| msgid "\"1000 mod 256 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:49 |
| msgid "" |
| "// When casting to a signed type, the (bitwise) result is the same as\n" |
| " // first casting to the corresponding unsigned type. If the most " |
| "significant\n" |
| " // bit of that value is 1, then the value is negative.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:53 |
| msgid "// Unless it already fits, of course.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:54 |
| msgid "\" 128 as a i16 is: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "// In boundary case 128 value in 8-bit two's complement representation is " |
| "-128\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:57 |
| msgid "\" 128 as a i8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "// repeating the example above\n" |
| " // 1000 as u8 -> 232\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:62 |
| msgid "" |
| "// and the value of 232 in 8-bit two's complement representation is -24\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:63 |
| msgid "\" 232 as a i8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:65 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Since Rust 1.45, the `as` keyword performs a *saturating cast*\n" |
| " // when casting from float to int. If the floating point value exceeds\n" |
| " // the upper bound or is less than the lower bound, the returned value\n" |
| " // will be equal to the bound crossed.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:70 |
| msgid "// 300.0 as u8 is 255\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:71 src/types/cast.md:82 |
| msgid "\" 300.0 as u8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:72 |
| msgid "// -100.0 as u8 is 0\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:73 src/types/cast.md:84 |
| msgid "\"-100.0 as u8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:74 src/types/cast.md:85 |
| msgid "// nan as u8 is 0\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:75 src/types/cast.md:86 |
| msgid "\" nan as u8 is : {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:77 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This behavior incurs a small runtime cost and can be avoided\n" |
| " // with unsafe methods, however the results might overflow and\n" |
| " // return **unsound values**. Use these methods wisely:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:81 |
| msgid "// 300.0 as u8 is 44\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/cast.md:83 |
| msgid "// -100.0 as u8 is 156\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Numeric literals can be type annotated by adding the type as a suffix. As an " |
| "example, to specify that the literal `42` should have the type `i32`, write " |
| "`42i32`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "The type of unsuffixed numeric literals will depend on how they are used. If " |
| "no constraint exists, the compiler will use `i32` for integers, and `f64` " |
| "for floating-point numbers." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:12 |
| msgid "// Suffixed literals, their types are known at initialization\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:17 |
| msgid "// Unsuffixed literals, their types depend on how they are used\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:21 |
| msgid "// `size_of_val` returns the size of a variable in bytes\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:22 |
| msgid "\"size of `x` in bytes: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:23 |
| msgid "\"size of `y` in bytes: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:24 |
| msgid "\"size of `z` in bytes: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:25 |
| msgid "\"size of `i` in bytes: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:26 |
| msgid "\"size of `f` in bytes: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are some concepts used in the previous code that haven't been " |
| "explained yet, here's a brief explanation for the impatient readers:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/literals.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "`std::mem::size_of_val` is a function, but called with its _full path_. Code " |
| "can be split in logical units called _modules_. In this case, the " |
| "`size_of_val` function is defined in the `mem` module, and the `mem` module " |
| "is defined in the `std` _crate_. For more details, see [modules](../mod.md) " |
| "and [crates](../crates.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The type inference engine is pretty smart. It does more than looking at the " |
| "type of the value expression during an initialization. It also looks at how " |
| "the variable is used afterwards to infer its type. Here's an advanced " |
| "example of type inference:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Because of the annotation, the compiler knows that `elem` has type u8.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:13 |
| msgid "// Create an empty vector (a growable array).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// At this point the compiler doesn't know the exact type of `vec`, it\n" |
| " // just knows that it's a vector of something (`Vec<_>`).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:18 |
| msgid "// Insert `elem` in the vector.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Aha! Now the compiler knows that `vec` is a vector of `u8`s (`Vec<u8>`)\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try commenting out the `vec.push(elem)` line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/inference.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "No type annotation of variables was needed, the compiler is happy and so is " |
| "the programmer!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `type` statement can be used to give a new name to an existing type. " |
| "Types must have `UpperCamelCase` names, or the compiler will raise a " |
| "warning. The exception to this rule are the primitive types: `usize`, `f32`, " |
| "etc." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:8 |
| msgid "// `NanoSecond`, `Inch`, and `U64` are new names for `u64`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:14 |
| msgid "// `NanoSecond` = `Inch` = `U64` = `u64`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Note that type aliases *don't* provide any extra type safety, because\n" |
| " // aliases are *not* new types\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:20 |
| msgid "\"{} nanoseconds + {} inches = {} unit?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "The main use of aliases is to reduce boilerplate; for example the `io::" |
| "Result<T>` type is an alias for the `Result<T, io::Error>` type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/types/alias.md:32 |
| msgid "[Attributes](../attribute.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Primitive types can be converted to each other through [casting](types/cast." |
| "md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust addresses conversion between custom types (i.e., `struct` and `enum`) " |
| "by the use of [traits](trait.md). The generic conversions will use the " |
| "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) traits. However " |
| "there are more specific ones for the more common cases, in particular when " |
| "converting to and from `String`s." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and " |
| "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) traits are " |
| "inherently linked, and this is actually part of its implementation. If you " |
| "are able to convert type A from type B, then it should be easy to believe " |
| "that we should be able to convert type B to type A." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:7 |
| msgid "`From`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) trait " |
| "allows for a type to define how to create itself from another type, hence " |
| "providing a very simple mechanism for converting between several types. " |
| "There are numerous implementations of this trait within the standard library " |
| "for conversion of primitive and common types." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:14 |
| msgid "For example we can easily convert a `str` into a `String`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:21 |
| msgid "We can do something similar for defining a conversion for our own type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:39 src/conversion/from_into.md:68 |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:98 |
| msgid "\"My number is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:43 |
| msgid "`Into`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) trait is " |
| "simply the reciprocal of the `From` trait. It defines how to convert a type " |
| "into another type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "Calling `into()` typically requires us to specify the result type as the " |
| "compiler is unable to determine this most of the time." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:66 |
| msgid "// Try removing the type annotation\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:72 |
| msgid "`From` and `Into` are interchangeable" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:74 |
| msgid "" |
| "`From` and `Into` are designed to be complementary. We do not need to " |
| "provide an implementation for both traits. If you have implemented the " |
| "`From` trait for your type, `Into` will call it when necessary. Note, " |
| "however, that the converse is not true: implementing `Into` for your type " |
| "will not automatically provide it with an implementation of `From`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:86 |
| msgid "// Define `From`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/from_into.md:96 |
| msgid "// use `Into`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/try_from_try_into.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Similar to [`From` and `Into`](from_into.html), [`TryFrom`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html) and [`TryInto`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryInto.html) are generic traits for converting " |
| "between types. Unlike `From`/`Into`, the `TryFrom`/`TryInto` traits are used " |
| "for fallible conversions, and as such, return [`Result`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/result/enum.Result.html)s." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/try_from_try_into.md:33 |
| msgid "// TryFrom\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/try_from_try_into.md:38 |
| msgid "// TryInto\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:1 |
| msgid "To and from Strings" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:3 |
| msgid "Converting to String" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "To convert any type to a `String` is as simple as implementing the " |
| "[`ToString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/trait.ToString.html) trait " |
| "for the type. Rather than doing so directly, you should implement the [`fmt::" |
| "Display`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/trait.Display.html) trait which " |
| "automatically provides [`ToString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/" |
| "trait.ToString.html) and also allows printing the type as discussed in the " |
| "section on [`print!`](../hello/print.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:19 |
| msgid "\"Circle of radius {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:29 |
| msgid "Parsing a String" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "It's useful to convert strings into many types, but one of the more common " |
| "string operations is to convert them from string to number. The idiomatic " |
| "approach to this is to use the [`parse`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "primitive.str.html#method.parse) function and either to arrange for type " |
| "inference or to specify the type to parse using the 'turbofish' syntax. Both " |
| "alternatives are shown in the following example." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "This will convert the string into the type specified as long as the " |
| "[`FromStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html) trait is " |
| "implemented for that type. This is implemented for numerous types within the " |
| "standard library." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:43 src/std_misc/process/wait.md:10 |
| msgid "\"5\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:44 src/error/result.md:33 src/error/result.md:68 |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:42 src/error/result/result_map.md:75 |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:36 src/error/result/early_returns.md:36 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:34 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:67 |
| msgid "\"10\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:47 |
| msgid "\"Sum: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "To obtain this functionality on a user defined type simply implement the " |
| "[`FromStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html) trait for " |
| "that type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/conversion/string.md:74 |
| msgid "\" 3 \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:3 |
| msgid "A Rust program is (mostly) made up of a series of statements:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "// statement\n" |
| " // statement\n" |
| " // statement\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are a few kinds of statements in Rust. The most common two are " |
| "declaring a variable binding, and using a `;` with an expression:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:18 |
| msgid "// variable binding\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:21 |
| msgid "// expression;\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "Blocks are expressions too, so they can be used as values in assignments. " |
| "The last expression in the block will be assigned to the place expression " |
| "such as a local variable. However, if the last expression of the block ends " |
| "with a semicolon, the return value will be `()`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:41 |
| msgid "// This expression will be assigned to `y`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The semicolon suppresses this expression and `()` is assigned to `z`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:50 |
| msgid "\"x is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:51 |
| msgid "\"y is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/expression.md:52 |
| msgid "\"z is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "An integral part of any programming language are ways to modify control " |
| "flow: `if`/`else`, `for`, and others. Let's talk about them in Rust." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Branching with `if`\\-`else` is similar to other languages. Unlike many of " |
| "them, the boolean condition doesn't need to be surrounded by parentheses, " |
| "and each condition is followed by a block. `if`\\-`else` conditionals are " |
| "expressions, and, all branches must return the same type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:13 |
| msgid "\"{} is negative\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:15 |
| msgid "\"{} is positive\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:17 |
| msgid "\"{} is zero\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:22 |
| msgid "\", and is a small number, increase ten-fold\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:24 |
| msgid "// This expression returns an `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:27 |
| msgid "\", and is a big number, halve the number\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:29 |
| msgid "// This expression must return an `i32` as well.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:31 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try suppressing this expression with a semicolon.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "// ^ Don't forget to put a semicolon here! All `let` bindings need it.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_else.md:35 src/flow_control/match.md:35 |
| msgid "\"{} -> {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:3 |
| msgid "Rust provides a `loop` keyword to indicate an infinite loop." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `break` statement can be used to exit a loop at anytime, whereas the " |
| "`continue` statement can be used to skip the rest of the iteration and start " |
| "a new one." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:13 |
| msgid "\"Let's count until infinity!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:15 |
| msgid "// Infinite loop\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:20 |
| msgid "\"three\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:22 |
| msgid "// Skip the rest of this iteration\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:29 |
| msgid "\"OK, that's enough\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop.md:31 |
| msgid "// Exit this loop\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "It's possible to `break` or `continue` outer loops when dealing with nested " |
| "loops. In these cases, the loops must be annotated with some `'label`, and " |
| "the label must be passed to the `break`/`continue` statement." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:12 |
| msgid "\"Entered the outer loop\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:15 |
| msgid "\"Entered the inner loop\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This would break only the inner loop\n" |
| " //break;\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:20 |
| msgid "// This breaks the outer loop\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:24 |
| msgid "\"This point will never be reached\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/nested.md:27 |
| msgid "\"Exited the outer loop\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/loop/return.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "One of the uses of a `loop` is to retry an operation until it succeeds. If " |
| "the operation returns a value though, you might need to pass it to the rest " |
| "of the code: put it after the `break`, and it will be returned by the `loop` " |
| "expression." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `while` keyword can be used to run a loop while a condition is true." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "Let's write the infamous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) " |
| "using a `while` loop." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:9 |
| msgid "// A counter variable\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:12 |
| msgid "// Loop while `n` is less than 101\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:15 src/flow_control/for.md:17 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:37 src/fn.md:34 |
| msgid "\"fizzbuzz\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:17 src/flow_control/for.md:19 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:39 src/fn.md:36 |
| msgid "\"fizz\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:19 src/flow_control/for.md:21 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:41 src/fn.md:38 |
| msgid "\"buzz\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while.md:24 |
| msgid "// Increment counter\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:1 |
| msgid "for loops" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `for in` construct can be used to iterate through an `Iterator`. One of " |
| "the easiest ways to create an iterator is to use the range notation `a..b`. " |
| "This yields values from `a` (inclusive) to `b` (exclusive) in steps of one." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:10 |
| msgid "Let's write FizzBuzz using `for` instead of `while`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:14 src/flow_control/for.md:34 |
| msgid "// `n` will take the values: 1, 2, ..., 100 in each iteration\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "Alternatively, `a..=b` can be used for a range that is inclusive on both " |
| "ends. The above can be written as:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:49 |
| msgid "for and iterators" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `for in` construct is able to interact with an `Iterator` in several " |
| "ways. As discussed in the section on the [Iterator](../trait/iter.md) trait, " |
| "by default the `for` loop will apply the `into_iter` function to the " |
| "collection. However, this is not the only means of converting collections " |
| "into iterators." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "`into_iter`, `iter` and `iter_mut` all handle the conversion of a collection " |
| "into an iterator in different ways, by providing different views on the data " |
| "within." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:60 |
| msgid "" |
| "`iter` - This borrows each element of the collection through each iteration. " |
| "Thus leaving the collection untouched and available for reuse after the loop." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:65 src/flow_control/for.md:85 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:104 |
| msgid "\"Frank\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:65 src/flow_control/for.md:69 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:85 src/flow_control/for.md:89 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:104 src/flow_control/for.md:108 |
| msgid "\"Ferris\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:69 src/flow_control/for.md:89 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:108 |
| msgid "\"There is a rustacean among us!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:70 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try deleting the & and matching just \"Ferris\"\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:71 src/flow_control/for.md:90 |
| msgid "\"Hello {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:75 src/flow_control/for.md:94 |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:113 |
| msgid "\"names: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:79 |
| msgid "" |
| "`into_iter` - This consumes the collection so that on each iteration the " |
| "exact data is provided. Once the collection has been consumed it is no " |
| "longer available for reuse as it has been 'moved' within the loop." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:99 |
| msgid "" |
| "`iter_mut` - This mutably borrows each element of the collection, allowing " |
| "for the collection to be modified in place." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:109 |
| msgid "\"Hello\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:117 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the above snippets note the type of `match` branch, that is the key " |
| "difference in the types of iteration. The difference in type then of course " |
| "implies differing actions that are able to be performed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/for.md:123 |
| msgid "[Iterator](../trait/iter.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides pattern matching via the `match` keyword, which can be used " |
| "like a C `switch`. The first matching arm is evaluated and all possible " |
| "values must be covered." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:10 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try different values for `number`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:12 |
| msgid "\"Tell me about {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:14 |
| msgid "// Match a single value\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:15 |
| msgid "\"One!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:16 |
| msgid "// Match several values\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:17 |
| msgid "\"This is a prime\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "// TODO ^ Try adding 13 to the list of prime values\n" |
| " // Match an inclusive range\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:20 |
| msgid "\"A teen\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:21 |
| msgid "// Handle the rest of cases\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:22 |
| msgid "\"Ain't special\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:23 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try commenting out this catch-all arm\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:27 |
| msgid "// Match is an expression too\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:29 |
| msgid "// The arms of a match must cover all the possible values\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match.md:32 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try commenting out one of these arms\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:3 |
| msgid "A `match` block can destructure items in a variety of ways." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:5 |
| msgid "[Destructuring Tuples](destructuring/destructure_tuple.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:6 |
| msgid "[Destructuring Arrays and Slices](destructuring/destructure_slice.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:7 |
| msgid "[Destructuring Enums](destructuring/destructure_enum.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:8 |
| msgid "[Destructuring Pointers](destructuring/destructure_pointers.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring.md:9 |
| msgid "[Destructuring Structures](destructuring/destructure_structures.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:3 |
| msgid "Tuples can be destructured in a `match` as follows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:8 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try different values for `triple`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:10 |
| msgid "\"Tell me about {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:11 |
| msgid "// Match can be used to destructure a tuple\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:13 |
| msgid "// Destructure the second and third elements\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:14 |
| msgid "\"First is `0`, `y` is {:?}, and `z` is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:15 |
| msgid "\"First is `1` and the rest doesn't matter\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:16 |
| msgid "\"last is `2` and the rest doesn't matter\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:17 |
| msgid "\"First is `3`, last is `4`, and the rest doesn't matter\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:18 |
| msgid "// `..` can be used to ignore the rest of the tuple\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:19 |
| msgid "\"It doesn't matter what they are\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:20 |
| msgid "// `_` means don't bind the value to a variable\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_tuple.md:27 |
| msgid "[Tuples](../../../primitives/tuples.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:3 |
| msgid "Like tuples, arrays and slices can be destructured this way:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:7 |
| msgid "// Try changing the values in the array, or make it a slice!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Binds the second and the third elements to the respective variables\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:13 |
| msgid "\"array[0] = 0, array[1] = {}, array[2] = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:15 |
| msgid "// Single values can be ignored with _\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:17 |
| msgid "\"array[0] = 1, array[2] = {} and array[1] was ignored\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:21 |
| msgid "// You can also bind some and ignore the rest\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:23 |
| msgid "\"array[0] = -1, array[1] = {} and all the other ones were ignored\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The code below would not compile\n" |
| " // [-1, second] => ...\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Or store them in another array/slice (the type depends on\n" |
| " // that of the value that is being matched against)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:32 |
| msgid "\"array[0] = 3, array[1] = {} and the other elements were {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Combining these patterns, we can, for example, bind the first and\n" |
| " // last values, and store the rest of them in a single array\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:39 |
| msgid "\"array[0] = {}, middle = {:?}, array[2] = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_slice.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Arrays and Slices](../../../primitives/array.md) and [Binding](../binding." |
| "md) for `@` sigil" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:3 |
| msgid "An `enum` is destructured similarly:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `allow` required to silence warnings because only\n" |
| "// one variant is used.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:10 |
| msgid "// These 3 are specified solely by their name.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:14 |
| msgid "// These likewise tie `u32` tuples to different names: color models.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:24 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try different variants for `color`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:26 |
| msgid "\"What color is it?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:27 |
| msgid "// An `enum` can be destructured using a `match`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:29 |
| msgid "\"The color is Red!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:30 |
| msgid "\"The color is Blue!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:31 |
| msgid "\"The color is Green!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:33 |
| msgid "\"Red: {}, green: {}, and blue: {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:35 |
| msgid "\"Hue: {}, saturation: {}, value: {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:37 |
| msgid "\"Hue: {}, saturation: {}, lightness: {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:39 |
| msgid "\"Cyan: {}, magenta: {}, yellow: {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:41 |
| msgid "\"Cyan: {}, magenta: {}, yellow: {}, key (black): {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:43 |
| msgid "// Don't need another arm because all variants have been examined\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_enum.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`#[allow(...)]`](../../../attribute/unused.md), [color models](https://en." |
| "wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_model) and [`enum`](../../../custom_types/enum.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "For pointers, a distinction needs to be made between destructuring and " |
| "dereferencing as they are different concepts which are used differently from " |
| "languages like C/C++." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:7 |
| msgid "Dereferencing uses `*`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:8 |
| msgid "Destructuring uses `&`, `ref`, and `ref mut`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Assign a reference of type `i32`. The `&` signifies there\n" |
| " // is a reference being assigned.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If `reference` is pattern matched against `&val`, it results\n" |
| " // in a comparison like:\n" |
| " // `&i32`\n" |
| " // `&val`\n" |
| " // ^ We see that if the matching `&`s are dropped, then the `i32`\n" |
| " // should be assigned to `val`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:23 |
| msgid "\"Got a value via destructuring: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:26 |
| msgid "// To avoid the `&`, you dereference before matching.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:28 |
| msgid "\"Got a value via dereferencing: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// What if you don't start with a reference? `reference` was a `&`\n" |
| " // because the right side was already a reference. This is not\n" |
| " // a reference because the right side is not one.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Rust provides `ref` for exactly this purpose. It modifies the\n" |
| " // assignment so that a reference is created for the element; this\n" |
| " // reference is assigned.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Accordingly, by defining 2 values without references, references\n" |
| " // can be retrieved via `ref` and `ref mut`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:46 |
| msgid "// Use `ref` keyword to create a reference.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:48 |
| msgid "\"Got a reference to a value: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:51 |
| msgid "// Use `ref mut` similarly.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:54 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Got a reference. Gotta dereference it before we can\n" |
| " // add anything to it.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:57 |
| msgid "\"We added 10. `mut_value`: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md:65 |
| msgid "[The ref pattern](../../../scope/borrow/ref.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:3 |
| msgid "Similarly, a `struct` can be destructured as shown:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:12 |
| msgid "// Try changing the values in the struct to see what happens\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:16 |
| msgid "\"First of x is 1, b = {}, y = {} \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "// you can destructure structs and rename the variables,\n" |
| " // the order is not important\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:20 |
| msgid "\"y is 2, i = {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:22 |
| msgid "// and you can also ignore some variables:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:23 |
| msgid "\"y = {}, we don't care about x\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "// this will give an error: pattern does not mention field `x`\n" |
| " //Foo { y } => println!(\"y = {}\", y),\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:30 |
| msgid "// You do not need a match block to destructure structs:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:32 |
| msgid "\"Outside: x0 = {x0:?}, y0 = {y0}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:34 |
| msgid "// Destructuring works with nested structs as well:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:41 |
| msgid "\"Nested: nested_x = {nested_x:?}, nested_y = {nested_y:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_structures.md:47 |
| msgid "[Structs](../../../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:3 |
| msgid "A `match` _guard_ can be added to filter the arm." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:14 |
| msgid "// ^ TODO try different values for `temperature`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:17 |
| msgid "\"{}C is above 30 Celsius\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:18 |
| msgid "// The `if condition` part ^ is a guard\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:19 |
| msgid "\"{}C is equal to or below 30 Celsius\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:21 |
| msgid "\"{}F is above 86 Fahrenheit\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:22 |
| msgid "\"{}F is equal to or below 86 Fahrenheit\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that the compiler won't take guard conditions into account when " |
| "checking if all patterns are covered by the match expression." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:35 |
| msgid "\"Zero\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:36 |
| msgid "\"Greater than zero\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// _ => unreachable!(\"Should never happen.\"),\n" |
| " // TODO ^ uncomment to fix compilation\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/guard.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Tuples](../../primitives/tuples.md) [Enums](../../custom_types/enum.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Indirectly accessing a variable makes it impossible to branch and use that " |
| "variable without re-binding. `match` provides the `@` sigil for binding " |
| "values to names:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:8 |
| msgid "// A function `age` which returns a `u32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:14 |
| msgid "\"Tell me what type of person you are\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:17 |
| msgid "\"I haven't celebrated my first birthday yet\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Could `match` 1 ..= 12 directly but then what age\n" |
| " // would the child be? Instead, bind to `n` for the\n" |
| " // sequence of 1 ..= 12. Now the age can be reported.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:21 |
| msgid "\"I'm a child of age {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:22 |
| msgid "\"I'm a teen of age {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:23 |
| msgid "// Nothing bound. Return the result.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:24 |
| msgid "\"I'm an old person of age {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "You can also use binding to \"destructure\" `enum` variants, such as " |
| "`Option`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Got `Some` variant, match if its value, bound to `n`,\n" |
| " // is equal to 42.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:40 |
| msgid "\"The Answer: {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:41 |
| msgid "// Match any other number.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:42 |
| msgid "\"Not interesting... {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:43 |
| msgid "// Match anything else (`None` variant).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/match/binding.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`functions`](../../fn.md), [`enums`](../../custom_types/enum.md) and " |
| "[`Option`](../../std/option.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "For some use cases, when matching enums, `match` is awkward. For example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:6 src/flow_control/while_let.md:7 |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:35 |
| msgid "// Make `optional` of type `Option<i32>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:10 |
| msgid "\"This is a really long string and `{:?}`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "// ^ Required because `match` is exhaustive. Doesn't it seem\n" |
| " // like wasted space?\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "`if let` is cleaner for this use case and in addition allows various failure " |
| "options to be specified:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:23 |
| msgid "// All have type `Option<i32>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `if let` construct reads: \"if `let` destructures `number` into\n" |
| " // `Some(i)`, evaluate the block (`{}`).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:31 src/flow_control/if_let.md:36 |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:46 |
| msgid "\"Matched {:?}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:34 |
| msgid "// If you need to specify a failure, use an else:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:38 |
| msgid "// Destructure failed. Change to the failure case.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:39 src/flow_control/if_let.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Didn't match a number. Let's go with a letter!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:42 |
| msgid "// Provide an altered failing condition.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:47 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Destructure failed. Evaluate an `else if` condition to see if the\n" |
| " // alternate failure branch should be taken:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:52 |
| msgid "// The condition evaluated false. This branch is the default:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:53 |
| msgid "\"I don't like letters. Let's go with an emoticon :)!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:58 |
| msgid "In the same way, `if let` can be used to match any enum value:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:61 |
| msgid "// Our example enum\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:69 |
| msgid "// Create example variables\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:74 src/flow_control/if_let.md:110 |
| msgid "// Variable a matches Foo::Bar\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:76 src/flow_control/if_let.md:113 |
| msgid "\"a is foobar\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:79 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Variable b does not match Foo::Bar\n" |
| " // So this will print nothing\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:82 |
| msgid "\"b is foobar\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:85 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Variable c matches Foo::Qux which has a value\n" |
| " // Similar to Some() in the previous example\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:88 |
| msgid "\"c is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:91 |
| msgid "// Binding also works with `if let`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:93 |
| msgid "\"c is one hundred\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:98 |
| msgid "" |
| "Another benefit is that `if let` allows us to match non-parameterized enum " |
| "variants. This is true even in cases where the enum doesn't implement or " |
| "derive `PartialEq`. In such cases `if Foo::Bar == a` would fail to compile, " |
| "because instances of the enum cannot be equated, however `if let` will " |
| "continue to work." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:100 |
| msgid "Would you like a challenge? Fix the following example to use `if let`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:103 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This enum purposely neither implements nor derives PartialEq.\n" |
| "// That is why comparing Foo::Bar == a fails below.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:112 |
| msgid "// ^-- this causes a compile-time error. Use `if let` instead.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/if_let.md:120 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`enum`](../custom_types/enum.md), [`Option`](../std/option.md), and the " |
| "[RFC](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/160)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:3 |
| msgid "🛈 stable since: rust 1.65" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "🛈 you can target specific edition by compiling like this `rustc --" |
| "edition=2021 main.rs`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "With `let`\\-`else`, a refutable pattern can match and bind variables in the " |
| "surrounding scope like a normal `let`, or else diverge (e.g. `break`, " |
| "`return`, `panic!`) when the pattern doesn't match." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:16 src/flow_control/let_else.md:39 |
| #: src/std/str.md:41 |
| msgid "' '" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:18 src/flow_control/let_else.md:42 |
| msgid "\"Can't segment count item pair: '{s}'\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:21 src/flow_control/let_else.md:47 |
| msgid "\"Can't parse integer: '{count_str}'\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:27 src/flow_control/let_else.md:52 |
| msgid "\"3 chairs\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:27 src/flow_control/let_else.md:52 |
| msgid "\"chairs\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "The scope of name bindings is the main thing that makes this different from " |
| "`match` or `if let`\\-`else` expressions. You could previously approximate " |
| "these patterns with an unfortunate bit of repetition and an outer `let`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/let_else.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "[option](../std/option.md), [match](./match.md), [if let](./if_let.md) and " |
| "the [let-else RFC](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/3137-let-else.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Similar to `if let`, `while let` can make awkward `match` sequences more " |
| "tolerable. Consider the following sequence that increments `i`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:9 |
| msgid "// Repeatedly try this test.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:13 |
| msgid "// If `optional` destructures, evaluate the block.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:16 src/flow_control/while_let.md:42 |
| msgid "\"Greater than 9, quit!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:19 src/flow_control/while_let.md:45 |
| msgid "\"`i` is `{:?}`. Try again.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:22 |
| msgid "// ^ Requires 3 indentations!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:24 |
| msgid "// Quit the loop when the destructure fails:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:26 |
| msgid "// ^ Why should this be required? There must be a better way!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:31 |
| msgid "Using `while let` makes this sequence much nicer:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This reads: \"while `let` destructures `optional` into\n" |
| " // `Some(i)`, evaluate the block (`{}`). Else `break`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "// ^ Less rightward drift and doesn't require\n" |
| " // explicitly handling the failing case.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "// ^ `if let` had additional optional `else`/`else if`\n" |
| " // clauses. `while let` does not have these.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/flow_control/while_let.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`enum`](../custom_types/enum.md), [`Option`](../std/option.md), and the " |
| "[RFC](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/214)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Functions are declared using the `fn` keyword. Its arguments are type " |
| "annotated, just like variables, and, if the function returns a value, the " |
| "return type must be specified after an arrow `->`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "The final expression in the function will be used as return value. " |
| "Alternatively, the `return` statement can be used to return a value earlier " |
| "from within the function, even from inside loops or `if` statements." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:11 |
| msgid "Let's rewrite FizzBuzz using functions!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Unlike C/C++, there's no restriction on the order of function " |
| "definitions\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:16 |
| msgid "// We can use this function here, and define it somewhere later\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:19 |
| msgid "// Function that returns a boolean value\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:22 |
| msgid "// Corner case, early return\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:27 |
| msgid "// This is an expression, the `return` keyword is not necessary here\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Functions that \"don't\" return a value, actually return the unit type " |
| "`()`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn.md:43 |
| msgid "" |
| "// When a function returns `()`, the return type can be omitted from the\n" |
| "// signature\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:1 |
| msgid "Associated functions & Methods" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Some functions are connected to a particular type. These come in two forms: " |
| "associated functions, and methods. Associated functions are functions that " |
| "are defined on a type generally, while methods are associated functions that " |
| "are called on a particular instance of a type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Implementation block, all `Point` associated functions & methods go in " |
| "here\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is an \"associated function\" because this function is associated " |
| "with\n" |
| " // a particular type, that is, Point.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // Associated functions don't need to be called with an instance.\n" |
| " // These functions are generally used like constructors.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:25 |
| msgid "// Another associated function, taking two arguments:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is a method\n" |
| " // `&self` is sugar for `self: &Self`, where `Self` is the type of the\n" |
| " // caller object. In this case `Self` = `Rectangle`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:41 |
| msgid "// `self` gives access to the struct fields via the dot operator\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `abs` is a `f64` method that returns the absolute value of the\n" |
| " // caller\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This method requires the caller object to be mutable\n" |
| " // `&mut self` desugars to `self: &mut Self`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:67 |
| msgid "// `Pair` owns resources: two heap allocated integers\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This method \"consumes\" the resources of the caller object\n" |
| " // `self` desugars to `self: Self`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:75 |
| msgid "// Destructure `self`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:78 |
| msgid "\"Destroying Pair({}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:80 |
| msgid "// `first` and `second` go out of scope and get freed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:86 |
| msgid "// Associated functions are called using double colons\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:91 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Methods are called using the dot operator\n" |
| " // Note that the first argument `&self` is implicitly passed, i.e.\n" |
| " // `rectangle.perimeter()` === `Rectangle::perimeter(&rectangle)`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:94 |
| msgid "\"Rectangle perimeter: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:95 |
| msgid "\"Rectangle area: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:102 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `rectangle` is immutable, but this method requires a mutable\n" |
| " // object\n" |
| " //rectangle.translate(1.0, 0.0);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:107 |
| msgid "// Okay! Mutable objects can call mutable methods\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/methods.md:114 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! Previous `destroy` call \"consumed\" `pair`\n" |
| " //pair.destroy();\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Closures are functions that can capture the enclosing environment. For " |
| "example, a closure that captures the `x` variable:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "The syntax and capabilities of closures make them very convenient for on the " |
| "fly usage. Calling a closure is exactly like calling a function. However, " |
| "both input and return types _can_ be inferred and input variable names " |
| "_must_ be specified." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:15 |
| msgid "Other characteristics of closures include:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:17 |
| msgid "using `||` instead of `()` around input variables." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "optional body delimitation (`{}`) for a single line expression (mandatory " |
| "otherwise)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:19 |
| msgid "the ability to capture the outer environment variables." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:25 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A regular function can't refer to variables in the enclosing environment\n" |
| " //fn function(i: i32) -> i32 { i + outer_var }\n" |
| " // TODO: uncomment the line above and see the compiler error. The " |
| "compiler\n" |
| " // suggests that we define a closure instead.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Closures are anonymous, here we are binding them to references.\n" |
| " // Annotation is identical to function annotation but is optional\n" |
| " // as are the `{}` wrapping the body. These nameless functions\n" |
| " // are assigned to appropriately named variables.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:37 |
| msgid "// Call the closures.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:38 |
| msgid "\"closure_annotated: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:39 |
| msgid "\"closure_inferred: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Once closure's type has been inferred, it cannot be inferred again with " |
| "another type.\n" |
| " //println!(\"cannot reuse closure_inferred with another type: {}\", " |
| "closure_inferred(42i64));\n" |
| " // TODO: uncomment the line above and see the compiler error.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A closure taking no arguments which returns an `i32`.\n" |
| " // The return type is inferred.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures.md:47 |
| msgid "\"closure returning one: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Closures are inherently flexible and will do what the functionality requires " |
| "to make the closure work without annotation. This allows capturing to " |
| "flexibly adapt to the use case, sometimes moving and sometimes borrowing. " |
| "Closures can capture variables:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:8 |
| msgid "by reference: `&T`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:9 |
| msgid "by mutable reference: `&mut T`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:10 |
| msgid "by value: `T`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "They preferentially capture variables by reference and only go lower when " |
| "required." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:19 |
| msgid "\"green\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A closure to print `color` which immediately borrows (`&`) `color` and\n" |
| " // stores the borrow and closure in the `print` variable. It will " |
| "remain\n" |
| " // borrowed until `print` is used the last time. \n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // `println!` only requires arguments by immutable reference so it " |
| "doesn't\n" |
| " // impose anything more restrictive.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:27 |
| msgid "\"`color`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:29 |
| msgid "// Call the closure using the borrow.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `color` can be borrowed immutably again, because the closure only holds\n" |
| " // an immutable reference to `color`. \n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:37 |
| msgid "// A move or reborrow is allowed after the final use of `print`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A closure to increment `count` could take either `&mut count` or `count`\n" |
| " // but `&mut count` is less restrictive so it takes that. Immediately\n" |
| " // borrows `count`.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // A `mut` is required on `inc` because a `&mut` is stored inside. " |
| "Thus,\n" |
| " // calling the closure mutates `count` which requires a `mut`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:50 |
| msgid "\"`count`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:53 |
| msgid "// Call the closure using a mutable borrow.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The closure still mutably borrows `count` because it is called later.\n" |
| " // An attempt to reborrow will lead to an error.\n" |
| " // let _reborrow = &count; \n" |
| " // ^ TODO: try uncommenting this line.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:62 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The closure no longer needs to borrow `&mut count`. Therefore, it is\n" |
| " // possible to reborrow without an error\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:67 |
| msgid "// A non-copy type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:70 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `mem::drop` requires `T` so this must take by value. A copy type\n" |
| " // would copy into the closure leaving the original untouched.\n" |
| " // A non-copy must move and so `movable` immediately moves into\n" |
| " // the closure.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:75 |
| msgid "\"`movable`: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:79 |
| msgid "// `consume` consumes the variable so this can only be called once.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:81 |
| msgid "" |
| "// consume();\n" |
| " // ^ TODO: Try uncommenting this line.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:86 |
| msgid "" |
| "Using `move` before vertical pipes forces closure to take ownership of " |
| "captured variables:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:91 |
| msgid "// `Vec` has non-copy semantics.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:99 |
| msgid "" |
| "// println!(\"There're {} elements in vec\", haystack.len());\n" |
| " // ^ Uncommenting above line will result in compile-time error\n" |
| " // because borrow checker doesn't allow re-using variable after it\n" |
| " // has been moved.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:104 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Removing `move` from closure's signature will cause closure\n" |
| " // to borrow _haystack_ variable immutably, hence _haystack_ is still\n" |
| " // available and uncommenting above line will not cause an error.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/capture.md:112 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Box`](../../std/box.md) and [`std::mem::drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/mem/fn.drop.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "While Rust chooses how to capture variables on the fly mostly without type " |
| "annotation, this ambiguity is not allowed when writing functions. When " |
| "taking a closure as an input parameter, the closure's complete type must be " |
| "annotated using one of a few `traits`, and they're determined by what the " |
| "closure does with captured value. In order of decreasing restriction, they " |
| "are:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:10 |
| msgid "`Fn`: the closure uses the captured value by reference (`&T`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "`FnMut`: the closure uses the captured value by mutable reference (`&mut T`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:12 |
| msgid "`FnOnce`: the closure uses the captured value by value (`T`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "On a variable-by-variable basis, the compiler will capture variables in the " |
| "least restrictive manner possible." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "For instance, consider a parameter annotated as `FnOnce`. This specifies " |
| "that the closure _may_ capture by `&T`, `&mut T`, or `T`, but the compiler " |
| "will ultimately choose based on how the captured variables are used in the " |
| "closure." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "This is because if a move is possible, then any type of borrow should also " |
| "be possible. Note that the reverse is not true. If the parameter is " |
| "annotated as `Fn`, then capturing variables by `&mut T` or `T` are not " |
| "allowed. However, `&T` is allowed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following example, try swapping the usage of `Fn`, `FnMut`, and " |
| "`FnOnce` to see what happens:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A function which takes a closure as an argument and calls it.\n" |
| "// <F> denotes that F is a \"Generic type parameter\"\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:34 |
| msgid "// The closure takes no input and returns nothing.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:36 |
| msgid "// ^ TODO: Try changing this to `Fn` or `FnMut`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:40 |
| msgid "// A function which takes a closure and returns an `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:43 |
| msgid "// The closure takes an `i32` and returns an `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A non-copy type.\n" |
| " // `to_owned` creates owned data from borrowed one\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:55 |
| msgid "\"goodbye\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Capture 2 variables: `greeting` by reference and\n" |
| " // `farewell` by value.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:60 |
| msgid "// `greeting` is by reference: requires `Fn`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:61 |
| msgid "\"I said {}.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:63 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Mutation forces `farewell` to be captured by\n" |
| " // mutable reference. Now requires `FnMut`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:65 |
| msgid "\"!!!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:66 |
| msgid "\"Then I screamed {}.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:67 |
| msgid "\"Now I can sleep. zzzzz\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:69 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Manually calling drop forces `farewell` to\n" |
| " // be captured by value. Now requires `FnOnce`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:74 |
| msgid "// Call the function which applies the closure.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:77 |
| msgid "// `double` satisfies `apply_to_3`'s trait bound\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:80 |
| msgid "\"3 doubled: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_parameters.md:86 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::mem::drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.drop.html), [`Fn`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html), [`FnMut`](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), [Generics](../../generics.md), " |
| "[where](../../generics/where.md) and [`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Closures succinctly capture variables from enclosing scopes. Does this have " |
| "any consequences? It surely does. Observe how using a closure as a function " |
| "parameter requires [generics](../../generics.md), which is necessary because " |
| "of how they are defined:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:9 |
| msgid "// `F` must be generic.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "When a closure is defined, the compiler implicitly creates a new anonymous " |
| "structure to store the captured variables inside, meanwhile implementing the " |
| "functionality via one of the `traits`: `Fn`, `FnMut`, or `FnOnce` for this " |
| "unknown type. This type is assigned to the variable which is stored until " |
| "calling." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since this new type is of unknown type, any usage in a function will require " |
| "generics. However, an unbounded type parameter `<T>` would still be " |
| "ambiguous and not be allowed. Thus, bounding by one of the `traits`: `Fn`, " |
| "`FnMut`, or `FnOnce` (which it implements) is sufficient to specify its type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `F` must implement `Fn` for a closure which takes no\n" |
| "// inputs and returns nothing - exactly what is required\n" |
| "// for `print`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Capture `x` into an anonymous type and implement\n" |
| " // `Fn` for it. Store it in `print`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/anonymity.md:49 |
| msgid "" |
| "[A thorough analysis](https://huonw.github.io/blog/2015/05/finding-closure-" |
| "in-rust/), [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html), [`FnMut`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and [`FnOnce`](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since closures may be used as arguments, you might wonder if the same can be " |
| "said about functions. And indeed they can! If you declare a function that " |
| "takes a closure as parameter, then any function that satisfies the trait " |
| "bound of that closure can be passed as a parameter." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a function which takes a generic `F` argument\n" |
| "// bounded by `Fn`, and calls it\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:14 |
| msgid "// Define a wrapper function satisfying the `Fn` bound\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:17 |
| msgid "\"I'm a function!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:21 |
| msgid "// Define a closure satisfying the `Fn` bound\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:22 |
| msgid "\"I'm a closure!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "As an additional note, the `Fn`, `FnMut`, and `FnOnce` `traits` dictate how " |
| "a closure captures variables from the enclosing scope." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/input_functions.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html), [`FnMut`](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and [`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Closures as input parameters are possible, so returning closures as output " |
| "parameters should also be possible. However, anonymous closure types are, by " |
| "definition, unknown, so we have to use `impl Trait` to return them." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:8 |
| msgid "The valid traits for returning a closure are:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:10 |
| msgid "`Fn`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:11 |
| msgid "`FnMut`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:12 |
| msgid "`FnOnce`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "Beyond this, the `move` keyword must be used, which signals that all " |
| "captures occur by value. This is required because any captures by reference " |
| "would be dropped as soon as the function exited, leaving invalid references " |
| "in the closure." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:21 |
| msgid "\"Fn\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:23 |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:29 |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:35 |
| msgid "\"This is a: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:27 |
| msgid "\"FnMut\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:33 |
| msgid "\"FnOnce\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/output_parameters.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html), [`FnMut`](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), [Generics](../../generics.md) " |
| "and [impl Trait](../../trait/impl_trait.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "This section contains a few examples of using closures from the `std` " |
| "library." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Iterator::any` is a function which when passed an iterator, will return " |
| "`true` if any element satisfies the predicate. Otherwise `false`. Its " |
| "signature:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:9 |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:9 |
| msgid "// The type being iterated over.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `any` takes `&mut self` meaning the caller may be borrowed\n" |
| " // and modified, but not consumed.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `FnMut` meaning any captured variable may at most be\n" |
| " // modified, not consumed. `Self::Item` states it takes\n" |
| " // arguments to the closure by value.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:27 |
| msgid "// `iter()` for vecs yields `&i32`. Destructure to `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:28 |
| msgid "\"2 in vec1: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:29 |
| msgid "// `into_iter()` for vecs yields `i32`. No destructuring required.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:30 |
| msgid "\"2 in vec2: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `iter()` only borrows `vec1` and its elements, so they can be used again\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:33 |
| msgid "\"vec1 len: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:34 |
| msgid "\"First element of vec1 is: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `into_iter()` does move `vec2` and its elements, so they cannot be used " |
| "again\n" |
| " // println!(\"First element of vec2 is: {}\", vec2[0]);\n" |
| " // println!(\"vec2 len: {}\", vec2.len());\n" |
| " // TODO: uncomment two lines above and see compiler errors.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:43 |
| msgid "// `iter()` for arrays yields `&i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:44 |
| msgid "\"2 in array1: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:45 |
| msgid "// `into_iter()` for arrays yields `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:46 |
| msgid "\"2 in array2: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_any.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::iter::Iterator::any`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." |
| "Iterator.html#method.any)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Iterator::find` is a function which iterates over an iterator and searches " |
| "for the first value which satisfies some condition. If none of the values " |
| "satisfy the condition, it returns `None`. Its signature:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `find` takes `&mut self` meaning the caller may be borrowed\n" |
| " // and modified, but not consumed.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `FnMut` meaning any captured variable may at most be\n" |
| " // modified, not consumed. `&Self::Item` states it takes\n" |
| " // arguments to the closure by reference.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:27 |
| msgid "// `iter()` for vecs yields `&i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:29 |
| msgid "// `into_iter()` for vecs yields `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `iter()` for vecs yields `&i32`, and we want to reference one of its\n" |
| " // items, so we have to destructure `&&i32` to `i32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:34 |
| msgid "\"Find 2 in vec1: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `into_iter()` for vecs yields `i32`, and we want to reference one of\n" |
| " // its items, so we have to destructure `&i32` to `i32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:37 |
| msgid "\"Find 2 in vec2: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:42 |
| msgid "// `iter()` for arrays yields `&&i32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:43 |
| msgid "\"Find 2 in array1: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:44 |
| msgid "// `into_iter()` for arrays yields `&i32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:45 |
| msgid "\"Find 2 in array2: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:49 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Iterator::find` gives you a reference to the item. But if you want the " |
| "_index_ of the item, use `Iterator::position`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `iter()` for vecs yields `&i32` and `position()` does not take a " |
| "reference, so\n" |
| " // we have to destructure `&i32` to `i32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:61 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `into_iter()` for vecs yields `i32` and `position()` does not take a " |
| "reference, so\n" |
| " // we do not have to destructure \n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:70 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::iter::Iterator::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." |
| "Iterator.html#method.find)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::iter::Iterator::find_map`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." |
| "Iterator.html#method.find_map)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:74 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::iter::Iterator::position`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." |
| "Iterator.html#method.position)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/closures/closure_examples/iter_find.md:76 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::iter::Iterator::rposition`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." |
| "Iterator.html#method.rposition)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides Higher Order Functions (HOF). These are functions that take " |
| "one or more functions and/or produce a more useful function. HOFs and lazy " |
| "iterators give Rust its functional flavor." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:13 |
| msgid "\"Find the sum of all the numbers with odd squares under 1000\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Imperative approach\n" |
| " // Declare accumulator variable\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:19 |
| msgid "// Iterate: 0, 1, 2, ... to infinity\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:21 |
| msgid "// Square the number\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:25 |
| msgid "// Break loop if exceeded the upper limit\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:28 |
| msgid "// Accumulate value, if it's odd\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:32 |
| msgid "\"imperative style: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:34 |
| msgid "// Functional approach\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:36 |
| msgid "// All natural numbers squared\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:37 |
| msgid "// Below upper limit\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:38 |
| msgid "// That are odd\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:39 |
| msgid "// Sum them\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:40 |
| msgid "\"functional style: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/hof.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Option](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/option/enum.Option.html) and " |
| "[Iterator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " |
| "implement their fair share of HOFs." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Diverging functions never return. They are marked using `!`, which is an " |
| "empty type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:7 src/fn/diverging.md:35 |
| msgid "\"This call never returns.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "As opposed to all the other types, this one cannot be instantiated, because " |
| "the set of all possible values this type can have is empty. Note that, it is " |
| "different from the `()` type, which has exactly one possible value." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "For example, this function returns as usual, although there is no " |
| "information in the return value." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:25 |
| msgid "\"This function returns and you can see this line.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "As opposed to this function, which will never return the control back to the " |
| "caller." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:36 |
| msgid "\"You will never see this line!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "Although this might seem like an abstract concept, it is actually very " |
| "useful and often handy. The main advantage of this type is that it can be " |
| "cast to any other type, making it versatile in situations where an exact " |
| "type is required, such as in match branches. This flexibility allows us to " |
| "write code like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Notice that the return type of this match expression must be u32\n" |
| " // because of the type of the \"addition\" variable.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:53 |
| msgid "// The \"i\" variable is of type u32, which is perfectly fine.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "// On the other hand, the \"continue\" expression does not return\n" |
| " // u32, but it is still fine, because it never returns and " |
| "therefore\n" |
| " // does not violate the type requirements of the match " |
| "expression.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:64 |
| msgid "\"Sum of odd numbers up to 9 (excluding): {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/fn/diverging.md:68 |
| msgid "" |
| "It is also the return type of functions that loop forever (e.g. `loop {}`) " |
| "like network servers or functions that terminate the process (e.g. `exit()`)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides a powerful module system that can be used to hierarchically " |
| "split code in logical units (modules), and manage visibility (public/" |
| "private) between them." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "A module is a collection of items: functions, structs, traits, `impl` " |
| "blocks, and even other modules." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "By default, the items in a module have private visibility, but this can be " |
| "overridden with the `pub` modifier. Only the public items of a module can be " |
| "accessed from outside the module scope." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:8 |
| msgid "// A module named `my_mod`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:10 |
| msgid "// Items in modules default to private visibility.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:12 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::private_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:15 |
| msgid "// Use the `pub` modifier to override default visibility.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:17 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Items can access other items in the same module,\n" |
| " // even when private.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:23 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::indirect_access()`, that\\n> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:27 |
| msgid "// Modules can also be nested\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:30 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::nested::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:35 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::nested::private_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Functions declared using `pub(in path)` syntax are only visible\n" |
| " // within the given path. `path` must be a parent or ancestor " |
| "module\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:41 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::nested::public_function_in_my_mod()`, that\\n> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Functions declared using `pub(self)` syntax are only visible within\n" |
| " // the current module, which is the same as leaving them private\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:48 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::nested::public_function_in_nested()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Functions declared using `pub(super)` syntax are only visible within\n" |
| " // the parent module\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:54 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::nested::public_function_in_super_mod()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:59 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::call_public_function_in_my_mod()`, that\\n> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:61 |
| msgid "\"> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:65 |
| msgid "// pub(crate) makes functions visible only within the current crate\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:67 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::public_function_in_crate()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:70 |
| msgid "// Nested modules follow the same rules for visibility\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:74 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::private_nested::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:77 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Private parent items will still restrict the visibility of a child item,\n" |
| " // even if it is declared as visible within a bigger scope.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:81 |
| msgid "\"called `my_mod::private_nested::restricted_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:87 src/mod/use.md:25 src/mod/super.md:8 |
| #: src/mod/split.md:24 |
| msgid "\"called `function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:91 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Modules allow disambiguation between items that have the same name.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:95 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Public items, including those inside nested modules, can be\n" |
| " // accessed from outside the parent module.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:101 |
| msgid "// pub(crate) items can be called from anywhere in the same crate\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:104 |
| msgid "" |
| "// pub(in path) items can only be called from within the module specified\n" |
| " // Error! function `public_function_in_my_mod` is private\n" |
| " //my_mod::nested::public_function_in_my_mod();\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:109 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Private items of a module cannot be directly accessed, even if\n" |
| " // nested in a public module:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:112 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `private_function` is private\n" |
| " //my_mod::private_function();\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:116 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `private_function` is private\n" |
| " //my_mod::nested::private_function();\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:120 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `private_nested` is a private module\n" |
| " //my_mod::private_nested::function();\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/visibility.md:124 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `private_nested` is a private module\n" |
| " //my_mod::private_nested::restricted_function();\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Structs have an extra level of visibility with their fields. The visibility " |
| "defaults to private, and can be overridden with the `pub` modifier. This " |
| "visibility only matters when a struct is accessed from outside the module " |
| "where it is defined, and has the goal of hiding information (encapsulation)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:10 |
| msgid "// A public struct with a public field of generic type `T`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:15 |
| msgid "// A public struct with a private field of generic type `T`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:21 |
| msgid "// A public constructor method\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:31 |
| msgid "// Public structs with public fields can be constructed as usual\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:32 |
| msgid "\"public information\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:34 |
| msgid "// and their fields can be normally accessed.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:35 |
| msgid "\"The open box contains: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Public structs with private fields cannot be constructed using field " |
| "names.\n" |
| " // Error! `ClosedBox` has private fields\n" |
| " //let closed_box = my::ClosedBox { contents: \"classified " |
| "information\" };\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// However, structs with private fields can be created using\n" |
| " // public constructors\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:44 |
| msgid "\"classified information\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// and the private fields of a public struct cannot be accessed.\n" |
| " // Error! The `contents` field is private\n" |
| " //println!(\"The closed box contains: {}\", _closed_box.contents);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/struct_visibility.md:55 |
| msgid "[generics](../generics.md) and [methods](../fn/methods.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `use` declaration can be used to bind a full path to a new name, for " |
| "easier access. It is often used like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:18 |
| msgid "You can use the `as` keyword to bind imports to a different name:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:21 |
| msgid "// Bind the `deeply::nested::function` path to `other_function`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:31 |
| msgid "\"called `deeply::nested::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:37 |
| msgid "// Easier access to `deeply::nested::function`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:40 |
| msgid "\"Entering block\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is equivalent to `use deeply::nested::function as function`.\n" |
| " // This `function()` will shadow the outer one.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `use` bindings have a local scope. In this case, the\n" |
| " // shadowing of `function()` is only in this block.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/use.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Leaving block\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `super` and `self` keywords can be used in the path to remove ambiguity " |
| "when accessing items and to prevent unnecessary hardcoding of paths." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:13 |
| msgid "\"called `cool::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:19 src/mod/split.md:49 |
| msgid "\"called `my::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:24 |
| msgid "\"called `my::cool::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:29 |
| msgid "// Let's access all the functions named `function` from this scope!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:30 |
| msgid "\"called `my::indirect_call()`, that\\n> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `self` keyword refers to the current module scope - in this case " |
| "`my`.\n" |
| " // Calling `self::function()` and calling `function()` directly both " |
| "give\n" |
| " // the same result, because they refer to the same function.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:38 |
| msgid "// We can also use `self` to access another module inside `my`:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `super` keyword refers to the parent scope (outside the `my` " |
| "module).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/super.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This will bind to the `cool::function` in the *crate* scope.\n" |
| " // In this case the crate scope is the outermost scope.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Modules can be mapped to a file/directory hierarchy. Let's break down the " |
| "[visibility example](visibility.md) in files:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:16 |
| msgid "In `split.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This declaration will look for a file named `my.rs` and will\n" |
| "// insert its contents inside a module named `my` under this scope\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:39 |
| msgid "In `my.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Similarly `mod inaccessible` and `mod nested` will locate the `nested." |
| "rs`\n" |
| "// and `inaccessible.rs` files and insert them here under their respective\n" |
| "// modules\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:53 |
| msgid "\"called `my::private_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:57 |
| msgid "\"called `my::indirect_access()`, that\\n> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:63 |
| msgid "In `my/nested.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:67 |
| msgid "\"called `my::nested::function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:72 |
| msgid "\"called `my::nested::private_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:76 |
| msgid "In `my/inaccessible.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:81 |
| msgid "\"called `my::inaccessible::public_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/mod/split.md:85 |
| msgid "Let's check that things still work as before:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A crate is a compilation unit in Rust. Whenever `rustc some_file.rs` is " |
| "called, `some_file.rs` is treated as the _crate file_. If `some_file.rs` has " |
| "`mod` declarations in it, then the contents of the module files would be " |
| "inserted in places where `mod` declarations in the crate file are found, " |
| "_before_ running the compiler over it. In other words, modules do _not_ get " |
| "compiled individually, only crates get compiled." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "A crate can be compiled into a binary or into a library. By default, `rustc` " |
| "will produce a binary from a crate. This behavior can be overridden by " |
| "passing the `--crate-type` flag to `lib`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/lib.md:3 |
| msgid "Let's create a library, and then see how to link it to another crate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/lib.md:5 |
| msgid "In `rary.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/lib.md:9 src/attribute/crate.md:19 |
| msgid "\"called rary's `public_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/lib.md:13 src/attribute/crate.md:23 |
| msgid "\"called rary's `private_function()`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/lib.md:17 src/attribute/crate.md:27 |
| msgid "\"called rary's `indirect_access()`, that\\n> \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/lib.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "Libraries get prefixed with \"lib\", and by default they get named after " |
| "their crate file, but this default name can be overridden by passing the `--" |
| "crate-name` option to `rustc` or by using the [`crate_name` attribute](../" |
| "attribute/crate.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/using_lib.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "To link a crate to this new library you may use `rustc`'s `--extern` flag. " |
| "All of its items will then be imported under a module named the same as the " |
| "library. This module generally behaves the same way as any other module." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/using_lib.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "// extern crate rary; // May be required for Rust 2015 edition or earlier\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/crates/using_lib.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `private_function` is private\n" |
| " //rary::private_function();\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "`cargo` is the official Rust package management tool. It has lots of really " |
| "useful features to improve code quality and developer velocity! These include" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Dependency management and integration with [crates.io](https://crates.io) " |
| "(the official Rust package registry)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo.md:8 |
| msgid "Awareness of unit tests" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo.md:9 |
| msgid "Awareness of benchmarks" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "This chapter will go through some quick basics, but you can find the " |
| "comprehensive docs in [The Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Most programs have dependencies on some libraries. If you have ever managed " |
| "dependencies by hand, you know how much of a pain this can be. Luckily, the " |
| "Rust ecosystem comes standard with `cargo`! `cargo` can manage dependencies " |
| "for a project." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:8 |
| msgid "To create a new Rust project," |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:11 |
| msgid "# A binary\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:13 |
| msgid "# A library\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "For the rest of this chapter, let's assume we are making a binary, rather " |
| "than a library, but all of the concepts are the same." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:21 |
| msgid "After the above commands, you should see a file hierarchy like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `main.rs` is the root source file for your new `foo` project -- nothing " |
| "new there. The `Cargo.toml` is the config file for `cargo` for this project. " |
| "If you look inside it, you should see something like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "```toml\n" |
| "[package]\n" |
| "name = \"foo\"\n" |
| "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" |
| "authors = [\"mark\"]\n" |
| "\n" |
| "[dependencies]\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `name` field under `[package]` determines the name of the project. This " |
| "is used by `crates.io` if you publish the crate (more later). It is also the " |
| "name of the output binary when you compile." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `version` field is a crate version number using [Semantic Versioning]" |
| "(http://semver.org/)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `authors` field is a list of authors used when publishing the crate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `[dependencies]` section lets you add dependencies for your project." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "For example, suppose that we want our program to have a great CLI. You can " |
| "find lots of great packages on [crates.io](https://crates.io) (the official " |
| "Rust package registry). One popular choice is [clap](https://crates.io/" |
| "crates/clap). As of this writing, the most recent published version of " |
| "`clap` is `2.27.1`. To add a dependency to our program, we can simply add " |
| "the following to our `Cargo.toml` under `[dependencies]`: `clap = " |
| "\"2.27.1\"`. And that's it! You can start using `clap` in your program." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:67 |
| msgid "" |
| "`cargo` also supports [other types of dependencies](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/cargo/reference/specifying-dependencies.html). Here is just a small " |
| "sampling:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:70 |
| msgid "" |
| "```toml\n" |
| "[package]\n" |
| "name = \"foo\"\n" |
| "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" |
| "authors = [\"mark\"]\n" |
| "\n" |
| "[dependencies]\n" |
| "clap = \"2.27.1\" # from crates.io\n" |
| "rand = { git = \"https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rand\" } # from online " |
| "repo\n" |
| "bar = { path = \"../bar\" } # from a path in the local filesystem\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:82 |
| msgid "" |
| "`cargo` is more than a dependency manager. All of the available " |
| "configuration options are listed in the [format specification](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html) of `Cargo.toml`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:86 |
| msgid "" |
| "To build our project we can execute `cargo build` anywhere in the project " |
| "directory (including subdirectories!). We can also do `cargo run` to build " |
| "and run. Notice that these commands will resolve all dependencies, download " |
| "crates if needed, and build everything, including your crate. (Note that it " |
| "only rebuilds what it has not already built, similar to `make`)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/deps.md:92 |
| msgid "Voila! That's all there is to it!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/conventions.md:3 |
| msgid "In the previous chapter, we saw the following directory hierarchy:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/conventions.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "Suppose that we wanted to have two binaries in the same project, though. " |
| "What then?" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/conventions.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "It turns out that `cargo` supports this. The default binary name is `main`, " |
| "as we saw before, but you can add additional binaries by placing them in a " |
| "`bin/` directory:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/conventions.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "To tell `cargo` to only compile or run this binary, we just pass `cargo` the " |
| "`--bin my_other_bin` flag, where `my_other_bin` is the name of the binary we " |
| "want to work with." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/conventions.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "In addition to extra binaries, `cargo` supports [more features](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/cargo/guide/project-layout.html) such as benchmarks, tests, " |
| "and examples." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/conventions.md:35 |
| msgid "In the next chapter, we will look more closely at tests." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "As we know testing is integral to any piece of software! Rust has first-" |
| "class support for unit and integration testing ([see this chapter](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch11-00-testing.html) in TRPL)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "From the testing chapters linked above, we see how to write unit tests and " |
| "integration tests. Organizationally, we can place unit tests in the modules " |
| "they test and integration tests in their own `tests/` directory:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Each file in `tests` is a separate [integration test](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/book/ch11-03-test-organization.html#integration-tests), i.e. a test that " |
| "is meant to test your library as if it were being called from a dependent " |
| "crate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [Testing](../testing.md) chapter elaborates on the three different " |
| "testing styles: [Unit](../testing/unit_testing.md), [Doc](../testing/" |
| "doc_testing.md), and [Integration](../testing/integration_testing.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:30 |
| msgid "`cargo` naturally provides an easy way to run all of your tests!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:36 |
| msgid "You should see output like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ cargo test\n" |
| " Compiling blah v0.1.0 (file:///nobackup/blah)\n" |
| " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.89 secs\n" |
| " Running target/debug/deps/blah-d3b32b97275ec472\n" |
| "\n" |
| "running 4 tests\n" |
| "test test_bar ... ok\n" |
| "test test_baz ... ok\n" |
| "test test_foo_bar ... ok\n" |
| "test test_foo ... ok\n" |
| "\n" |
| "test result: ok. 4 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:53 |
| msgid "You can also run tests whose name matches a pattern:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ cargo test test_foo\n" |
| " Compiling blah v0.1.0 (file:///nobackup/blah)\n" |
| " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.35 secs\n" |
| " Running target/debug/deps/blah-d3b32b97275ec472\n" |
| "\n" |
| "running 2 tests\n" |
| "test test_foo ... ok\n" |
| "test test_foo_bar ... ok\n" |
| "\n" |
| "test result: ok. 2 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 2 filtered out\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "One word of caution: Cargo may run multiple tests concurrently, so make sure " |
| "that they don't race with each other." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "One example of this concurrency causing issues is if two tests output to a " |
| "file, such as below:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:81 |
| msgid "// Import the necessary modules\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:85 |
| msgid "// This test writes to a file\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:88 src/cargo/test.md:105 |
| msgid "// Opens the file ferris.txt or creates one if it doesn't exist.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:92 src/cargo/test.md:109 |
| msgid "\"ferris.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:93 src/cargo/test.md:110 |
| msgid "\"Failed to open ferris.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:95 |
| msgid "// Print \"Ferris\" 5 times.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:97 |
| msgid "\"Ferris\\n\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:98 src/cargo/test.md:115 |
| msgid "\"Could not write to ferris.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:102 |
| msgid "// This test tries to write to the same file\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:112 |
| msgid "// Print \"Corro\" 5 times.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:114 |
| msgid "\"Corro\\n\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:121 |
| msgid "Although the intent is to get the following:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/test.md:137 |
| msgid "What actually gets put into `ferris.txt` is this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes a normal build from `cargo` is not enough. Perhaps your crate " |
| "needs some pre-requisites before `cargo` will successfully compile, things " |
| "like code generation, or some native code that needs to be compiled. To " |
| "solve this problem we have build scripts that Cargo can run." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "To add a build script to your package it can either be specified in the " |
| "`Cargo.toml` as follows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "```toml\n" |
| "[package]\n" |
| "...\n" |
| "build = \"build.rs\"\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "Otherwise Cargo will look for a `build.rs` file in the project directory by " |
| "default." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:20 |
| msgid "How to use a build script" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "The build script is simply another Rust file that will be compiled and " |
| "invoked prior to compiling anything else in the package. Hence it can be " |
| "used to fulfill pre-requisites of your crate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "Cargo provides the script with inputs via environment variables [specified " |
| "here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/environment-variables." |
| "html#environment-variables-cargo-sets-for-build-scripts) that can be used." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "The script provides output via stdout. All lines printed are written to " |
| "`target/debug/build/<pkg>/output`. Further, lines prefixed with `cargo:` " |
| "will be interpreted by Cargo directly and hence can be used to define " |
| "parameters for the package's compilation." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/cargo/build_scripts.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "For further specification and examples have a read of the [Cargo " |
| "specification](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "An attribute is metadata applied to some module, crate or item. This " |
| "metadata can be used to/for:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:8 |
| msgid "[conditional compilation of code](attribute/cfg.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "[set crate name, version and type (binary or library)](attribute/crate.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "disable [lints](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lint_%28software%29) (warnings)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:11 |
| msgid "enable compiler features (macros, glob imports, etc.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:12 |
| msgid "link to a foreign library" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:13 |
| msgid "mark functions as unit tests" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:14 |
| msgid "mark functions that will be part of a benchmark" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "[attribute like macros](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros." |
| "html#attribute-like-macros)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "Attributes look like `#[outer_attribute]` or `#![inner_attribute]`, with the " |
| "difference between them being where they apply." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "`#[outer_attribute]` applies to the [item](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/" |
| "reference/items.html) immediately following it. Some examples of items are: " |
| "a function, a module declaration, a constant, a structure, an enum. Here is " |
| "an example where attribute `#[derive(Debug)]` applies to the struct " |
| "`Rectangle`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "`#![inner_attribute]` applies to the enclosing [item](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/stable/reference/items.html) (typically a module or a crate). In other " |
| "words, this attribute is interpreted as applying to the entire scope in " |
| "which it's placed. Here is an example where `#![allow(unused_variables)]` " |
| "applies to the whole crate (if placed in `main.rs`):" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:44 |
| msgid "// This would normally warn about an unused variable.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:48 |
| msgid "Attributes can take arguments with different syntaxes:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:50 |
| msgid "`#[attribute = \"value\"]`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:51 |
| msgid "`#[attribute(key = \"value\")]`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:52 |
| msgid "`#[attribute(value)]`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute.md:54 |
| msgid "" |
| "Attributes can have multiple values and can be separated over multiple " |
| "lines, too:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/unused.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The compiler provides a `dead_code` [_lint_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Lint_%28software%29) that will warn about unused functions. An _attribute_ " |
| "can be used to disable the lint." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/unused.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `#[allow(dead_code)]` is an attribute that disables the `dead_code` lint\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/unused.md:14 |
| msgid "// FIXME ^ Add an attribute to suppress the warning\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/unused.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that in real programs, you should eliminate dead code. In these " |
| "examples we'll allow dead code in some places because of the interactive " |
| "nature of the examples." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `crate_type` attribute can be used to tell the compiler whether a crate " |
| "is a binary or a library (and even which type of library), and the " |
| "`crate_name` attribute can be used to set the name of the crate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "However, it is important to note that both the `crate_type` and `crate_name` " |
| "attributes have **no** effect whatsoever when using Cargo, the Rust package " |
| "manager. Since Cargo is used for the majority of Rust projects, this means " |
| "real-world uses of `crate_type` and `crate_name` are relatively limited." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:13 |
| msgid "// This crate is a library\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:14 |
| msgid "\"lib\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:14 |
| msgid "// The library is named \"rary\"\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:16 |
| msgid "\"rary\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/crate.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "When the `crate_type` attribute is used, we no longer need to pass the `--" |
| "crate-type` flag to `rustc`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Configuration conditional checks are possible through two different " |
| "operators:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:5 |
| msgid "the `cfg` attribute: `#[cfg(...)]` in attribute position" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:6 |
| msgid "the `cfg!` macro: `cfg!(...)` in boolean expressions" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "While the former enables conditional compilation, the latter conditionally " |
| "evaluates to `true` or `false` literals allowing for checks at run-time. " |
| "Both utilize identical argument syntax." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "`cfg!`, unlike `#[cfg]`, does not remove any code and only evaluates to true " |
| "or false. For example, all blocks in an if/else expression need to be valid " |
| "when `cfg!` is used for the condition, regardless of what `cfg!` is " |
| "evaluating." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:15 |
| msgid "// This function only gets compiled if the target OS is linux\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:16 src/attribute/cfg.md:22 src/attribute/cfg.md:31 |
| msgid "\"linux\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:18 |
| msgid "\"You are running linux!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// And this function only gets compiled if the target OS is *not* linux\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:24 |
| msgid "\"You are *not* running linux!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:30 |
| msgid "\"Are you sure?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:32 |
| msgid "\"Yes. It's definitely linux!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:34 |
| msgid "\"Yes. It's definitely *not* linux!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "[the reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/attributes." |
| "html#conditional-compilation), [`cfg!`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro." |
| "cfg!.html), and [macros](../macros.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg/custom.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Some conditionals like `target_os` are implicitly provided by `rustc`, but " |
| "custom conditionals must be passed to `rustc` using the `--cfg` flag." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg/custom.md:9 |
| msgid "\"condition met!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg/custom.md:17 |
| msgid "Try to run this to see what happens without the custom `cfg` flag." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/attribute/cfg/custom.md:19 |
| msgid "With the custom `cfg` flag:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "_Generics_ is the topic of generalizing types and functionalities to broader " |
| "cases. This is extremely useful for reducing code duplication in many ways, " |
| "but can call for rather involved syntax. Namely, being generic requires " |
| "taking great care to specify over which types a generic type is actually " |
| "considered valid. The simplest and most common use of generics is for type " |
| "parameters." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "A type parameter is specified as generic by the use of angle brackets and " |
| "upper [camel case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CamelCase): `<Aaa, Bbb, ..." |
| ">`. \"Generic type parameters\" are typically represented as `<T>`. In Rust, " |
| "\"generic\" also describes anything that accepts one or more generic type " |
| "parameters `<T>`. Any type specified as a generic type parameter is generic, " |
| "and everything else is concrete (non-generic)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "For example, defining a _generic function_ named `foo` that takes an " |
| "argument `T` of any type:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "Because `T` has been specified as a generic type parameter using `<T>`, it " |
| "is considered generic when used here as `(arg: T)`. This is the case even if " |
| "`T` has previously been defined as a `struct`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:27 |
| msgid "This example shows some of the syntax in action:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:30 |
| msgid "// A concrete type `A`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// In defining the type `Single`, the first use of `A` is not preceded by " |
| "`<A>`.\n" |
| "// Therefore, `Single` is a concrete type, and `A` is defined as above.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:35 |
| msgid "// ^ Here is `Single`s first use of the type `A`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here, `<T>` precedes the first use of `T`, so `SingleGen` is a generic " |
| "type.\n" |
| "// Because the type parameter `T` is generic, it could be anything, " |
| "including\n" |
| "// the concrete type `A` defined at the top.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:44 |
| msgid "// `Single` is concrete and explicitly takes `A`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:47 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Create a variable `_char` of type `SingleGen<char>`\n" |
| " // and give it the value `SingleGen('a')`.\n" |
| " // Here, `SingleGen` has a type parameter explicitly specified.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:52 |
| msgid "// `SingleGen` can also have a type parameter implicitly specified:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:53 |
| msgid "// Uses `A` defined at the top.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:54 |
| msgid "// Uses `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:55 |
| msgid "// Uses `char`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics.md:61 |
| msgid "[`structs`](custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The same set of rules can be applied to functions: a type `T` becomes " |
| "generic when preceded by `<T>`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Using generic functions sometimes requires explicitly specifying type " |
| "parameters. This may be the case if the function is called where the return " |
| "type is generic, or if the compiler doesn't have enough information to infer " |
| "the necessary type parameters." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "A function call with explicitly specified type parameters looks like: `fun::" |
| "<A, B, ...>()`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:15 |
| msgid "// Concrete type `A`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:16 |
| msgid "// Concrete type `S`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:17 |
| msgid "// Generic type `SGen`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The following functions all take ownership of the variable passed into\n" |
| "// them and immediately go out of scope, freeing the variable.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a function `reg_fn` that takes an argument `_s` of type `S`.\n" |
| "// This has no `<T>` so this is not a generic function.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:25 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a function `gen_spec_t` that takes an argument `_s` of type " |
| "`SGen<T>`.\n" |
| "// It has been explicitly given the type parameter `A`, but because `A` has " |
| "not \n" |
| "// been specified as a generic type parameter for `gen_spec_t`, it is not " |
| "generic.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a function `gen_spec_i32` that takes an argument `_s` of type " |
| "`SGen<i32>`.\n" |
| "// It has been explicitly given the type parameter `i32`, which is a " |
| "specific type.\n" |
| "// Because `i32` is not a generic type, this function is also not generic.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a function `generic` that takes an argument `_s` of type " |
| "`SGen<T>`.\n" |
| "// Because `SGen<T>` is preceded by `<T>`, this function is generic over " |
| "`T`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:41 |
| msgid "// Using the non-generic functions\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:42 |
| msgid "// Concrete type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:43 |
| msgid "// Implicitly specified type parameter `A`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:44 |
| msgid "// Implicitly specified type parameter `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:46 |
| msgid "// Explicitly specified type parameter `char` to `generic()`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:49 |
| msgid "// Implicitly specified type parameter `char` to `generic()`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:50 |
| msgid "'c'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_fn.md:56 |
| msgid "[functions](../fn.md) and [`struct`s](../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:3 |
| msgid "Similar to functions, implementations require care to remain generic." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:6 |
| msgid "// Concrete type `S`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:7 |
| msgid "// Generic type `GenericVal`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:8 |
| msgid "// impl of GenericVal where we explicitly specify type parameters:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:10 |
| msgid "// Specify `f32`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:11 |
| msgid "// Specify `S` as defined above\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:12 |
| msgid "// `<T>` Must precede the type to remain generic\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:25 |
| msgid "// impl of Val\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:32 |
| msgid "// impl of GenVal for a generic type `T`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/impl.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "[functions returning references](../scope/lifetime/fn.md), [`impl`](../fn/" |
| "methods.md), and [`struct`](../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Of course `trait`s can also be generic. Here we define one which " |
| "reimplements the `Drop` `trait` as a generic method to `drop` itself and an " |
| "input." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:7 |
| msgid "// Non-copyable types.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:10 |
| msgid "// A trait generic over `T`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a method on the caller type which takes an\n" |
| " // additional single parameter `T` and does nothing with it.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Implement `DoubleDrop<T>` for any generic parameter `T` and\n" |
| "// caller `U`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This method takes ownership of both passed arguments,\n" |
| " // deallocating both.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:30 |
| msgid "// Deallocate `empty` and `null`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "//empty;\n" |
| " //null;\n" |
| " // ^ TODO: Try uncommenting these lines.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/gen_trait.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html), [`struct`](../" |
| "custom_types/structs.md), and [`trait`](../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "When working with generics, the type parameters often must use traits as " |
| "_bounds_ to stipulate what functionality a type implements. For example, the " |
| "following example uses the trait `Display` to print and so it requires `T` " |
| "to be bound by `Display`; that is, `T` _must_ implement `Display`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a function `printer` that takes a generic type `T` which\n" |
| "// must implement trait `Display`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "Bounding restricts the generic to types that conform to the bounds. That is:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `Vec<T>` does not implement `Display`. This\n" |
| "// specialization will fail.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "Another effect of bounding is that generic instances are allowed to access " |
| "the [methods](../fn/methods.md) of traits specified in the bounds. For " |
| "example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:30 |
| msgid "// A trait which implements the print marker: `{:?}`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The generic `T` must implement `Debug`. Regardless\n" |
| "// of the type, this will work properly.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `T` must implement `HasArea`. Any type which meets\n" |
| "// the bound can access `HasArea`'s function `area`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:61 |
| msgid "\"Area: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:63 |
| msgid "" |
| "//print_debug(&_triangle);\n" |
| " //println!(\"Area: {}\", area(&_triangle));\n" |
| " // ^ TODO: Try uncommenting these.\n" |
| " // | Error: Does not implement either `Debug` or `HasArea`. \n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:70 |
| msgid "" |
| "As an additional note, [`where`](../generics/where.md) clauses can also be " |
| "used to apply bounds in some cases to be more expressive." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::fmt`](../hello/print.md), [`struct`s](../custom_types/structs.md), " |
| "and [`trait`s](../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A consequence of how bounds work is that even if a `trait` doesn't include " |
| "any functionality, you can still use it as a bound. `Eq` and `Copy` are " |
| "examples of such `trait`s from the `std` library." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// These functions are only valid for types which implement these\n" |
| "// traits. The fact that the traits are empty is irrelevant.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:20 |
| msgid "\"red\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:21 |
| msgid "\"blue\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `red()` won't work on a blue jay nor vice versa\n" |
| " // because of the bounds.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:30 |
| msgid "\"A cardinal is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:31 |
| msgid "\"A blue jay is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "//println!(\"A turkey is {}\", red(&_turkey));\n" |
| " // ^ TODO: Try uncommenting this line.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/bounds/testcase_empty.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`std::cmp::Eq`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cmp/trait.Eq.html), [`std::" |
| "marker::Copy`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Copy.html), and " |
| "[`trait`s](../../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Multiple bounds for a single type can be applied with a `+`. Like normal, " |
| "different types are separated with `,`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:10 |
| msgid "\"Debug: `{:?}`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:11 |
| msgid "\"Display: `{}`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:15 |
| msgid "\"t: `{:?}`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:16 |
| msgid "\"u: `{:?}`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:20 |
| msgid "\"words\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:25 |
| msgid "" |
| "//compare_prints(&array);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/multi_bounds.md:34 |
| msgid "[`std::fmt`](../hello/print.md) and [`trait`s](../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A bound can also be expressed using a `where` clause immediately before the " |
| "opening `{`, rather than at the type's first mention. Additionally, `where` " |
| "clauses can apply bounds to arbitrary types, rather than just to type " |
| "parameters." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:8 |
| msgid "Some cases that a `where` clause is useful:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:10 |
| msgid "When specifying generic types and bounds separately is clearer:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:14 |
| msgid "// Expressing bounds with a `where` clause\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "When using a `where` clause is more expressive than using normal syntax. The " |
| "`impl` in this example cannot be directly expressed without a `where` clause:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Because we would otherwise have to express this as `T: Debug` or \n" |
| "// use another method of indirect approach, this requires a `where` clause:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "// We want `Option<T>: Debug` as our bound because that is what's\n" |
| " // being printed. Doing otherwise would be using the wrong bound.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/where.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "[RFC](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0135-where.md), " |
| "[`struct`](../custom_types/structs.md), and [`trait`](../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `newtype` idiom gives compile time guarantees that the right type of " |
| "value is supplied to a program." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "For example, an age verification function that checks age in years, _must_ " |
| "be given a value of type `Years`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:21 |
| msgid "/// truncates partial years\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:34 src/generics/new_types.md:35 |
| msgid "\"Is an adult? {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:36 |
| msgid "// println!(\"Is an adult? {}\", is_adult(&age_days));\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "Uncomment the last print statement to observe that the type supplied must be " |
| "`Years`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "To obtain the `newtype`'s value as the base type, you may use the tuple or " |
| "destructuring syntax like so:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:49 |
| msgid "// Tuple\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:50 |
| msgid "// Destructuring\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/new_types.md:56 |
| msgid "[`structs`](../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"Associated Items\" refers to a set of rules pertaining to [`item`](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items.html)s of various types. It is an " |
| "extension to `trait` generics, and allows `trait`s to internally define new " |
| "items." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "One such item is called an _associated type_, providing simpler usage " |
| "patterns when the `trait` is generic over its container type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "[RFC](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0195-associated-" |
| "items.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `trait` that is generic over its container type has type specification " |
| "requirements - users of the `trait` _must_ specify all of its generic types." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the example below, the `Contains` `trait` allows the use of the generic " |
| "types `A` and `B`. The trait is then implemented for the `Container` type, " |
| "specifying `i32` for `A` and `B` so that it can be used with `fn " |
| "difference()`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "Because `Contains` is generic, we are forced to explicitly state _all_ of " |
| "the generic types for `fn difference()`. In practice, we want a way to " |
| "express that `A` and `B` are determined by the _input_ `C`. As you will see " |
| "in the next section, associated types provide exactly that capability." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:17 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A trait which checks if 2 items are stored inside of container.\n" |
| "// Also retrieves first or last value.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:21 |
| msgid "// Explicitly requires `A` and `B`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:22 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:23 |
| msgid "// Doesn't explicitly require `A` or `B`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:27 |
| msgid "// True if the numbers stored are equal.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:32 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:60 |
| msgid "// Grab the first number.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:35 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:63 |
| msgid "// Grab the last number.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `C` contains `A` and `B`. In light of that, having to express `A` and\n" |
| "// `B` again is a nuisance.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:52 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:77 |
| msgid "\"Does container contain {} and {}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:55 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:80 |
| msgid "\"First number: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:56 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:81 |
| msgid "\"Last number: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:58 |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:83 |
| msgid "\"The difference is: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/the_problem.md:64 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`struct`s](../../custom_types/structs.md), and [`trait`s](../../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The use of \"Associated types\" improves the overall readability of code by " |
| "moving inner types locally into a trait as _output_ types. Syntax for the " |
| "`trait` definition is as follows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `A` and `B` are defined in the trait via the `type` keyword.\n" |
| "// (Note: `type` in this context is different from `type` when used for\n" |
| "// aliases).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:15 |
| msgid "// Updated syntax to refer to these new types generically.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that functions that use the `trait` `Contains` are no longer required " |
| "to express `A` or `B` at all:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:24 |
| msgid "// Without using associated types\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:27 |
| msgid "// Using associated types\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "Let's rewrite the example from the previous section using associated types:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:40 |
| msgid "// Define generic types here which methods will be able to utilize.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Specify what types `A` and `B` are. If the `input` type\n" |
| " // is `Container(i32, i32)`, the `output` types are determined\n" |
| " // as `i32` and `i32`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/assoc_items/types.md:56 |
| msgid "// `&Self::A` and `&Self::B` are also valid here.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A phantom type parameter is one that doesn't show up at runtime, but is " |
| "checked statically (and only) at compile time." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Data types can use extra generic type parameters to act as markers or to " |
| "perform type checking at compile time. These extra parameters hold no " |
| "storage values, and have no runtime behavior." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following example, we combine [std::marker::PhantomData](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/std/marker/struct.PhantomData.html) with the phantom type " |
| "parameter concept to create tuples containing different data types." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A phantom tuple struct which is generic over `A` with hidden parameter " |
| "`B`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:18 src/generics/phantom.md:22 |
| msgid "// Allow equality test for this type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A phantom type struct which is generic over `A` with hidden parameter " |
| "`B`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Note: Storage is allocated for generic type `A`, but not for `B`.\n" |
| "// Therefore, `B` cannot be used in computations.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here, `f32` and `f64` are the hidden parameters.\n" |
| " // PhantomTuple type specified as `<char, f32>`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:31 src/generics/phantom.md:33 |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:37 src/generics/phantom.md:42 |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:12 |
| msgid "'Q'" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:32 |
| msgid "// PhantomTuple type specified as `<char, f64>`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:35 |
| msgid "// Type specified as `<char, f32>`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:40 |
| msgid "// Type specified as `<char, f64>`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Compile-time Error! Type mismatch so these cannot be compared:\n" |
| " // println!(\"_tuple1 == _tuple2 yields: {}\",\n" |
| " // _tuple1 == _tuple2);\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Compile-time Error! Type mismatch so these cannot be compared:\n" |
| " // println!(\"_struct1 == _struct2 yields: {}\",\n" |
| " // _struct1 == _struct2);\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Derive](../trait/derive.md), [struct](../custom_types/structs.md), and " |
| "[TupleStructs](../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A useful method of unit conversions can be examined by implementing `Add` " |
| "with a phantom type parameter. The `Add` `trait` is examined below:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This construction would impose: `Self + RHS = Output`\n" |
| "// where RHS defaults to Self if not specified in the implementation.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:14 |
| msgid "// `Output` must be `T<U>` so that `T<U> + T<U> = T<U>`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:22 |
| msgid "The whole implementation:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:27 |
| msgid "/// Create void enumerations to define unit types.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "/// `Length` is a type with phantom type parameter `Unit`,\n" |
| "/// and is not generic over the length type (that is `f64`).\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// `f64` already implements the `Clone` and `Copy` traits.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:40 |
| msgid "/// The `Add` trait defines the behavior of the `+` operator.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:45 |
| msgid "// add() returns a new `Length` struct containing the sum.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:47 |
| msgid "// `+` calls the `Add` implementation for `f64`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:53 |
| msgid "// Specifies `one_foot` to have phantom type parameter `Inch`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:55 |
| msgid "// `one_meter` has phantom type parameter `Mm`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `+` calls the `add()` method we implemented for `Length<Unit>`.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // Since `Length` implements `Copy`, `add()` does not consume\n" |
| " // `one_foot` and `one_meter` but copies them into `self` and `rhs`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:65 |
| msgid "// Addition works.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:66 |
| msgid "\"one foot + one_foot = {:?} in\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:67 |
| msgid "\"one meter + one_meter = {:?} mm\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:69 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Nonsensical operations fail as they should:\n" |
| " // Compile-time Error: type mismatch.\n" |
| " //let one_feter = one_foot + one_meter;\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/generics/phantom/testcase_units.md:77 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Borrowing (`&`)](../../scope/borrow.md), [Bounds (`X: Y`)](../../generics/" |
| "bounds.md), [enum](../../custom_types/enum.md), [impl & self](../../fn/" |
| "methods.md), [Overloading](../../trait/ops.md), [ref](../../scope/borrow/ref." |
| "md), [Traits (`X for Y`)](../../trait.md), and [TupleStructs](../../" |
| "custom_types/structs.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Scopes play an important part in ownership, borrowing, and lifetimes. That " |
| "is, they indicate to the compiler when borrows are valid, when resources can " |
| "be freed, and when variables are created or destroyed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Variables in Rust do more than just hold data in the stack: they also _own_ " |
| "resources, e.g. `Box<T>` owns memory in the heap. Rust enforces [RAII]" |
| "(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Acquisition_Is_Initialization) " |
| "(Resource Acquisition Is Initialization), so whenever an object goes out of " |
| "scope, its destructor is called and its owned resources are freed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "This behavior shields against _resource leak_ bugs, so you'll never have to " |
| "manually free memory or worry about memory leaks again! Here's a quick " |
| "showcase:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:12 |
| msgid "// raii.rs\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:14 src/scope/raii.md:21 src/scope/raii.md:26 |
| msgid "// Allocate an integer on the heap\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:17 |
| msgid "// `_box1` is destroyed here, and memory gets freed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:24 |
| msgid "// A nested scope:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:29 |
| msgid "// `_box3` is destroyed here, and memory gets freed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Creating lots of boxes just for fun\n" |
| " // There's no need to manually free memory!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:38 |
| msgid "// `_box2` is destroyed here, and memory gets freed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "Of course, we can double check for memory errors using [`valgrind`](http://" |
| "valgrind.org/info/):" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:65 |
| msgid "No leaks here!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:67 |
| msgid "Destructor" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:69 |
| msgid "" |
| "The notion of a destructor in Rust is provided through the [`Drop`](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) trait. The destructor is called " |
| "when the resource goes out of scope. This trait is not required to be " |
| "implemented for every type, only implement it for your type if you require " |
| "its own destructor logic." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:74 |
| msgid "" |
| "Run the below example to see how the [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "ops/trait.Drop.html) trait works. When the variable in the `main` function " |
| "goes out of scope the custom destructor will be invoked." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:82 |
| msgid "\"ToDrop is being dropped\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:88 |
| msgid "\"Made a ToDrop!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/raii.md:94 |
| msgid "[Box](../std/box.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Because variables are in charge of freeing their own resources, **resources " |
| "can only have one owner**. This prevents resources from being freed more " |
| "than once. Note that not all variables own resources (e.g. [references](../" |
| "flow_control/match/destructuring/destructure_pointers.md))." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "When doing assignments (`let x = y`) or passing function arguments by value " |
| "(`foo(x)`), the _ownership_ of the resources is transferred. In Rust-speak, " |
| "this is known as a _move_." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "After moving resources, the previous owner can no longer be used. This " |
| "avoids creating dangling pointers." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:16 |
| msgid "// This function takes ownership of the heap allocated memory\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:18 |
| msgid "\"Destroying a box that contains {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:20 |
| msgid "// `c` is destroyed and the memory freed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:24 |
| msgid "// _Stack_ allocated integer\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:27 |
| msgid "// *Copy* `x` into `y` - no resources are moved\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:30 |
| msgid "// Both values can be independently used\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:31 |
| msgid "\"x is {}, and y is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:33 |
| msgid "// `a` is a pointer to a _heap_ allocated integer\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:36 |
| msgid "\"a contains: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:38 |
| msgid "// *Move* `a` into `b`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The pointer address of `a` is copied (not the data) into `b`.\n" |
| " // Both are now pointers to the same heap allocated data, but\n" |
| " // `b` now owns it.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `a` can no longer access the data, because it no longer owns the\n" |
| " // heap memory\n" |
| " //println!(\"a contains: {}\", a);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:49 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This function takes ownership of the heap allocated memory from `b`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Since the heap memory has been freed at this point, this action would\n" |
| " // result in dereferencing freed memory, but it's forbidden by the " |
| "compiler\n" |
| " // Error! Same reason as the previous Error\n" |
| " //println!(\"b contains: {}\", b);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:3 |
| msgid "Mutability of data can be changed when ownership is transferred." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:9 |
| msgid "\"immutable_box contains {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Mutability error\n" |
| " //*immutable_box = 4;\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:14 |
| msgid "// *Move* the box, changing the ownership (and mutability)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:17 |
| msgid "\"mutable_box contains {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:19 |
| msgid "// Modify the contents of the box\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/mut.md:22 |
| msgid "\"mutable_box now contains {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Within the [destructuring](../../flow_control/match/destructuring.md) of a " |
| "single variable, both `by-move` and `by-reference` pattern bindings can be " |
| "used at the same time. Doing this will result in a _partial move_ of the " |
| "variable, which means that parts of the variable will be moved while other " |
| "parts stay. In such a case, the parent variable cannot be used afterwards as " |
| "a whole, however the parts that are only referenced (and not moved) can " |
| "still be used. Note that types that implement the [`Drop` trait](../../trait/" |
| "drop.md) cannot be partially moved from, because its `drop` method would use " |
| "it afterwards as a whole." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! cannot move out of a type which implements the `Drop` trait\n" |
| " //impl Drop for Person {\n" |
| " // fn drop(&mut self) {\n" |
| " // println!(\"Dropping the person struct {:?}\", self)\n" |
| " // }\n" |
| " //}\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting these lines\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:35 |
| msgid "// `name` is moved out of person, but `age` is referenced\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:38 |
| msgid "\"The person's age is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:40 |
| msgid "\"The person's name is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! borrow of partially moved value: `person` partial move occurs\n" |
| " //println!(\"The person struct is {:?}\", person);\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `person` cannot be used but `person.age` can be used as it is not moved\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:46 |
| msgid "\"The person's age from person struct is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "(In this example, we store the `age` variable on the heap to illustrate the " |
| "partial move: deleting `ref` in the above code would give an error as the " |
| "ownership of `person.age` would be moved to the variable `age`. If `Person." |
| "age` were stored on the stack, `ref` would not be required as the definition " |
| "of `age` would copy the data from `person.age` without moving it.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/move/partial_move.md:59 |
| msgid "[destructuring](../../flow_control/match/destructuring.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Most of the time, we'd like to access data without taking ownership over it. " |
| "To accomplish this, Rust uses a _borrowing_ mechanism. Instead of passing " |
| "objects by value (`T`), objects can be passed by reference (`&T`)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "The compiler statically guarantees (via its borrow checker) that references " |
| "_always_ point to valid objects. That is, while references to an object " |
| "exist, the object cannot be destroyed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:12 |
| msgid "// This function takes ownership of a box and destroys it\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:14 |
| msgid "\"Destroying box that contains {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:16 |
| msgid "// This function borrows an i32\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:19 |
| msgid "\"This int is: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Create a boxed i32 in the heap, and a i32 on the stack\n" |
| " // Remember: numbers can have arbitrary underscores added for " |
| "readability\n" |
| " // 5_i32 is the same as 5i32\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Borrow the contents of the box. Ownership is not taken,\n" |
| " // so the contents can be borrowed again.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:35 |
| msgid "// Take a reference to the data contained inside the box\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error!\n" |
| " // Can't destroy `boxed_i32` while the inner value is borrowed later " |
| "in scope.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:43 |
| msgid "// Attempt to borrow `_ref_to_i32` after inner value is destroyed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:45 |
| msgid "// `_ref_to_i32` goes out of scope and is no longer borrowed.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `boxed_i32` can now give up ownership to `eat_box_i32` and be destroyed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Mutable data can be mutably borrowed using `&mut T`. This is called a " |
| "_mutable reference_ and gives read/write access to the borrower. In " |
| "contrast, `&T` borrows the data via an immutable reference, and the borrower " |
| "can read the data but not modify it:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `&'static str` is a reference to a string allocated in read only memory\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:17 |
| msgid "// This function takes a reference to a book\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:20 |
| msgid "\"I immutably borrowed {} - {} edition\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This function takes a reference to a mutable book and changes `year` to " |
| "2014\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:26 |
| msgid "\"I mutably borrowed {} - {} edition\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:30 |
| msgid "// Create an immutable Book named `immutabook`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:32 |
| msgid "// string literals have type `&'static str`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:33 |
| msgid "\"Douglas Hofstadter\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:34 |
| msgid "\"Gödel, Escher, Bach\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:38 |
| msgid "// Create a mutable copy of `immutabook` and call it `mutabook`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:41 |
| msgid "// Immutably borrow an immutable object\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:44 |
| msgid "// Immutably borrow a mutable object\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:47 |
| msgid "// Borrow a mutable object as mutable\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:50 |
| msgid "// Error! Cannot borrow an immutable object as mutable\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/mut.md:58 |
| msgid "[`static`](../lifetime/static_lifetime.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Data can be immutably borrowed any number of times, but while immutably " |
| "borrowed, the original data can't be mutably borrowed. On the other hand, " |
| "only _one_ mutable borrow is allowed at a time. The original data can be " |
| "borrowed again only _after_ the mutable reference has been used for the last " |
| "time." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:17 |
| msgid "// Data can be accessed via the references and the original owner\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:18 src/scope/borrow/alias.md:27 |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:49 |
| msgid "\"Point has coordinates: ({}, {}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! Can't borrow `point` as mutable because it's currently\n" |
| " // borrowed as immutable.\n" |
| " // let mutable_borrow = &mut point;\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:26 |
| msgid "// The borrowed values are used again here\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The immutable references are no longer used for the rest of the code so\n" |
| " // it is possible to reborrow with a mutable reference.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:34 |
| msgid "// Change data via mutable reference\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! Can't borrow `point` as immutable because it's currently\n" |
| " // borrowed as mutable.\n" |
| " // let y = &point.y;\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! Can't print because `println!` takes an immutable reference.\n" |
| " // println!(\"Point Z coordinate is {}\", point.z);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:48 |
| msgid "// Ok! Mutable references can be passed as immutable to `println!`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The mutable reference is no longer used for the rest of the code so it\n" |
| " // is possible to reborrow\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/alias.md:55 |
| msgid "\"Point now has coordinates: ({}, {}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "When doing pattern matching or destructuring via the `let` binding, the " |
| "`ref` keyword can be used to take references to the fields of a struct/" |
| "tuple. The example below shows a few instances where this can be useful:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A `ref` borrow on the left side of an assignment is equivalent to\n" |
| " // an `&` borrow on the right side.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:19 |
| msgid "\"ref_c1 equals ref_c2: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:23 |
| msgid "// `ref` is also valid when destructuring a struct.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:25 |
| msgid "// `ref_to_x` is a reference to the `x` field of `point`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:28 |
| msgid "// Return a copy of the `x` field of `point`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:32 |
| msgid "// A mutable copy of `point`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:36 |
| msgid "// `ref` can be paired with `mut` to take mutable references.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:39 |
| msgid "// Mutate the `y` field of `mutable_point` via a mutable reference.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:43 |
| msgid "\"point is ({}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:44 |
| msgid "\"mutable_point is ({}, {})\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:46 |
| msgid "// A mutable tuple that includes a pointer\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:50 |
| msgid "// Destructure `mutable_tuple` to change the value of `last`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/borrow/ref.md:55 |
| msgid "\"tuple is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A _lifetime_ is a construct the compiler (or more specifically, its _borrow " |
| "checker_) uses to ensure all borrows are valid. Specifically, a variable's " |
| "lifetime begins when it is created and ends when it is destroyed. While " |
| "lifetimes and scopes are often referred to together, they are not the same." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Take, for example, the case where we borrow a variable via `&`. The borrow " |
| "has a lifetime that is determined by where it is declared. As a result, the " |
| "borrow is valid as long as it ends before the lender is destroyed. However, " |
| "the scope of the borrow is determined by where the reference is used." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following example and in the rest of this section, we will see how " |
| "lifetimes relate to scopes, as well as how the two differ." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Lifetimes are annotated below with lines denoting the creation\n" |
| "// and destruction of each variable.\n" |
| "// `i` has the longest lifetime because its scope entirely encloses \n" |
| "// both `borrow1` and `borrow2`. The duration of `borrow1` compared \n" |
| "// to `borrow2` is irrelevant since they are disjoint.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Lifetime for `i` starts. ────────────────┐\n" |
| " // │\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:25 src/scope/lifetime.md:32 |
| msgid "// │\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `borrow1` lifetime starts. ──┐│\n" |
| " // ││\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:28 |
| msgid "\"borrow1: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:28 src/scope/lifetime.md:35 |
| msgid "// ││\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `borrow1` ends. ─────────────────────────────────┘│\n" |
| " // │\n" |
| " // │\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:33 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `borrow2` lifetime starts. ──┐│\n" |
| " // ││\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:35 |
| msgid "\"borrow2: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `borrow2` ends. ─────────────────────────────────┘│\n" |
| " // │\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:38 |
| msgid "// Lifetime ends. ─────────────────────────────────────┘\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that no names or types are assigned to label lifetimes. This restricts " |
| "how lifetimes will be able to be used as we will see." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The borrow checker uses explicit lifetime annotations to determine how long " |
| "references should be valid. In cases where lifetimes are not elided[^1], " |
| "Rust requires explicit annotations to determine what the lifetime of a " |
| "reference should be. The syntax for explicitly annotating a lifetime uses an " |
| "apostrophe character as follows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:10 |
| msgid "// `foo` has a lifetime parameter `'a`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "Similar to [closures](../../fn/closures/anonymity.md), using lifetimes " |
| "requires generics. Additionally, this lifetime syntax indicates that the " |
| "lifetime of `foo` may not exceed that of `'a`. Explicit annotation of a type " |
| "has the form `&'a T` where `'a` has already been introduced." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:19 |
| msgid "In cases with multiple lifetimes, the syntax is similar:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:22 |
| msgid "// `foo` has lifetime parameters `'a` and `'b`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "In this case, the lifetime of `foo` cannot exceed that of either `'a` _or_ " |
| "`'b`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:28 |
| msgid "See the following example for explicit lifetime annotation in use:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `print_refs` takes two references to `i32` which have different\n" |
| "// lifetimes `'a` and `'b`. These two lifetimes must both be at\n" |
| "// least as long as the function `print_refs`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:35 |
| msgid "\"x is {} and y is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A function which takes no arguments, but has a lifetime parameter `'a`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:42 |
| msgid "// ERROR: `_x` does not live long enough\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Attempting to use the lifetime `'a` as an explicit type annotation \n" |
| " // inside the function will fail because the lifetime of `&_x` is " |
| "shorter\n" |
| " // than that of `_y`. A short lifetime cannot be coerced into a longer " |
| "one.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:50 |
| msgid "// Create variables to be borrowed below.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:53 |
| msgid "// Borrows (`&`) of both variables are passed into the function.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Any input which is borrowed must outlive the borrower. \n" |
| " // In other words, the lifetime of `four` and `nine` must \n" |
| " // be longer than that of `print_refs`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:60 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `failed_borrow` contains no references to force `'a` to be \n" |
| " // longer than the lifetime of the function, but `'a` is longer.\n" |
| " // Because the lifetime is never constrained, it defaults to `'static`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:66 |
| msgid "" |
| "[elision](elision.md) implicitly annotates lifetimes and so is different." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/explicit.md:70 |
| msgid "[generics](../../generics.md) and [closures](../../fn/closures.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Ignoring [elision](elision.md), function signatures with lifetimes have a " |
| "few constraints:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:5 |
| msgid "any reference _must_ have an annotated lifetime." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "any reference being returned _must_ have the same lifetime as an input or be " |
| "`static`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "Additionally, note that returning references without input is banned if it " |
| "would result in returning references to invalid data. The following example " |
| "shows off some valid forms of functions with lifetimes:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "// One input reference with lifetime `'a` which must live\n" |
| "// at least as long as the function.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:17 |
| msgid "\"`print_one`: x is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:19 |
| msgid "// Mutable references are possible with lifetimes as well.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Multiple elements with different lifetimes. In this case, it\n" |
| "// would be fine for both to have the same lifetime `'a`, but\n" |
| "// in more complex cases, different lifetimes may be required.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:29 |
| msgid "\"`print_multi`: x is {}, y is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Returning references that have been passed in is acceptable.\n" |
| "// However, the correct lifetime must be returned.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "//fn invalid_output<'a>() -> &'a String { &String::from(\"foo\") }\n" |
| "// The above is invalid: `'a` must live longer than the function.\n" |
| "// Here, `&String::from(\"foo\")` would create a `String`, followed by a\n" |
| "// reference. Then the data is dropped upon exiting the scope, leaving\n" |
| "// a reference to invalid data to be returned.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/fn.md:60 |
| msgid "[Functions](../../fn.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/methods.md:3 |
| msgid "Methods are annotated similarly to functions:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/methods.md:9 |
| msgid "// Annotate lifetimes as in a standalone function.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/methods.md:12 |
| msgid "\"`print`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/methods.md:26 |
| msgid "[methods](../../fn/methods.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:3 |
| msgid "Annotation of lifetimes in structures are also similar to functions:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A type `Borrowed` which houses a reference to an\n" |
| "// `i32`. The reference to `i32` must outlive `Borrowed`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:10 |
| msgid "// Similarly, both references here must outlive this structure.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:17 |
| msgid "// An enum which is either an `i32` or a reference to one.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:34 src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:36 |
| msgid "\"x is borrowed in {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:35 |
| msgid "\"x and y are borrowed in {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:37 |
| msgid "\"y is *not* borrowed in {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/struct.md:43 |
| msgid "[`struct`s](../../custom_types/structs.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Annotation of lifetimes in trait methods basically are similar to functions. " |
| "Note that `impl` may have annotation of lifetimes too." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:7 |
| msgid "// A struct with annotation of lifetimes.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:12 |
| msgid "// Annotate lifetimes to impl.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:24 |
| msgid "\"b is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/trait.md:30 |
| msgid "[`trait`s](../../trait.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Just like generic types can be bounded, lifetimes (themselves generic) use " |
| "bounds as well. The `:` character has a slightly different meaning here, but " |
| "`+` is the same. Note how the following read:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:7 |
| msgid "`T: 'a`: _All_ references in `T` must outlive lifetime `'a`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "`T: Trait + 'a`: Type `T` must implement trait `Trait` and _all_ references " |
| "in `T` must outlive `'a`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "The example below shows the above syntax in action used after keyword " |
| "`where`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:14 |
| msgid "// Trait to bound with.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `Ref` contains a reference to a generic type `T` that has\n" |
| "// some lifetime `'a` unknown by `Ref`. `T` is bounded such that any\n" |
| "// *references* in `T` must outlive `'a`. Additionally, the lifetime\n" |
| "// of `Ref` may not exceed `'a`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:22 |
| msgid "// A generic function which prints using the `Debug` trait.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:26 |
| msgid "\"`print`: t is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here a reference to `T` is taken where `T` implements\n" |
| "// `Debug` and all *references* in `T` outlive `'a`. In\n" |
| "// addition, `'a` must outlive the function.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:34 |
| msgid "\"`print_ref`: t is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_bounds.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "[generics](../../generics.md), [bounds in generics](../../generics/bounds." |
| "md), and [multiple bounds in generics](../../generics/multi_bounds.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A longer lifetime can be coerced into a shorter one so that it works inside " |
| "a scope it normally wouldn't work in. This comes in the form of inferred " |
| "coercion by the Rust compiler, and also in the form of declaring a lifetime " |
| "difference:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here, Rust infers a lifetime that is as short as possible.\n" |
| "// The two references are then coerced to that lifetime.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `<'a: 'b, 'b>` reads as lifetime `'a` is at least as long as `'b`.\n" |
| "// Here, we take in an `&'a i32` and return a `&'b i32` as a result of " |
| "coercion.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:22 |
| msgid "// Longer lifetime\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:25 |
| msgid "// Shorter lifetime\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:27 |
| msgid "\"The product is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/lifetime_coercion.md:28 |
| msgid "\"{} is the first\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust has a few reserved lifetime names. One of those is `'static`. You might " |
| "encounter it in two situations:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:7 |
| msgid "// A reference with 'static lifetime:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:8 |
| msgid "\"hello world\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:9 |
| msgid "// 'static as part of a trait bound:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "Both are related but subtly different and this is a common source for " |
| "confusion when learning Rust. Here are some examples for each situation:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:17 |
| msgid "Reference lifetime" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "As a reference lifetime `'static` indicates that the data pointed to by the " |
| "reference lives for the remaining lifetime of the running program. It can " |
| "still be coerced to a shorter lifetime." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are two common ways to make a variable with `'static` lifetime, and " |
| "both are stored in the read-only memory of the binary:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:26 |
| msgid "Make a constant with the `static` declaration." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:27 |
| msgid "Make a `string` literal which has type: `&'static str`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:29 |
| msgid "See the following example for a display of each method:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:32 |
| msgid "// Make a constant with `'static` lifetime.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Returns a reference to `NUM` where its `'static`\n" |
| "// lifetime is coerced to that of the input argument.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:43 |
| msgid "// Make a `string` literal and print it:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:44 |
| msgid "\"I'm in read-only memory\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:45 |
| msgid "\"static_string: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:47 |
| msgid "" |
| "// When `static_string` goes out of scope, the reference\n" |
| " // can no longer be used, but the data remains in the binary.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:52 |
| msgid "// Make an integer to use for `coerce_static`:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:55 |
| msgid "// Coerce `NUM` to lifetime of `lifetime_num`:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:58 |
| msgid "\"coerced_static: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:61 |
| msgid "\"NUM: {} stays accessible!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:65 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since `'static` references only need to be valid for the _remainder_ of a " |
| "program's life, they can be created while the program is executed. Just to " |
| "demonstrate, the below example uses [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/boxed/struct.Box.html#method.leak) to dynamically create `'static` " |
| "references. In that case it definitely doesn't live for the entire duration, " |
| "but only from the leaking point onward." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:90 |
| msgid "Trait bound" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:92 |
| msgid "" |
| "As a trait bound, it means the type does not contain any non-static " |
| "references. Eg. the receiver can hold on to the type for as long as they " |
| "want and it will never become invalid until they drop it." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:96 |
| msgid "" |
| "It's important to understand this means that any owned data always passes a " |
| "`'static` lifetime bound, but a reference to that owned data generally does " |
| "not:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:104 |
| msgid "\"'static value passed in is: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:108 |
| msgid "// i is owned and contains no references, thus it's 'static:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:112 |
| msgid "" |
| "// oops, &i only has the lifetime defined by the scope of\n" |
| " // main(), so it's not 'static:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:118 |
| msgid "The compiler will tell you:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/static_lifetime.md:135 |
| msgid "[`'static` constants](../../custom_types/constants.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Some lifetime patterns are overwhelmingly common and so the borrow checker " |
| "will allow you to omit them to save typing and to improve readability. This " |
| "is known as elision. Elision exists in Rust solely because these patterns " |
| "are common." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "The following code shows a few examples of elision. For a more comprehensive " |
| "description of elision, see [lifetime elision](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "book/ch10-03-lifetime-syntax.html#lifetime-elision) in the book." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `elided_input` and `annotated_input` essentially have identical " |
| "signatures\n" |
| "// because the lifetime of `elided_input` is inferred by the compiler:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:15 |
| msgid "\"`elided_input`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:19 |
| msgid "\"`annotated_input`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Similarly, `elided_pass` and `annotated_pass` have identical signatures\n" |
| "// because the lifetime is added implicitly to `elided_pass`:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:34 |
| msgid "\"`elided_pass`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:35 |
| msgid "\"`annotated_pass`: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/scope/lifetime/elision.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "[elision](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-03-lifetime-syntax." |
| "html#lifetime-elision)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `trait` is a collection of methods defined for an unknown type: `Self`. " |
| "They can access other methods declared in the same trait." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Traits can be implemented for any data type. In the example below, we define " |
| "`Animal`, a group of methods. The `Animal` `trait` is then implemented for " |
| "the `Sheep` data type, allowing the use of methods from `Animal` with a " |
| "`Sheep`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Associated function signature; `Self` refers to the implementor type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:18 |
| msgid "// Method signatures; these will return a string.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:22 |
| msgid "// Traits can provide default method definitions.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:24 |
| msgid "\"{} says {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:35 |
| msgid "// Implementor methods can use the implementor's trait methods.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:36 |
| msgid "\"{} is already naked...\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:38 |
| msgid "\"{} gets a haircut!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:44 src/trait/dyn.md:25 |
| msgid "// Implement the `Animal` trait for `Sheep`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:47 |
| msgid "// `Self` is the implementor type: `Sheep`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:58 |
| msgid "\"baaaaah?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:60 src/trait/dyn.md:29 |
| msgid "\"baaaaah!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:64 |
| msgid "// Default trait methods can be overridden.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:66 |
| msgid "// For example, we can add some quiet contemplation.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:67 |
| msgid "\"{} pauses briefly... {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:72 |
| msgid "// Type annotation is necessary in this case.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:73 |
| msgid "\"Dolly\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait.md:74 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try removing the type annotations.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The compiler is capable of providing basic implementations for some traits " |
| "via the `#[derive]` [attribute](../attribute.md). These traits can still be " |
| "manually implemented if a more complex behavior is required." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:7 |
| msgid "The following is a list of derivable traits:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "Comparison traits: [`Eq`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cmp/trait.Eq.html), " |
| "[`PartialEq`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cmp/trait.PartialEq.html), " |
| "[`Ord`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cmp/trait.Ord.html), [`PartialOrd`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Clone`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/clone/trait.Clone.html), to create " |
| "`T` from `&T` via a copy." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Copy`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/marker/trait.Copy.html), to give a " |
| "type 'copy semantics' instead of 'move semantics'." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Hash`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/hash/trait.Hash.html), to compute a " |
| "hash from `&T`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html), to " |
| "create an empty instance of a data type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Debug`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/trait.Debug.html), to format a " |
| "value using the `{:?}` formatter." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:18 |
| msgid "// `Centimeters`, a tuple struct that can be compared\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:21 |
| msgid "// `Inches`, a tuple struct that can be printed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:33 |
| msgid "// `Seconds`, a tuple struct with no additional attributes\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error: `Seconds` can't be printed; it doesn't implement the `Debug` " |
| "trait\n" |
| " //println!(\"One second looks like: {:?}\", _one_second);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error: `Seconds` can't be compared; it doesn't implement the `PartialEq` " |
| "trait\n" |
| " //let _this_is_true = (_one_second == _one_second);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:50 |
| msgid "\"One foot equals {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:56 |
| msgid "\"smaller\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:58 |
| msgid "\"bigger\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:61 |
| msgid "\"One foot is {} than one meter.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/derive.md:67 |
| msgid "[`derive`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/attributes.html#derive)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The Rust compiler needs to know how much space every function's return type " |
| "requires. This means all your functions have to return a concrete type. " |
| "Unlike other languages, if you have a trait like `Animal`, you can't write a " |
| "function that returns `Animal`, because its different implementations will " |
| "need different amounts of memory." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "However, there's an easy workaround. Instead of returning a trait object " |
| "directly, our functions return a `Box` which _contains_ some `Animal`. A " |
| "`box` is just a reference to some memory in the heap. Because a reference " |
| "has a statically-known size, and the compiler can guarantee it points to a " |
| "heap-allocated `Animal`, we can return a trait from our function!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust tries to be as explicit as possible whenever it allocates memory on the " |
| "heap. So if your function returns a pointer-to-trait-on-heap in this way, " |
| "you need to write the return type with the `dyn` keyword, e.g. `Box<dyn " |
| "Animal>`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:22 |
| msgid "// Instance method signature\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:32 |
| msgid "// Implement the `Animal` trait for `Cow`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:36 |
| msgid "\"moooooo!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Returns some struct that implements Animal, but we don't know which one " |
| "at compile time.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/dyn.md:52 |
| msgid "\"You've randomly chosen an animal, and it says {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "In Rust, many of the operators can be overloaded via traits. That is, some " |
| "operators can be used to accomplish different tasks based on their input " |
| "arguments. This is possible because operators are syntactic sugar for method " |
| "calls. For example, the `+` operator in `a + b` calls the `add` method (as " |
| "in `a.add(b)`). This `add` method is part of the `Add` trait. Hence, the `+` " |
| "operator can be used by any implementor of the `Add` trait." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "A list of the traits, such as `Add`, that overload operators can be found in " |
| "[`core::ops`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/ops/)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `std::ops::Add` trait is used to specify the functionality of `+`.\n" |
| "// Here, we make `Add<Bar>` - the trait for addition with a RHS of type " |
| "`Bar`.\n" |
| "// The following block implements the operation: Foo + Bar = FooBar\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:30 |
| msgid "\"> Foo.add(Bar) was called\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "// By reversing the types, we end up implementing non-commutative addition.\n" |
| "// Here, we make `Add<Foo>` - the trait for addition with a RHS of type " |
| "`Foo`.\n" |
| "// This block implements the operation: Bar + Foo = BarFoo\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:43 |
| msgid "\"> Bar.add(Foo) was called\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Foo + Bar = {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:51 |
| msgid "\"Bar + Foo = {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:55 src/testing.md:16 src/testing/doc_testing.md:104 |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:36 |
| msgid "See Also" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/ops.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Add](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/ops/trait.Add.html), [Syntax Index]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/appendix-02-operators.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) trait only " |
| "has one method: `drop`, which is called automatically when an object goes " |
| "out of scope. The main use of the `Drop` trait is to free the resources that " |
| "the implementor instance owns." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Box`, `Vec`, `String`, `File`, and `Process` are some examples of types " |
| "that implement the `Drop` trait to free resources. The `Drop` trait can also " |
| "be manually implemented for any custom data type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "The following example adds a print to console to the `drop` function to " |
| "announce when it is called." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:18 |
| msgid "// This trivial implementation of `drop` adds a print to console.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:22 |
| msgid "\"> Dropping {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:27 src/std_misc/path.md:33 src/std_misc/fs.md:44 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:87 |
| msgid "\"a\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:29 |
| msgid "// block A\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:31 src/std_misc/path.md:33 |
| msgid "\"b\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:33 |
| msgid "// block B\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:35 src/std_misc/path.md:36 |
| msgid "\"c\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:36 |
| msgid "\"d\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:38 |
| msgid "\"Exiting block B\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:40 |
| msgid "\"Just exited block B\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:42 |
| msgid "\"Exiting block A\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:44 |
| msgid "\"Just exited block A\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:46 |
| msgid "// Variable can be manually dropped using the `drop` function\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:48 |
| msgid "// TODO ^ Try commenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:50 |
| msgid "\"end of the main function\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/drop.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `_a` *won't* be `drop`ed again here, because it already has been\n" |
| " // (manually) `drop`ed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " |
| "trait is used to implement iterators over collections such as arrays." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "The trait requires only a method to be defined for the `next` element, which " |
| "may be manually defined in an `impl` block or automatically defined (as in " |
| "arrays and ranges)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "As a point of convenience for common situations, the `for` construct turns " |
| "some collections into iterators using the [`.into_iter()`](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) method." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Implement `Iterator` for `Fibonacci`.\n" |
| "// The `Iterator` trait only requires a method to be defined for the `next` " |
| "element,\n" |
| "// and an `associated type` to declare the return type of the iterator.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:23 |
| msgid "// We can refer to this type using Self::Item\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here, we define the sequence using `.curr` and `.next`.\n" |
| " // The return type is `Option<T>`:\n" |
| " // * When the `Iterator` is finished, `None` is returned.\n" |
| " // * Otherwise, the next value is wrapped in `Some` and returned.\n" |
| " // We use Self::Item in the return type, so we can change\n" |
| " // the type without having to update the function signatures.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Since there's no endpoint to a Fibonacci sequence, the `Iterator` \n" |
| " // will never return `None`, and `Some` is always returned.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:43 |
| msgid "// Returns a Fibonacci sequence generator\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:50 |
| msgid "// `0..3` is an `Iterator` that generates: 0, 1, and 2.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:53 |
| msgid "\"Four consecutive `next` calls on 0..3\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:54 src/trait/iter.md:55 src/trait/iter.md:56 |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:57 src/std_misc/fs.md:90 |
| msgid "\"> {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `for` works through an `Iterator` until it returns `None`.\n" |
| " // Each `Some` value is unwrapped and bound to a variable (here, `i`).\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:61 |
| msgid "\"Iterate through 0..3 using `for`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:63 src/trait/iter.md:69 src/trait/iter.md:75 |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:83 src/std/vec.md:50 src/std/str.md:22 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:82 |
| msgid "\"> {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:66 |
| msgid "// The `take(n)` method reduces an `Iterator` to its first `n` terms.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:67 |
| msgid "\"The first four terms of the Fibonacci sequence are: \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `skip(n)` method shortens an `Iterator` by dropping its first `n` " |
| "terms.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:73 |
| msgid "\"The next four terms of the Fibonacci sequence are: \"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:80 |
| msgid "// The `iter` method produces an `Iterator` over an array/slice.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/iter.md:81 |
| msgid "\"Iterate the following array {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:3 |
| msgid "`impl Trait` can be used in two locations:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:5 |
| msgid "as an argument type" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:6 |
| msgid "as a return type" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:8 |
| msgid "As an argument type" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "If your function is generic over a trait but you don't mind the specific " |
| "type, you can simplify the function declaration using `impl Trait` as the " |
| "type of the argument." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:12 |
| msgid "For example, consider the following code:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:18 src/trait/impl_trait.md:37 |
| msgid "// For each line in the source\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:20 src/trait/impl_trait.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If the line was read successfully, process it, if not, return the error\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:21 src/trait/impl_trait.md:40 src/std/str.md:41 |
| msgid "','" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:21 src/trait/impl_trait.md:40 |
| msgid "// Split the line separated by commas\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:22 src/trait/impl_trait.md:41 |
| msgid "// Remove leading and trailing whitespace\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:23 src/trait/impl_trait.md:42 |
| msgid "// Collect all strings in a row into a Vec<String>\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:26 src/trait/impl_trait.md:45 |
| msgid "// Collect all lines into a Vec<Vec<String>>\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "`parse_csv_document` is generic, allowing it to take any type which " |
| "implements BufRead, such as `BufReader<File>` or `[u8]`, but it's not " |
| "important what type `R` is, and `R` is only used to declare the type of " |
| "`src`, so the function can also be written as:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:49 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that using `impl Trait` as an argument type means that you cannot " |
| "explicitly state what form of the function you use, i.e. " |
| "`parse_csv_document::<std::io::Empty>(std::io::empty())` will not work with " |
| "the second example." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:51 |
| msgid "As a return type" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "If your function returns a type that implements `MyTrait`, you can write its " |
| "return type as `-> impl MyTrait`. This can help simplify your type " |
| "signatures quite a lot!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This function combines two `Vec<i32>` and returns an iterator over it.\n" |
| "// Look how complicated its return type is!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:68 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is the exact same function, but its return type uses `impl Trait`.\n" |
| "// Look how much simpler it is!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:87 |
| msgid "\"all done\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:91 |
| msgid "" |
| "More importantly, some Rust types can't be written out. For example, every " |
| "closure has its own unnamed concrete type. Before `impl Trait` syntax, you " |
| "had to allocate on the heap in order to return a closure. But now you can do " |
| "it all statically, like this:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:97 |
| msgid "// Returns a function that adds `y` to its input\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/impl_trait.md:109 |
| msgid "" |
| "You can also use `impl Trait` to return an iterator that uses `map` or " |
| "`filter` closures! This makes using `map` and `filter` easier. Because " |
| "closure types don't have names, you can't write out an explicit return type " |
| "if your function returns iterators with closures. But with `impl Trait` you " |
| "can do this easily:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "When dealing with resources, the default behavior is to transfer them during " |
| "assignments or function calls. However, sometimes we need to make a copy of " |
| "the resource as well." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`Clone`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/clone/trait.Clone.html) trait " |
| "helps us do exactly this. Most commonly, we can use the `.clone()` method " |
| "defined by the `Clone` trait." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:11 |
| msgid "// A unit struct without resources\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:14 |
| msgid "// A tuple struct with resources that implements the `Clone` trait\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:20 |
| msgid "// Instantiate `Unit`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:22 |
| msgid "// Copy `Unit`, there are no resources to move\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:25 |
| msgid "// Both `Unit`s can be used independently\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:26 src/trait/clone.md:31 |
| msgid "\"original: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:27 |
| msgid "\"copy: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:29 |
| msgid "// Instantiate `Pair`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:33 |
| msgid "// Move `pair` into `moved_pair`, moves resources\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:35 |
| msgid "\"moved: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `pair` has lost its resources\n" |
| " //println!(\"original: {:?}\", pair);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:41 |
| msgid "// Clone `moved_pair` into `cloned_pair` (resources are included)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:43 |
| msgid "// Drop the moved original pair using std::mem::drop\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `moved_pair` has been dropped\n" |
| " //println!(\"moved and dropped: {:?}\", moved_pair);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:50 |
| msgid "// The result from .clone() can still be used!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/clone.md:51 |
| msgid "\"clone: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/supertraits.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust doesn't have \"inheritance\", but you can define a trait as being a " |
| "superset of another trait. For example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/supertraits.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Person is a supertrait of Student.\n" |
| "// Implementing Student requires you to also impl Person.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/supertraits.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// CompSciStudent (computer science student) is a subtrait of both " |
| "Programmer \n" |
| "// and Student. Implementing CompSciStudent requires you to impl both " |
| "supertraits.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/supertraits.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"My name is {} and I attend {}. My favorite language is {}. My Git username " |
| "is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/supertraits.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The Rust Programming Language chapter on supertraits](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/book/ch19-03-advanced-traits.html#using-supertraits-to-require-one-" |
| "traits-functionality-within-another-trait)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A type can implement many different traits. What if two traits both require " |
| "the same name for a function? For example, many traits might have a method " |
| "named `get()`. They might even have different return types!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "Good news: because each trait implementation gets its own `impl` block, it's " |
| "clear which trait's `get` method you're implementing." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "What about when it comes time to _call_ those methods? To disambiguate " |
| "between them, we have to use Fully Qualified Syntax." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:15 |
| msgid "// Get the selected username out of this widget\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:20 |
| msgid "// Get the selected age out of this widget\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:23 |
| msgid "// A form with both a UsernameWidget and an AgeWidget\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:44 src/trait/disambiguating.md:54 |
| msgid "\"rustacean\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If you uncomment this line, you'll get an error saying\n" |
| " // \"multiple `get` found\". Because, after all, there are multiple " |
| "methods\n" |
| " // named `get`.\n" |
| " // println!(\"{}\", form.get());\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/trait/disambiguating.md:62 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The Rust Programming Language chapter on Fully Qualified syntax](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-03-advanced-traits.html#fully-qualified-syntax-" |
| "for-disambiguation-calling-methods-with-the-same-name)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:1 |
| msgid "`macro_rules!`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides a powerful macro system that allows metaprogramming. As you've " |
| "seen in previous chapters, macros look like functions, except that their " |
| "name ends with a bang `!`, but instead of generating a function call, macros " |
| "are expanded into source code that gets compiled with the rest of the " |
| "program. However, unlike macros in C and other languages, Rust macros are " |
| "expanded into abstract syntax trees, rather than string preprocessing, so " |
| "you don't get unexpected precedence bugs." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:11 |
| msgid "Macros are created using the `macro_rules!` macro." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:14 |
| msgid "// This is a simple macro named `say_hello`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:16 |
| msgid "// `()` indicates that the macro takes no argument.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:18 |
| msgid "// The macro will expand into the contents of this block.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:19 |
| msgid "\"Hello!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:24 |
| msgid "// This call will expand into `println!(\"Hello!\")`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:29 |
| msgid "So why are macros useful?" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "Don't repeat yourself. There are many cases where you may need similar " |
| "functionality in multiple places but with different types. Often, writing a " |
| "macro is a useful way to avoid repeating code. (More on this later)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "Domain-specific languages. Macros allow you to define special syntax for a " |
| "specific purpose. (More on this later)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "Variadic interfaces. Sometimes you want to define an interface that takes a " |
| "variable number of arguments. An example is `println!` which could take any " |
| "number of arguments, depending on the format string. (More on this later)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/syntax.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "In following subsections, we will show how to define macros in Rust. There " |
| "are three basic ideas:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/syntax.md:6 |
| msgid "[Patterns and Designators](designators.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/syntax.md:7 |
| msgid "[Overloading](overload.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/syntax.md:8 |
| msgid "[Repetition](repeat.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The arguments of a macro are prefixed by a dollar sign `$` and type " |
| "annotated with a _designator_:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This macro takes an argument of designator `ident` and\n" |
| " // creates a function named `$func_name`.\n" |
| " // The `ident` designator is used for variable/function names.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:13 |
| msgid "// The `stringify!` macro converts an `ident` into a string.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:14 |
| msgid "\"You called {:?}()\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:19 |
| msgid "// Create functions named `foo` and `bar` with the above macro.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:25 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This macro takes an expression of type `expr` and prints\n" |
| " // it as a string along with its result.\n" |
| " // The `expr` designator is used for expressions.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:29 |
| msgid "// `stringify!` will convert the expression *as it is* into a string.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:30 |
| msgid "\"{:?} = {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:42 |
| msgid "// Recall that blocks are expressions too!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:51 |
| msgid "These are some of the available designators:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:53 |
| msgid "`block`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:54 |
| msgid "`expr` is used for expressions" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:55 |
| msgid "`ident` is used for variable/function names" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:56 |
| msgid "`item`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:57 |
| msgid "`literal` is used for literal constants" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:58 |
| msgid "`pat` (_pattern_)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:59 |
| msgid "`path`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:60 |
| msgid "`stmt` (_statement_)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:61 |
| msgid "`tt` (_token tree_)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:62 |
| msgid "`ty` (_type_)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:63 |
| msgid "`vis` (_visibility qualifier_)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/designators.md:65 |
| msgid "" |
| "For a complete list, see the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "reference/macros-by-example.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/overload.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Macros can be overloaded to accept different combinations of arguments. In " |
| "that regard, `macro_rules!` can work similarly to a match block:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/overload.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `test!` will compare `$left` and `$right`\n" |
| "// in different ways depending on how you invoke it:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/overload.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Arguments don't need to be separated by a comma.\n" |
| " // Any template can be used!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/overload.md:13 |
| msgid "\"{:?} and {:?} is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/overload.md:18 |
| msgid "// ^ each arm must end with a semicolon.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/overload.md:20 |
| msgid "\"{:?} or {:?} is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Macros can use `+` in the argument list to indicate that an argument may " |
| "repeat at least once, or `*`, to indicate that the argument may repeat zero " |
| "or more times." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following example, surrounding the matcher with `$(...),+` will match " |
| "one or more expression, separated by commas. Also note that the semicolon is " |
| "optional on the last case." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:12 |
| msgid "// `find_min!` will calculate the minimum of any number of arguments.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:14 |
| msgid "// Base case:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:16 |
| msgid "// `$x` followed by at least one `$y,`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/repeat.md:18 |
| msgid "// Call `find_min!` on the tail `$y`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dry.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Macros allow writing DRY code by factoring out the common parts of functions " |
| "and/or test suites. Here is an example that implements and tests the `+=`, " |
| "`*=` and `-=` operators on `Vec<T>`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dry.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `tt` (token tree) designator is used for\n" |
| " // operators and tokens.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dry.md:15 |
| msgid "\"{:?}: dimension mismatch: {:?} {:?} {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dry.md:30 |
| msgid "// *x = x.$method(*y);\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dry.md:35 |
| msgid "// Implement `add_assign`, `mul_assign`, and `sub_assign` functions.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dry.md:60 |
| msgid "// Test `add_assign`, `mul_assign`, and `sub_assign`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:1 |
| msgid "Domain Specific Languages (DSLs)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A DSL is a mini \"language\" embedded in a Rust macro. It is completely " |
| "valid Rust because the macro system expands into normal Rust constructs, but " |
| "it looks like a small language. This allows you to define concise or " |
| "intuitive syntax for some special functionality (within bounds)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Suppose that I want to define a little calculator API. I would like to " |
| "supply an expression and have the output printed to console." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:15 |
| msgid "// Force types to be unsigned integers\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:16 src/macros/variadics.md:15 |
| msgid "\"{} = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:23 |
| msgid "// hehehe `eval` is _not_ a Rust keyword!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:32 src/macros/variadics.md:35 |
| msgid "Output:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "This was a very simple example, but much more complex interfaces have been " |
| "developed, such as [`lazy_static`](https://crates.io/crates/lazy_static) or " |
| "[`clap`](https://crates.io/crates/clap)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/dsl.md:43 |
| msgid "" |
| "Also, note the two pairs of braces in the macro. The outer ones are part of " |
| "the syntax of `macro_rules!`, in addition to `()` or `[]`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:1 |
| msgid "Variadic Interfaces" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A _variadic_ interface takes an arbitrary number of arguments. For example, " |
| "`println!` can take an arbitrary number of arguments, as determined by the " |
| "format string." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "We can extend our `calculate!` macro from the previous section to be " |
| "variadic:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:11 |
| msgid "// The pattern for a single `eval`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:14 |
| msgid "// Force types to be integers\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:19 |
| msgid "// Decompose multiple `eval`s recursively\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/macros/variadics.md:27 |
| msgid "// Look ma! Variadic `calculate!`!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Error handling is the process of handling the possibility of failure. For " |
| "example, failing to read a file and then continuing to use that _bad_ input " |
| "would clearly be problematic. Noticing and explicitly managing those errors " |
| "saves the rest of the program from various pitfalls." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are various ways to deal with errors in Rust, which are described in " |
| "the following subchapters. They all have more or less subtle differences and " |
| "different use cases. As a rule of thumb:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "An explicit `panic` is mainly useful for tests and dealing with " |
| "unrecoverable errors. For prototyping it can be useful, for example when " |
| "dealing with functions that haven't been implemented yet, but in those cases " |
| "the more descriptive `unimplemented` is better. In tests `panic` is a " |
| "reasonable way to explicitly fail." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `Option` type is for when a value is optional or when the lack of a " |
| "value is not an error condition. For example the parent of a directory - `/` " |
| "and `C:` don't have one. When dealing with `Option`s, `unwrap` is fine for " |
| "prototyping and cases where it's absolutely certain that there is guaranteed " |
| "to be a value. However `expect` is more useful since it lets you specify an " |
| "error message in case something goes wrong anyway." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "When there is a chance that things do go wrong and the caller has to deal " |
| "with the problem, use `Result`. You can `unwrap` and `expect` them as well " |
| "(please don't do that unless it's a test or quick prototype)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "For a more rigorous discussion of error handling, refer to the error " |
| "handling section in the [official book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/" |
| "ch09-00-error-handling.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The simplest error handling mechanism we will see is `panic`. It prints an " |
| "error message, starts unwinding the stack, and usually exits the program. " |
| "Here, we explicitly call `panic` on our error condition:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:9 src/error/abort_unwind.md:9 |
| msgid "// You shouldn't drink too much sugary beverages.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:10 src/error/panic.md:17 src/error/abort_unwind.md:10 |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:23 src/error/abort_unwind.md:41 |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:50 src/error/option_unwrap.md:32 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:43 src/error/option_unwrap.md:50 |
| msgid "\"lemonade\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:10 src/error/option_unwrap.md:43 |
| msgid "\"AAAaaaaa!!!!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:12 src/error/abort_unwind.md:17 |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:44 |
| msgid "\"Some refreshing {} is all I need.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:16 src/error/abort_unwind.md:22 |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:49 src/error/option_unwrap.md:49 |
| msgid "\"water\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:18 |
| msgid "\"still water\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/panic.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "The first call to `drink` works. The second panics and thus the third is " |
| "never called." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:1 |
| msgid "`abort` and `unwind`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The previous section illustrates the error handling mechanism `panic`. " |
| "Different code paths can be conditionally compiled based on the panic " |
| "setting. The current values available are `unwind` and `abort`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "Building on the prior lemonade example, we explicitly use the panic strategy " |
| "to exercise different lines of code." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:11 |
| msgid "\"abort\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:12 src/error/abort_unwind.md:37 |
| msgid "\"This is not your party. Run!!!!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:14 src/error/abort_unwind.md:32 |
| msgid "\"Spit it out!!!!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "Here is another example focusing on rewriting `drink()` and explicitly use " |
| "the `unwind` keyword." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:30 src/error/abort_unwind.md:35 |
| msgid "\"unwind\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/abort_unwind.md:54 |
| msgid "" |
| "The panic strategy can be set from the command line by using `abort` or " |
| "`unwind`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the last example, we showed that we can induce program failure at will. " |
| "We told our program to `panic` if we drink a sugary lemonade. But what if we " |
| "expect _some_ drink but don't receive one? That case would be just as bad, " |
| "so it needs to be handled!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "We _could_ test this against the null string (`\"\"`) as we do with a " |
| "lemonade. Since we're using Rust, let's instead have the compiler point out " |
| "cases where there's no drink." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "An `enum` called `Option<T>` in the `std` library is used when absence is a " |
| "possibility. It manifests itself as one of two \"options\":" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:15 |
| msgid "`Some(T)`: An element of type `T` was found" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:16 |
| msgid "`None`: No element was found" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "These cases can either be explicitly handled via `match` or implicitly with " |
| "`unwrap`. Implicit handling will either return the inner element or `panic`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that it's possible to manually customize `panic` with [expect](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.expect), but `unwrap` " |
| "otherwise leaves us with a less meaningful output than explicit handling. In " |
| "the following example, explicit handling yields a more controlled result " |
| "while retaining the option to `panic` if desired." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The adult has seen it all, and can handle any drink well.\n" |
| "// All drinks are handled explicitly using `match`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:30 |
| msgid "// Specify a course of action for each case.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:32 |
| msgid "\"Yuck! Too sugary.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:33 |
| msgid "\"{}? How nice.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:34 |
| msgid "\"No drink? Oh well.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Others will `panic` before drinking sugary drinks.\n" |
| "// All drinks are handled implicitly using `unwrap`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:41 |
| msgid "// `unwrap` returns a `panic` when it receives a `None`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:45 |
| msgid "\"I love {}s!!!!!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap.md:57 |
| msgid "\"coffee\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "You can unpack `Option`s by using `match` statements, but it's often easier " |
| "to use the `?` operator. If `x` is an `Option`, then evaluating `x?` will " |
| "return the underlying value if `x` is `Some`, otherwise it will terminate " |
| "whatever function is being executed and return `None`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If `current_age` is `None`, this returns `None`.\n" |
| " // If `current_age` is `Some`, the inner `u8` value + 1\n" |
| " // gets assigned to `next_age`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:14 |
| msgid "\"Next year I will be {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:18 |
| msgid "You can chain many `?`s together to make your code much more readable." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Gets the area code of the phone number of the person's job, if it " |
| "exists.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/question_mark.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This would need many nested `match` statements without the `?` operator.\n" |
| " // It would take a lot more code - try writing it yourself and see " |
| "which\n" |
| " // is easier.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "`match` is a valid method for handling `Option`s. However, you may " |
| "eventually find heavy usage tedious, especially with operations only valid " |
| "with an input. In these cases, [combinators](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "reference/glossary.html#combinator) can be used to manage control flow in a " |
| "modular fashion." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Option` has a built in method called `map()`, a combinator for the simple " |
| "mapping of `Some -> Some` and `None -> None`. Multiple `map()` calls can be " |
| "chained together for even more flexibility." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following example, `process()` replaces all functions previous to it " |
| "while staying compact." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Peeling food. If there isn't any, then return `None`.\n" |
| "// Otherwise, return the peeled food.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Chopping food. If there isn't any, then return `None`.\n" |
| "// Otherwise, return the chopped food.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Cooking food. Here, we showcase `map()` instead of `match` for case " |
| "handling.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A function to peel, chop, and cook food all in sequence.\n" |
| "// We chain multiple uses of `map()` to simplify the code.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:54 |
| msgid "// Check whether there's food or not before trying to eat it!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:58 |
| msgid "\"Mmm. I love {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:59 |
| msgid "\"Oh no! It wasn't edible.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:70 |
| msgid "// Let's try the simpler looking `process()` now.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/map.md:81 |
| msgid "" |
| "[closures](../../fn/closures.md), [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "option/enum.Option.html), [`Option::map()`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "option/enum.Option.html#method.map)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "`map()` was described as a chainable way to simplify `match` statements. " |
| "However, using `map()` on a function that returns an `Option<T>` results in " |
| "the nested `Option<Option<T>>`. Chaining multiple calls together can then " |
| "become confusing. That's where another combinator called `and_then()`, known " |
| "in some languages as flatmap, comes in." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "`and_then()` calls its function input with the wrapped value and returns the " |
| "result. If the `Option` is `None`, then it returns `None` instead." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following example, `cookable_v3()` results in an `Option<Food>`. " |
| "Using `map()` instead of `and_then()` would have given an " |
| "`Option<Option<Food>>`, which is an invalid type for `eat()`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:20 |
| msgid "// We don't have the ingredients to make Sushi.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:28 |
| msgid "// We have the recipe for everything except Cordon Bleu.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "// To make a dish, we need both the recipe and the ingredients.\n" |
| "// We can represent the logic with a chain of `match`es:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This can conveniently be rewritten more compactly with `and_then()`:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Otherwise we'd need to `flatten()` an `Option<Option<Food>>`\n" |
| "// to get an `Option<Food>`:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:59 |
| msgid "\"Yay! On {:?} we get to eat {:?}.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:60 |
| msgid "\"Oh no. We don't get to eat on {:?}?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/and_then.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "[closures](../../fn/closures.md), [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "option/enum.Option.html), [`Option::and_then()`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/option/enum.Option.html#method.and_then), and [`Option::flatten()`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.flatten)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:1 |
| msgid "Unpacking options and defaults" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "There is more than one way to unpack an `Option` and fall back on a default " |
| "if it is `None`. To choose the one that meets our needs, we need to consider " |
| "the following:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:5 |
| msgid "do we need eager or lazy evaluation?" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "do we need to keep the original empty value intact, or modify it in place?" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:8 |
| msgid "`or()` is chainable, evaluates eagerly, keeps empty value intact" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "`or()`is chainable and eagerly evaluates its argument, as is shown in the " |
| "following example. Note that because `or`'s arguments are evaluated eagerly, " |
| "the variable passed to `or` is moved." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:22 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:55 |
| msgid "\"first_available_fruit: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:23 |
| msgid "// first_available_fruit: Some(Orange)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:25 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `or` moves its argument.\n" |
| " // In the example above, `or(orange)` returned a `Some`, so `or(apple)` " |
| "was not invoked.\n" |
| " // But the variable named `apple` has been moved regardless, and cannot " |
| "be used anymore.\n" |
| " // println!(\"Variable apple was moved, so this line won't compile: " |
| "{:?}\", apple);\n" |
| " // TODO: uncomment the line above to see the compiler error\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:33 |
| msgid "`or_else()` is chainable, evaluates lazily, keeps empty value intact" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "Another alternative is to use `or_else`, which is also chainable, and " |
| "evaluates lazily, as is shown in the following example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:44 |
| msgid "\"Providing kiwi as fallback\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:48 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:93 |
| msgid "\"Providing lemon as fallback\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Providing kiwi as fallback\n" |
| " // first_available_fruit: Some(Kiwi)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:61 |
| msgid "`get_or_insert()` evaluates eagerly, modifies empty value in place" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:63 |
| msgid "" |
| "To make sure that an `Option` contains a value, we can use `get_or_insert` " |
| "to modify it in place with a fallback value, as is shown in the following " |
| "example. Note that `get_or_insert` eagerly evaluates its parameter, so " |
| "variable `apple` is moved:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:73 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:98 |
| msgid "\"first_available_fruit is: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:74 |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:99 |
| msgid "\"my_fruit is: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "// first_available_fruit is: Apple\n" |
| " // my_fruit is: Some(Apple)\n" |
| " //println!(\"Variable named `apple` is moved: {:?}\", apple);\n" |
| " // TODO: uncomment the line above to see the compiler error\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:82 |
| msgid "`get_or_insert_with()` evaluates lazily, modifies empty value in place" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:84 |
| msgid "" |
| "Instead of explicitly providing a value to fall back on, we can pass a " |
| "closure to `get_or_insert_with`, as follows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:100 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Providing lemon as fallback\n" |
| " // first_available_fruit is: Lemon\n" |
| " // my_fruit is: Some(Lemon)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:104 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If the Option has a value, it is left unchanged, and the closure is not " |
| "invoked\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:107 |
| msgid "\"should_be_apple is: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:108 |
| msgid "\"my_apple is unchanged: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:109 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The output is a follows. Note that the closure `get_lemon_as_fallback` is " |
| "not invoked\n" |
| " // should_be_apple is: Apple\n" |
| " // my_apple is unchanged: Some(Apple)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/option_unwrap/defaults.md:117 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`closures`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-01-closures.html), " |
| "[`get_or_insert`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/option/enum.Option." |
| "html#method.get_or_insert), [`get_or_insert_with`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "core/option/enum.Option.html#method.get_or_insert_with), [`moved variables`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html), " |
| "[`or`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/option/enum.Option.html#method.or), " |
| "[`or_else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/option/enum.Option.html#method." |
| "or_else)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result.html) is a " |
| "richer version of the [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum." |
| "Option.html) type that describes possible _error_ instead of possible " |
| "_absence_." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:6 |
| msgid "That is, `Result<T, E>` could have one of two outcomes:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:8 |
| msgid "`Ok(T)`: An element `T` was found" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:9 |
| msgid "`Err(E)`: An error was found with element `E`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "By convention, the expected outcome is `Ok` while the unexpected outcome is " |
| "`Err`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "Like `Option`, `Result` has many methods associated with it. `unwrap()`, for " |
| "example, either yields the element `T` or `panic`s. For case handling, there " |
| "are many combinators between `Result` and `Option` that overlap." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "In working with Rust, you will likely encounter methods that return the " |
| "`Result` type, such as the [`parse()`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "primitive.str.html#method.parse) method. It might not always be possible to " |
| "parse a string into the other type, so `parse()` returns a `Result` " |
| "indicating possible failure." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Let's see what happens when we successfully and unsuccessfully `parse()` a " |
| "string:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:26 |
| msgid "// Let's try using `unwrap()` to get the number out. Will it bite us?\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:33 src/error/result.md:36 |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:42 src/error/result/result_map.md:46 |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:75 src/error/result/result_map.md:79 |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:36 src/error/result/result_alias.md:37 |
| #: src/error/result/early_returns.md:36 src/error/result/early_returns.md:37 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:34 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:35 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:67 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:68 |
| msgid "\"2\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:34 src/error/result.md:37 |
| msgid "\"double is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:36 src/error/result/result_map.md:46 |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:79 src/error/result/result_alias.md:37 |
| #: src/error/result/early_returns.md:37 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:35 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:68 |
| msgid "\"t\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the unsuccessful case, `parse()` leaves us with an error for `unwrap()` " |
| "to `panic` on. Additionally, the `panic` exits our program and provides an " |
| "unpleasant error message." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "To improve the quality of our error message, we should be more specific " |
| "about the return type and consider explicitly handling the error." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:48 |
| msgid "Using `Result` in `main`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `Result` type can also be the return type of the `main` function if " |
| "specified explicitly. Typically the `main` function will be of the form:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "However `main` is also able to have a return type of `Result`. If an error " |
| "occurs within the `main` function it will return an error code and print a " |
| "debug representation of the error (using the [`Debug`](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/std/fmt/trait.Debug.html) trait). The following example shows such a " |
| "scenario and touches on aspects covered in [the following section](result/" |
| "early_returns.md)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Panicking in the previous example's `multiply` does not make for robust " |
| "code. Generally, we want to return the error to the caller so it can decide " |
| "what is the right way to respond to errors." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "We first need to know what kind of error type we are dealing with. To " |
| "determine the `Err` type, we look to [`parse()`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/primitive.str.html#method.parse), which is implemented with the " |
| "[`FromStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html) trait for " |
| "[`i32`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.i32.html). As a result, the " |
| "`Err` type is specified as [`ParseIntError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "num/struct.ParseIntError.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the example below, the straightforward `match` statement leads to code " |
| "that is overall more cumbersome." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// With the return type rewritten, we use pattern matching without " |
| "`unwrap()`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:35 src/error/result/result_map.md:68 |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:30 src/error/result/early_returns.md:30 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:28 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:61 |
| msgid "\"n is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:36 src/error/result/result_map.md:69 |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:31 src/error/result/early_returns.md:31 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:29 |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:62 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:55 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:42 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:54 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:68 |
| msgid "\"Error: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:41 src/error/result/result_map.md:74 |
| msgid "// This still presents a reasonable answer.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:45 src/error/result/result_map.md:78 |
| msgid "// The following now provides a much more helpful error message.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "Luckily, `Option`'s `map`, `and_then`, and many other combinators are also " |
| "implemented for `Result`. [`Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/" |
| "enum.Result.html) contains a complete listing." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_map.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "// As with `Option`, we can use combinators such as `map()`.\n" |
| "// This function is otherwise identical to the one above and reads:\n" |
| "// Multiply if both values can be parsed from str, otherwise pass on the " |
| "error.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "How about when we want to reuse a specific `Result` type many times? Recall " |
| "that Rust allows us to create [aliases](../../types/alias.md). Conveniently, " |
| "we can define one for the specific `Result` in question." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "At a module level, creating aliases can be particularly helpful. Errors " |
| "found in a specific module often have the same `Err` type, so a single alias " |
| "can succinctly define _all_ associated `Results`. This is so useful that the " |
| "`std` library even supplies one: [`io::Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/io/type.Result.html)!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:12 |
| msgid "Here's a quick example to show off the syntax:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define a generic alias for a `Result` with the error type " |
| "`ParseIntError`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:19 |
| msgid "// Use the above alias to refer to our specific `Result` type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:26 |
| msgid "// Here, the alias again allows us to save some space.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/result_alias.md:43 |
| msgid "[`io::Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/type.Result.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/early_returns.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the previous example, we explicitly handled the errors using combinators. " |
| "Another way to deal with this case analysis is to use a combination of " |
| "`match` statements and _early returns_." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/early_returns.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "That is, we can simply stop executing the function and return the error if " |
| "one occurs. For some, this form of code can be easier to both read and " |
| "write. Consider this version of the previous example, rewritten using early " |
| "returns:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/early_returns.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "At this point, we've learned to explicitly handle errors using combinators " |
| "and early returns. While we generally want to avoid panicking, explicitly " |
| "handling all of our errors is cumbersome." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/early_returns.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the next section, we'll introduce `?` for the cases where we simply need " |
| "to `unwrap` without possibly inducing `panic`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes we just want the simplicity of `unwrap` without the possibility of " |
| "a `panic`. Until now, `unwrap` has forced us to nest deeper and deeper when " |
| "what we really wanted was to get the variable _out_. This is exactly the " |
| "purpose of `?`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:7 |
| msgid "Upon finding an `Err`, there are two valid actions to take:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:9 |
| msgid "`panic!` which we already decided to try to avoid if possible" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:10 |
| msgid "`return` because an `Err` means it cannot be handled" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "`?` is _almost_[^†] exactly equivalent to an `unwrap` which `return`s " |
| "instead of `panic`king on `Err`s. Let's see how we can simplify the earlier " |
| "example that used combinators:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:39 |
| msgid "The `try!` macro" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "Before there was `?`, the same functionality was achieved with the `try!` " |
| "macro. The `?` operator is now recommended, but you may still find `try!` " |
| "when looking at older code. The same `multiply` function from the previous " |
| "example would look like this using `try!`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:47 |
| msgid "" |
| "// To compile and run this example without errors, while using Cargo, change " |
| "the value \n" |
| "// of the `edition` field, in the `[package]` section of the `Cargo.toml` " |
| "file, to \"2015\".\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/result/enter_question_mark.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "See [re-enter ?](../multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md) for more " |
| "details." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The previous examples have always been very convenient; `Result`s interact " |
| "with other `Result`s and `Option`s interact with other `Option`s." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes an `Option` needs to interact with a `Result`, or a `Result<T, " |
| "Error1>` needs to interact with a `Result<T, Error2>`. In those cases, we " |
| "want to manage our different error types in a way that makes them composable " |
| "and easy to interact with." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the following code, two instances of `unwrap` generate different error " |
| "types. `Vec::first` returns an `Option`, while `parse::<i32>` returns a " |
| "`Result<i32, ParseIntError>`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:17 |
| msgid "// Generate error 1\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:18 |
| msgid "// Generate error 2\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:22 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:16 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:45 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:60 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:47 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:59 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:77 src/error/iter_result.md:40 |
| msgid "\"42\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:22 src/error/multiple_error_types.md:24 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:16 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:18 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:45 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:47 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:60 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:62 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:47 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:49 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:59 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:61 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:77 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:79 src/error/iter_result.md:7 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:24 src/error/iter_result.md:40 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:60 src/error/iter_result.md:75 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:90 |
| msgid "\"93\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:22 src/error/multiple_error_types.md:24 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:16 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:18 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:45 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:47 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:60 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:62 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:47 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:49 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:59 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:61 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:77 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:79 src/error/iter_result.md:7 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:24 src/error/iter_result.md:40 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:60 src/error/iter_result.md:75 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:90 |
| msgid "\"18\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:24 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:18 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:47 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:62 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:49 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:61 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:79 src/error/iter_result.md:7 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:24 src/error/iter_result.md:40 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:60 src/error/iter_result.md:75 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:90 |
| msgid "\"tofu\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:26 src/error/multiple_error_types.md:28 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:31 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:54 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:41 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:53 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:66 |
| msgid "\"The first doubled is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:29 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:23 |
| msgid "// Error 1: the input vector is empty\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:32 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:26 |
| msgid "// Error 2: the element doesn't parse to a number\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types.md:36 |
| msgid "" |
| "Over the next sections, we'll see several strategies for handling these kind " |
| "of problems." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The most basic way of handling mixed error types is to just embed them in " |
| "each other." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:20 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:22 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:25 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:49 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:50 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:51 |
| msgid "\"The first doubled is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/option_result.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are times when we'll want to stop processing on errors (like with [`?`]" |
| "(../result/enter_question_mark.md)) but keep going when the `Option` is " |
| "`None`. The `transpose` function comes in handy to swap the `Result` and " |
| "`Option`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes it simplifies the code to mask all of the different errors with a " |
| "single type of error. We'll show this with a custom error." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust allows us to define our own error types. In general, a \"good\" error " |
| "type:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:8 |
| msgid "Represents different errors with the same type" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:9 |
| msgid "Presents nice error messages to the user" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:10 |
| msgid "Is easy to compare with other types" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:11 |
| msgid "Good: `Err(EmptyVec)`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "Bad: `Err(\"Please use a vector with at least one element\".to_owned())`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:13 |
| msgid "Can hold information about the error" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:14 |
| msgid "Good: `Err(BadChar(c, position))`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:15 |
| msgid "Bad: `Err(\"+ cannot be used here\".to_owned())`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:16 |
| msgid "Composes well with other errors" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Define our error types. These may be customized for our error handling " |
| "cases.\n" |
| "// Now we will be able to write our own errors, defer to an underlying " |
| "error\n" |
| "// implementation, or do something in between.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Generation of an error is completely separate from how it is displayed.\n" |
| "// There's no need to be concerned about cluttering complex logic with the " |
| "display style.\n" |
| "//\n" |
| "// Note that we don't store any extra info about the errors. This means we " |
| "can't state\n" |
| "// which string failed to parse without modifying our types to carry that " |
| "information.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:36 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:23 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:37 |
| msgid "\"invalid first item to double\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:42 |
| msgid "// Change the error to our new type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.md:46 |
| msgid "// Update to the new error type here also.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "A way to write simple code while preserving the original errors is to [`Box`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) them. The drawback is " |
| "that the underlying error type is only known at runtime and not [statically " |
| "determined](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-02-trait-objects.html#trait-" |
| "objects-perform-dynamic-dispatch)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "The stdlib helps in boxing our errors by having `Box` implement conversion " |
| "from any type that implements the `Error` trait into the trait object " |
| "`Box<Error>`, via [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." |
| "html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:14 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:28 |
| msgid "// Change the alias to use `Box<dyn error::Error>`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:31 |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:34 |
| msgid "// Converts to Box\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Dynamic dispatch](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-02-trait-objects." |
| "html#trait-objects-perform-dynamic-dispatch) and [`Error` trait](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/std/error/trait.Error.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Notice in the previous example that our immediate reaction to calling " |
| "`parse` is to `map` the error from a library error into a boxed error:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since this is a simple and common operation, it would be convenient if it " |
| "could be elided. Alas, because `and_then` is not sufficiently flexible, it " |
| "cannot. However, we can instead use `?`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "`?` was previously explained as either `unwrap` or `return Err(err)`. This " |
| "is only mostly true. It actually means `unwrap` or `return Err(From::" |
| "from(err))`. Since `From::from` is a conversion utility between different " |
| "types, this means that if you `?` where the error is convertible to the " |
| "return type, it will convert automatically." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Here, we rewrite the previous example using `?`. As a result, the `map_err` " |
| "will go away when `From::from` is implemented for our error type:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The same structure as before but rather than chain all `Results`\n" |
| "// and `Options` along, we `?` to get the inner value out immediately.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:69 |
| msgid "" |
| "This is actually fairly clean now. Compared with the original `panic`, it is " |
| "very similar to replacing the `unwrap` calls with `?` except that the return " |
| "types are `Result`. As a result, they must be destructured at the top level." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.md:76 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`From::from`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`?" |
| "`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/operator-expr.html#the-" |
| "question-mark-operator)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:3 |
| msgid "An alternative to boxing errors is to wrap them in your own error type." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "// We will defer to the parse error implementation for their error.\n" |
| " // Supplying extra info requires adding more data to the type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:25 |
| msgid "\"please use a vector with at least one element\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The wrapped error contains additional information and is available\n" |
| " // via the source() method.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:29 |
| msgid "\"the provided string could not be parsed as int\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The cause is the underlying implementation error type. Is implicitly\n" |
| " // cast to the trait object `&error::Error`. This works because " |
| "the\n" |
| " // underlying type already implements the `Error` trait.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Implement the conversion from `ParseIntError` to `DoubleError`.\n" |
| "// This will be automatically called by `?` if a `ParseIntError`\n" |
| "// needs to be converted into a `DoubleError`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here we implicitly use the `ParseIntError` implementation of `From` " |
| "(which\n" |
| " // we defined above) in order to create a `DoubleError`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:70 |
| msgid "\" Caused by: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:87 |
| msgid "" |
| "This adds a bit more boilerplate for handling errors and might not be needed " |
| "in all applications. There are some libraries that can take care of the " |
| "boilerplate for you." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:93 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`From::from`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and " |
| "[`Enums`](../../custom_types/enum.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.md:95 |
| msgid "" |
| "[`Crates for handling errors`](https://crates.io/keywords/error-handling)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:3 |
| msgid "An `Iter::map` operation might fail, for example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:12 src/error/iter_result.md:29 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:65 |
| msgid "\"Results: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:16 |
| msgid "Let's step through strategies for handling this." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:18 |
| msgid "Ignore the failed items with `filter_map()`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "`filter_map` calls a function and filters out the results that are `None`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:33 |
| msgid "Collect the failed items with `map_err()` and `filter_map()`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:35 |
| msgid "" |
| "`map_err` calls a function with the error, so by adding that to the previous " |
| "`filter_map` solution we can save them off to the side while iterating." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:40 |
| msgid "\"999\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:47 src/error/iter_result.md:80 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:97 |
| msgid "\"Numbers: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:48 src/error/iter_result.md:81 |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:98 |
| msgid "\"Errors: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:52 |
| msgid "Fail the entire operation with `collect()`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:54 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Result` implements `FromIterator` so that a vector of results " |
| "(`Vec<Result<T, E>>`) can be turned into a result with a vector " |
| "(`Result<Vec<T>, E>`). Once an `Result::Err` is found, the iteration will " |
| "terminate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:69 |
| msgid "This same technique can be used with `Option`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:71 |
| msgid "Collect all valid values and failures with `partition()`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/error/iter_result.md:85 |
| msgid "" |
| "When you look at the results, you'll note that everything is still wrapped " |
| "in `Result`. A little more boilerplate is needed for this." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `std` library provides many custom types which expands drastically on " |
| "the `primitives`. Some of these include:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:6 |
| msgid "growable `String`s like: `\"hello world\"`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:7 |
| msgid "growable vectors: `[1, 2, 3]`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:8 |
| msgid "optional types: `Option<i32>`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:9 |
| msgid "error handling types: `Result<i32, i32>`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:10 |
| msgid "heap allocated pointers: `Box<i32>`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std.md:14 src/std_misc.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "[primitives](primitives.md) and [the std library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "All values in Rust are stack allocated by default. Values can be _boxed_ " |
| "(allocated on the heap) by creating a `Box<T>`. A box is a smart pointer to " |
| "a heap allocated value of type `T`. When a box goes out of scope, its " |
| "destructor is called, the inner object is destroyed, and the memory on the " |
| "heap is freed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Boxed values can be dereferenced using the `*` operator; this removes one " |
| "layer of indirection." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:20 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A Rectangle can be specified by where its top left and bottom right \n" |
| "// corners are in space\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:34 |
| msgid "// Allocate this point on the heap, and return a pointer to it\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// (all the type annotations are superfluous)\n" |
| " // Stack allocated variables\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:47 |
| msgid "// Heap allocated rectangle\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:53 |
| msgid "// The output of functions can be boxed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:56 |
| msgid "// Double indirection\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:59 |
| msgid "\"Point occupies {} bytes on the stack\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:61 |
| msgid "\"Rectangle occupies {} bytes on the stack\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:64 |
| msgid "// box size == pointer size\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:65 |
| msgid "\"Boxed point occupies {} bytes on the stack\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:67 |
| msgid "\"Boxed rectangle occupies {} bytes on the stack\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:69 |
| msgid "\"Boxed box occupies {} bytes on the stack\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:72 |
| msgid "// Copy the data contained in `boxed_point` into `unboxed_point`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/box.md:74 |
| msgid "\"Unboxed point occupies {} bytes on the stack\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Vectors are re-sizable arrays. Like slices, their size is not known at " |
| "compile time, but they can grow or shrink at any time. A vector is " |
| "represented using 3 parameters:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:7 |
| msgid "pointer to the data" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:8 |
| msgid "length" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:9 |
| msgid "capacity" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "The capacity indicates how much memory is reserved for the vector. The " |
| "vector can grow as long as the length is smaller than the capacity. When " |
| "this threshold needs to be surpassed, the vector is reallocated with a " |
| "larger capacity." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:17 |
| msgid "// Iterators can be collected into vectors\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:19 |
| msgid "\"Collected (0..10) into: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:21 |
| msgid "// The `vec!` macro can be used to initialize a vector\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:23 |
| msgid "\"Initial vector: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:25 |
| msgid "// Insert new element at the end of the vector\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:26 |
| msgid "\"Push 4 into the vector\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:28 |
| msgid "\"Vector: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:30 |
| msgid "// Error! Immutable vectors can't grow\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `len` method yields the number of elements currently stored in a " |
| "vector\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:35 |
| msgid "\"Vector length: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:37 |
| msgid "// Indexing is done using the square brackets (indexing starts at 0)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:38 |
| msgid "\"Second element: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:40 |
| msgid "// `pop` removes the last element from the vector and returns it\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:41 |
| msgid "\"Pop last element: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:43 |
| msgid "// Out of bounds indexing yields a panic\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:44 |
| msgid "\"Fourth element: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:47 |
| msgid "// `Vector`s can be easily iterated over\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:48 |
| msgid "\"Contents of xs:\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "// A `Vector` can also be iterated over while the iteration\n" |
| " // count is enumerated in a separate variable (`i`)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:56 |
| msgid "\"In position {} we have value {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Thanks to `iter_mut`, mutable `Vector`s can also be iterated\n" |
| " // over in a way that allows modifying each value\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:64 |
| msgid "\"Updated vector: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/vec.md:68 |
| msgid "" |
| "More `Vec` methods can be found under the [std::vec](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/std/vec/) module" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:3 |
| msgid "The two most used string types in Rust are `String` and `&str`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `String` is stored as a vector of bytes (`Vec<u8>`), but guaranteed to " |
| "always be a valid UTF-8 sequence. `String` is heap allocated, growable and " |
| "not null terminated." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "`&str` is a slice (`&[u8]`) that always points to a valid UTF-8 sequence, " |
| "and can be used to view into a `String`, just like `&[T]` is a view into " |
| "`Vec<T>`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "// (all the type annotations are superfluous)\n" |
| " // A reference to a string allocated in read only memory\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:16 |
| msgid "\"the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:17 |
| msgid "\"Pangram: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:19 |
| msgid "// Iterate over words in reverse, no new string is allocated\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:20 |
| msgid "\"Words in reverse\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:25 |
| msgid "// Copy chars into a vector, sort and remove duplicates\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:30 |
| msgid "// Create an empty and growable `String`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:33 |
| msgid "// Insert a char at the end of string\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:35 |
| msgid "// Insert a string at the end of string\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:39 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The trimmed string is a slice to the original string, hence no new\n" |
| " // allocation is performed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:43 |
| msgid "\"Used characters: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:45 |
| msgid "// Heap allocate a string\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:46 |
| msgid "\"I like dogs\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:47 |
| msgid "// Allocate new memory and store the modified string there\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:48 |
| msgid "\"dog\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:48 |
| msgid "\"cat\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Alice says: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:51 |
| msgid "\"Bob says: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "More `str`/`String` methods can be found under the [std::str](https://doc." |
| "rust-lang.org/std/str/) and [std::string](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "string/) modules" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:60 |
| msgid "Literals and escapes" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:62 |
| msgid "" |
| "There are multiple ways to write string literals with special characters in " |
| "them. All result in a similar `&str` so it's best to use the form that is " |
| "the most convenient to write. Similarly there are multiple ways to write " |
| "byte string literals, which all result in `&[u8; N]`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:67 |
| msgid "" |
| "Generally special characters are escaped with a backslash character: `\\`. " |
| "This way you can add any character to your string, even unprintable ones and " |
| "ones that you don't know how to type. If you want a literal backslash, " |
| "escape it with another one: `\\\\`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:72 |
| msgid "" |
| "String or character literal delimiters occurring within a literal must be " |
| "escaped: `\"\\\"\"`, `'\\''`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:76 |
| msgid "// You can use escapes to write bytes by their hexadecimal values...\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:77 |
| msgid "\"I'm writing \\x52\\x75\\x73\\x74!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:78 |
| msgid "\"What are you doing\\x3F (\\\\x3F means ?) {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:80 |
| msgid "// ...or Unicode code points.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:81 |
| msgid "\"\\u{211D}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:82 |
| msgid "\"\\\"DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL R\\\"\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:84 |
| msgid "\"Unicode character {} (U+211D) is called {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:88 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"String literals\n" |
| " can span multiple lines.\n" |
| " The linebreak and indentation here ->\\\n" |
| " <- can be escaped too!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:96 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes there are just too many characters that need to be escaped or it's " |
| "just much more convenient to write a string out as-is. This is where raw " |
| "string literals come into play." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:101 |
| msgid "r\"Escapes don't work here: \\x3F \\u{211D}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:104 |
| msgid "// If you need quotes in a raw string, add a pair of #s\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:105 |
| msgid "r#\"And then I said: \"There is no escape!\"\"#" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:108 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If you need \"# in your string, just use more #s in the delimiter.\n" |
| " // You can use up to 255 #s.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:110 |
| msgid "r###\"A string with \"# in it. And even \"##!\"###" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:115 |
| msgid "" |
| "Want a string that's not UTF-8? (Remember, `str` and `String` must be valid " |
| "UTF-8). Or maybe you want an array of bytes that's mostly text? Byte strings " |
| "to the rescue!" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:122 |
| msgid "// Note that this is not actually a `&str`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:123 |
| msgid "b\"this is a byte string\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:125 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Byte arrays don't have the `Display` trait, so printing them is a bit " |
| "limited\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:126 |
| msgid "\"A byte string: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:128 |
| msgid "// Byte strings can have byte escapes...\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:129 |
| msgid "b\"\\x52\\x75\\x73\\x74 as bytes\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:130 |
| msgid "" |
| "// ...but no unicode escapes\n" |
| " // let escaped = b\"\\u{211D} is not allowed\";\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:132 |
| msgid "\"Some escaped bytes: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:135 |
| msgid "// Raw byte strings work just like raw strings\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:136 |
| msgid "br\"\\u{211D} is not escaped here\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:139 |
| msgid "// Converting a byte array to `str` can fail\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:141 |
| msgid "\"And the same as text: '{}'\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:144 |
| msgid "" |
| "br#\"You can also use \"fancier\" formatting, \\\n" |
| " like with normal raw strings\"#" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:147 |
| msgid "// Byte strings don't have to be UTF-8\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:148 |
| msgid "b\"\\x82\\xe6\\x82\\xa8\\x82\\xb1\\x82\\xbb\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:148 |
| msgid "// \"ようこそ\" in SHIFT-JIS\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:150 |
| msgid "// But then they can't always be converted to `str`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:152 |
| msgid "\"Conversion successful: '{}'\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:153 |
| msgid "\"Conversion failed: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:158 |
| msgid "" |
| "For conversions between character encodings check out the [encoding](https://" |
| "crates.io/crates/encoding) crate." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/str.md:160 |
| msgid "" |
| "A more detailed listing of the ways to write string literals and escape " |
| "characters is given in the ['Tokens' chapter](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "reference/tokens.html) of the Rust Reference." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes it's desirable to catch the failure of some parts of a program " |
| "instead of calling `panic!`; this can be accomplished using the `Option` " |
| "enum." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:6 |
| msgid "The `Option<T>` enum has two variants:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:8 |
| msgid "`None`, to indicate failure or lack of value, and" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:9 |
| msgid "`Some(value)`, a tuple struct that wraps a `value` with type `T`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:12 |
| msgid "// An integer division that doesn't `panic!`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:15 |
| msgid "// Failure is represented as the `None` variant\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:18 |
| msgid "// Result is wrapped in a `Some` variant\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:22 |
| msgid "// This function handles a division that may not succeed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:25 |
| msgid "// `Option` values can be pattern matched, just like other enums\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:27 |
| msgid "\"{} / {} failed!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:29 |
| msgid "\"{} / {} = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:38 |
| msgid "// Binding `None` to a variable needs to be type annotated\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:44 |
| msgid "// Unwrapping a `Some` variant will extract the value wrapped.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:45 src/std/option.md:48 |
| msgid "\"{:?} unwraps to {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/option.md:47 |
| msgid "// Unwrapping a `None` variant will `panic!`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "We've seen that the `Option` enum can be used as a return value from " |
| "functions that may fail, where `None` can be returned to indicate failure. " |
| "However, sometimes it is important to express _why_ an operation failed. To " |
| "do this we have the `Result` enum." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:8 |
| msgid "The `Result<T, E>` enum has two variants:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Ok(value)` which indicates that the operation succeeded, and wraps the " |
| "`value` returned by the operation. (`value` has type `T`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "`Err(why)`, which indicates that the operation failed, and wraps `why`, " |
| "which (hopefully) explains the cause of the failure. (`why` has type `E`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:17 |
| msgid "// Mathematical \"errors\" we want to catch\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This operation would `fail`, instead let's return the reason of\n" |
| " // the failure wrapped in `Err`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:33 |
| msgid "// This operation is valid, return the result wrapped in `Ok`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:54 |
| msgid "// `op(x, y)` === `sqrt(ln(x / y))`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:57 |
| msgid "// This is a three level match pyramid!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result.md:71 |
| msgid "// Will this fail?\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Chaining results using match can get pretty untidy; luckily, the `?` " |
| "operator can be used to make things pretty again. `?` is used at the end of " |
| "an expression returning a `Result`, and is equivalent to a match expression, " |
| "where the `Err(err)` branch expands to an early `return Err(From::" |
| "from(err))`, and the `Ok(ok)` branch expands to an `ok` expression." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:44 |
| msgid "// Intermediate function\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:46 |
| msgid "// if `div` \"fails\", then `DivisionByZero` will be `return`ed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:49 |
| msgid "// if `ln` \"fails\", then `NonPositiveLogarithm` will be `return`ed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:59 |
| msgid "\"logarithm of non-positive number\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:61 src/std/panic.md:15 |
| msgid "\"division by zero\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:63 |
| msgid "\"square root of negative number\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/result/question_mark.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "Be sure to check the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/" |
| "index.html), as there are many methods to map/compose `Result`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `panic!` macro can be used to generate a panic and start unwinding its " |
| "stack. While unwinding, the runtime will take care of freeing all the " |
| "resources _owned_ by the thread by calling the destructor of all its objects." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since we are dealing with programs with only one thread, `panic!` will cause " |
| "the program to report the panic message and exit." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:11 |
| msgid "// Re-implementation of integer division (/)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:14 |
| msgid "// Division by zero triggers a panic\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:20 |
| msgid "// The `main` task\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:23 |
| msgid "// Heap allocated integer\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:26 |
| msgid "// This operation will trigger a task failure\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:29 |
| msgid "\"This point won't be reached!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:31 |
| msgid "// `_x` should get destroyed at this point\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/panic.md:35 |
| msgid "Let's check that `panic!` doesn't leak memory." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Where vectors store values by an integer index, `HashMap`s store values by " |
| "key. `HashMap` keys can be booleans, integers, strings, or any other type " |
| "that implements the `Eq` and `Hash` traits. More on this in the next section." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Like vectors, `HashMap`s are growable, but HashMaps can also shrink " |
| "themselves when they have excess space. You can create a HashMap with a " |
| "certain starting capacity using `HashMap::with_capacity(uint)`, or use " |
| "`HashMap::new()` to get a HashMap with a default initial capacity " |
| "(recommended)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:19 src/std/hash.md:30 |
| msgid "\"798-1364\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"We're sorry, the call cannot be completed as dialed. \n" |
| " Please hang up and try again.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:21 src/std/hash.md:31 |
| msgid "\"645-7689\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:21 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"Hello, this is Mr. Awesome's Pizza. My name is Fred.\n" |
| " What can I get for you today?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:23 |
| msgid "\"Hi! Who is this again?\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:30 src/std/hash.md:36 src/std/hash.md:43 |
| msgid "\"Daniel\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:31 src/std/hash.md:45 src/std/hash.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Ashley\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:32 |
| msgid "\"Katie\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:32 |
| msgid "\"435-8291\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:33 |
| msgid "\"Robert\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:33 |
| msgid "\"956-1745\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:35 |
| msgid "// Takes a reference and returns Option<&V>\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:37 |
| msgid "\"Calling Daniel: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:38 |
| msgid "\"Don't have Daniel's number.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:41 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `HashMap::insert()` returns `None`\n" |
| " // if the inserted value is new, `Some(value)` otherwise\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:43 |
| msgid "\"164-6743\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:46 |
| msgid "\"Calling Ashley: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:47 |
| msgid "\"Don't have Ashley's number.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `HashMap::iter()` returns an iterator that yields \n" |
| " // (&'a key, &'a value) pairs in arbitrary order.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:55 |
| msgid "\"Calling {}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash.md:60 |
| msgid "" |
| "For more information on how hashing and hash maps (sometimes called hash " |
| "tables) work, have a look at [Hash Table Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/" |
| "wiki/Hash_table)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Any type that implements the `Eq` and `Hash` traits can be a key in " |
| "`HashMap`. This includes:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:6 |
| msgid "`bool` (though not very useful since there are only two possible keys)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:7 |
| msgid "`int`, `uint`, and all variations thereof" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "`String` and `&str` (protip: you can have a `HashMap` keyed by `String` and " |
| "call `.get()` with an `&str`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that `f32` and `f64` do _not_ implement `Hash`, likely because " |
| "[floating-point precision errors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" |
| "Floating_point#Accuracy_problems) would make using them as hashmap keys " |
| "horribly error-prone." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "All collection classes implement `Eq` and `Hash` if their contained type " |
| "also respectively implements `Eq` and `Hash`. For example, `Vec<T>` will " |
| "implement `Hash` if `T` implements `Hash`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "You can easily implement `Eq` and `Hash` for a custom type with just one " |
| "line: `#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "The compiler will do the rest. If you want more control over the details, " |
| "you can implement `Eq` and/or `Hash` yourself. This guide will not cover the " |
| "specifics of implementing `Hash`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "To play around with using a `struct` in `HashMap`, let's try making a very " |
| "simple user logon system:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:31 |
| msgid "// Eq requires that you derive PartialEq on the type.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:48 |
| msgid "\"Username: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:49 |
| msgid "\"Password: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:50 |
| msgid "\"Attempting logon...\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:59 |
| msgid "\"Successful logon!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:60 |
| msgid "\"Name: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:61 |
| msgid "\"Email: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:63 |
| msgid "\"Login failed!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:71 src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:82 |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:84 |
| msgid "\"j.everyman\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:72 src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:84 |
| msgid "\"password123\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:76 |
| msgid "\"John Everyman\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:77 |
| msgid "\"j.everyman@email.com\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/alt_key_types.md:82 |
| msgid "\"psasword123\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Consider a `HashSet` as a `HashMap` where we just care about the keys " |
| "( `HashSet<T>` is, in actuality, just a wrapper around `HashMap<T, ()>`)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"What's the point of that?\" you ask. \"I could just store the keys in a " |
| "`Vec`.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `HashSet`'s unique feature is that it is guaranteed to not have duplicate " |
| "elements. That's the contract that any set collection fulfills. `HashSet` is " |
| "just one implementation. (see also: [`BTreeSet`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/collections/struct.BTreeSet.html))" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "If you insert a value that is already present in the `HashSet`, (i.e. the " |
| "new value is equal to the existing and they both have the same hash), then " |
| "the new value will replace the old." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "This is great for when you never want more than one of something, or when " |
| "you want to know if you've already got something." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:20 |
| msgid "But sets can do more than that." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sets have 4 primary operations (all of the following calls return an " |
| "iterator):" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:24 |
| msgid "`union`: get all the unique elements in both sets." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "`difference`: get all the elements that are in the first set but not the " |
| "second." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:28 |
| msgid "`intersection`: get all the elements that are only in _both_ sets." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:30 |
| msgid "" |
| "`symmetric_difference`: get all the elements that are in one set or the " |
| "other, but _not_ both." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:33 |
| msgid "Try all of these in the following example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:45 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `HashSet::insert()` returns false if\n" |
| " // there was a value already present.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:47 |
| msgid "\"Value 4 is already in set B!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "// If a collection's element type implements `Debug`,\n" |
| " // then the collection implements `Debug`.\n" |
| " // It usually prints its elements in the format `[elem1, elem2, ...]`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:55 |
| msgid "\"A: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:56 |
| msgid "\"B: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:58 |
| msgid "// Print [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] in arbitrary order\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:59 |
| msgid "\"Union: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:61 |
| msgid "// This should print [1]\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:62 |
| msgid "\"Difference: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:64 |
| msgid "// Print [2, 3, 4] in arbitrary order.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:65 |
| msgid "\"Intersection: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:67 |
| msgid "// Print [1, 5]\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:68 |
| msgid "\"Symmetric Difference: {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/hash/hashset.md:73 |
| msgid "" |
| "(Examples are adapted from the [documentation.](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#method.difference))" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "When multiple ownership is needed, `Rc`(Reference Counting) can be used. " |
| "`Rc` keeps track of the number of the references which means the number of " |
| "owners of the value wrapped inside an `Rc`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "Reference count of an `Rc` increases by 1 whenever an `Rc` is cloned, and " |
| "decreases by 1 whenever one cloned `Rc` is dropped out of the scope. When an " |
| "`Rc`'s reference count becomes zero (which means there are no remaining " |
| "owners), both the `Rc` and the value are all dropped." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:12 |
| msgid "" |
| "Cloning an `Rc` never performs a deep copy. Cloning creates just another " |
| "pointer to the wrapped value, and increments the count." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:19 |
| msgid "\"Rc examples\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:21 |
| msgid "\"--- rc_a is created ---\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:24 src/std/rc.md:31 src/std/rc.md:43 |
| msgid "\"Reference Count of rc_a: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:27 |
| msgid "\"--- rc_a is cloned to rc_b ---\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:30 |
| msgid "\"Reference Count of rc_b: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:33 |
| msgid "// Two `Rc`s are equal if their inner values are equal\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:34 |
| msgid "\"rc_a and rc_b are equal: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:36 |
| msgid "// We can use methods of a value directly\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:37 |
| msgid "\"Length of the value inside rc_a: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:38 |
| msgid "\"Value of rc_b: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:40 |
| msgid "\"--- rc_b is dropped out of scope ---\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:45 |
| msgid "\"--- rc_a is dropped out of scope ---\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:48 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Error! `rc_examples` already moved into `rc_a`\n" |
| " // And when `rc_a` is dropped, `rc_examples` is dropped together\n" |
| " // println!(\"rc_examples: {}\", rc_examples);\n" |
| " // TODO ^ Try uncommenting this line\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/rc.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "[std::rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/index.html) and [std::sync::arc]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:1 |
| msgid "Arc" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "When shared ownership between threads is needed, `Arc`(Atomically Reference " |
| "Counted) can be used. This struct, via the `Clone` implementation can create " |
| "a reference pointer for the location of a value in the memory heap while " |
| "increasing the reference counter. As it shares ownership between threads, " |
| "when the last reference pointer to a value is out of scope, the variable is " |
| "dropped." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:15 |
| msgid "// This variable declaration is where its value is specified.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:16 |
| msgid "\"the same apple\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Here there is no value specification as it is a pointer to a\n" |
| " // reference in the memory heap.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "// As Arc was used, threads can be spawned using the value allocated\n" |
| " // in the Arc variable pointer's location.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std/arc.md:30 |
| msgid "// Make sure all Arc instances are printed from spawned threads.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Many other types are provided by the std library to support things such as:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc.md:10 |
| msgid "These expand beyond what the [primitives](primitives.md) provide." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides a mechanism for spawning native OS threads via the `spawn` " |
| "function, the argument of this function is a moving closure." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:10 src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:28 |
| msgid "// This is the `main` thread\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:13 |
| msgid "// Make a vector to hold the children which are spawned.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:17 |
| msgid "// Spin up another thread\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:19 |
| msgid "\"this is thread number {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:24 |
| msgid "// Wait for the thread to finish. Returns a result.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads.md:30 |
| msgid "These threads will be scheduled by the OS." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust makes it very easy to parallelize data processing, without many of the " |
| "headaches traditionally associated with such an attempt." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "The standard library provides great threading primitives out of the box. " |
| "These, combined with Rust's concept of Ownership and aliasing rules, " |
| "automatically prevent data races." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "The aliasing rules (one writable reference XOR many readable references) " |
| "automatically prevent you from manipulating state that is visible to other " |
| "threads. (Where synchronization is needed, there are synchronization " |
| "primitives like `Mutex`es or `Channel`s.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:14 |
| msgid "" |
| "In this example, we will calculate the sum of all digits in a block of " |
| "numbers. We will do this by parcelling out chunks of the block into " |
| "different threads. Each thread will sum its tiny block of digits, and " |
| "subsequently we will sum the intermediate sums produced by each thread." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that, although we're passing references across thread boundaries, Rust " |
| "understands that we're only passing read-only references, and that thus no " |
| "unsafety or data races can occur. Also because the references we're passing " |
| "have `'static` lifetimes, Rust understands that our data won't be destroyed " |
| "while these threads are still running. (When you need to share non-`static` " |
| "data between threads, you can use a smart pointer like `Arc` to keep the " |
| "data alive and avoid non-`static` lifetimes.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is our data to process.\n" |
| " // We will calculate the sum of all digits via a threaded map-reduce " |
| "algorithm.\n" |
| " // Each whitespace separated chunk will be handled in a different " |
| "thread.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // TODO: see what happens to the output if you insert spaces!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"86967897737416471853297327050364959\n" |
| "11861322575564723963297542624962850\n" |
| "70856234701860851907960690014725639\n" |
| "38397966707106094172783238747669219\n" |
| "52380795257888236525459303330302837\n" |
| "58495327135744041048897885734297812\n" |
| "69920216438980873548808413720956532\n" |
| "16278424637452589860345374828574668\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:46 |
| msgid "// Make a vector to hold the child-threads which we will spawn.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:49 |
| msgid "" |
| "/*************************************************************************\n" |
| " * \"Map\" phase\n" |
| " *\n" |
| " * Divide our data into segments, and apply initial processing\n" |
| " ************************************************************************/" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:55 |
| msgid "" |
| "// split our data into segments for individual calculation\n" |
| " // each chunk will be a reference (&str) into the actual data\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:59 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Iterate over the data segments.\n" |
| " // .enumerate() adds the current loop index to whatever is iterated\n" |
| " // the resulting tuple \"(index, element)\" is then immediately\n" |
| " // \"destructured\" into two variables, \"i\" and \"data_segment\" with " |
| "a\n" |
| " // \"destructuring assignment\"\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:65 |
| msgid "\"data segment {} is \\\"{}\\\"\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:67 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Process each data segment in a separate thread\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // spawn() returns a handle to the new thread,\n" |
| " // which we MUST keep to access the returned value\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // 'move || -> u32' is syntax for a closure that:\n" |
| " // * takes no arguments ('||')\n" |
| " // * takes ownership of its captured variables ('move') and\n" |
| " // * returns an unsigned 32-bit integer ('-> u32')\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // Rust is smart enough to infer the '-> u32' from\n" |
| " // the closure itself so we could have left that out.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // TODO: try removing the 'move' and see what happens\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:82 |
| msgid "// Calculate the intermediate sum of this segment:\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:84 |
| msgid "// iterate over the characters of our segment..\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:86 |
| msgid "// .. convert text-characters to their number value..\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:87 |
| msgid "\"should be a digit\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:88 |
| msgid "// .. and sum the resulting iterator of numbers\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:91 |
| msgid "// println! locks stdout, so no text-interleaving occurs\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:92 |
| msgid "\"processed segment {}, result={}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:94 |
| msgid "" |
| "// \"return\" not needed, because Rust is an \"expression language\", the\n" |
| " // last evaluated expression in each block is automatically its " |
| "value.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:102 |
| msgid "" |
| "/*************************************************************************\n" |
| " * \"Reduce\" phase\n" |
| " *\n" |
| " * Collect our intermediate results, and combine them into a final " |
| "result\n" |
| " ************************************************************************/" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:108 |
| msgid "" |
| "// combine each thread's intermediate results into a single final sum.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // we use the \"turbofish\" ::<> to provide sum() with a type hint.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // TODO: try without the turbofish, by instead explicitly\n" |
| " // specifying the type of final_result\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:116 |
| msgid "\"Final sum result: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:122 |
| msgid "Assignments" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:124 |
| msgid "" |
| "It is not wise to let our number of threads depend on user inputted data. " |
| "What if the user decides to insert a lot of spaces? Do we _really_ want to " |
| "spawn 2,000 threads? Modify the program so that the data is always chunked " |
| "into a limited number of chunks, defined by a static constant at the " |
| "beginning of the program." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:131 |
| msgid "[Threads](../threads.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:132 |
| msgid "[vectors](../../std/vec.md) and [iterators](../../trait/iter.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:133 |
| msgid "" |
| "[closures](../../fn/closures.md), [move](../../scope/move.md) semantics and " |
| "[`move` closures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-01-closures." |
| "html#closures-can-capture-their-environment)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:134 |
| msgid "" |
| "[destructuring](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-03-pattern-syntax." |
| "html#destructuring-to-break-apart-values) assignments" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:135 |
| msgid "" |
| "[turbofish notation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/appendix-02-operators." |
| "html?highlight=turbofish) to help type inference" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:136 |
| msgid "[unwrap vs. expect](../../error/option_unwrap.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/threads/testcase_mapreduce.md:137 |
| msgid "[enumerate](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/loops.html#enumerate)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides asynchronous `channels` for communication between threads. " |
| "Channels allow a unidirectional flow of information between two end-points: " |
| "the `Sender` and the `Receiver`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Channels have two endpoints: the `Sender<T>` and the `Receiver<T>`,\n" |
| " // where `T` is the type of the message to be transferred\n" |
| " // (type annotation is superfluous)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:22 |
| msgid "// The sender endpoint can be copied\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:25 |
| msgid "// Each thread will send its id via the channel\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The thread takes ownership over `thread_tx`\n" |
| " // Each thread queues a message in the channel\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Sending is a non-blocking operation, the thread will continue\n" |
| " // immediately after sending its message\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:33 |
| msgid "\"thread {} finished\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:39 |
| msgid "// Here, all the messages are collected\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `recv` method picks a message from the channel\n" |
| " // `recv` will block the current thread if there are no messages " |
| "available\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:47 |
| msgid "// Wait for the threads to complete any remaining work\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:49 |
| msgid "\"oops! the child thread panicked\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/channels.md:52 |
| msgid "// Show the order in which the messages were sent\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `Path` struct represents file paths in the underlying filesystem. There " |
| "are two flavors of `Path`: `posix::Path`, for UNIX-like systems, and " |
| "`windows::Path`, for Windows. The prelude exports the appropriate platform-" |
| "specific `Path` variant." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `Path` can be created from an `OsStr`, and provides several methods to get " |
| "information from the file/directory the path points to." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `Path` is immutable. The owned version of `Path` is `PathBuf`. The " |
| "relation between `Path` and `PathBuf` is similar to that of `str` and " |
| "`String`: a `PathBuf` can be mutated in-place, and can be dereferenced to a " |
| "`Path`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that a `Path` is _not_ internally represented as an UTF-8 string, but " |
| "instead is stored as an `OsString`. Therefore, converting a `Path` to a " |
| "`&str` is _not_ free and may fail (an `Option` is returned). However, a " |
| "`Path` can be freely converted to an `OsString` or `&OsStr` using " |
| "`into_os_string` and `as_os_str`, respectively." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:25 |
| msgid "// Create a `Path` from an `&'static str`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:26 |
| msgid "\".\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:28 |
| msgid "// The `display` method returns a `Display`able structure\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// `join` merges a path with a byte container using the OS specific\n" |
| " // separator, and returns a `PathBuf`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:35 |
| msgid "// `push` extends the `PathBuf` with a `&Path`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:37 |
| msgid "\"myfile.tar.gz\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:39 |
| msgid "// `set_file_name` updates the file name of the `PathBuf`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:40 |
| msgid "\"package.tgz\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:42 |
| msgid "// Convert the `PathBuf` into a string slice\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:44 |
| msgid "\"new path is not a valid UTF-8 sequence\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:45 |
| msgid "\"new path is {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:51 |
| msgid "" |
| "Be sure to check at other `Path` methods (`posix::Path` or `windows::Path`) " |
| "and the `Metadata` struct." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/path.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "[OsStr](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and [Metadata]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fs/struct.Metadata.html)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `File` struct represents a file that has been opened (it wraps a file " |
| "descriptor), and gives read and/or write access to the underlying file." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since many things can go wrong when doing file I/O, all the `File` methods " |
| "return the `io::Result<T>` type, which is an alias for `Result<T, io::" |
| "Error>`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "This makes the failure of all I/O operations _explicit_. Thanks to this, the " |
| "programmer can see all the failure paths, and is encouraged to handle them " |
| "in a proactive manner." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:3 |
| msgid "The `open` function can be used to open a file in read-only mode." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "A `File` owns a resource, the file descriptor and takes care of closing the " |
| "file when it is `drop`ed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:14 |
| msgid "// Create a path to the desired file\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:15 |
| msgid "\"hello.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:18 |
| msgid "// Open the path in read-only mode, returns `io::Result<File>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:20 |
| msgid "\"couldn't open {}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:24 |
| msgid "// Read the file contents into a string, returns `io::Result<usize>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:27 |
| msgid "\"couldn't read {}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:28 |
| msgid "\"{} contains:\\n{}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:31 |
| msgid "// `file` goes out of scope, and the \"hello.txt\" file gets closed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:35 src/std_misc/file/create.md:39 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:109 |
| msgid "Here's the expected successful output:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ echo \"Hello World!\" > hello.txt\n" |
| "$ rustc open.rs && ./open\n" |
| "hello.txt contains:\n" |
| "Hello World!\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/open.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "(You are encouraged to test the previous example under different failure " |
| "conditions: `hello.txt` doesn't exist, or `hello.txt` is not readable, etc.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `create` function opens a file in write-only mode. If the file already " |
| "existed, the old content is destroyed. Otherwise, a new file is created." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod\n" |
| "tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim " |
| "veniam,\n" |
| "quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo\n" |
| "consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse\n" |
| "cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat " |
| "non\n" |
| "proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.\n" |
| "\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:22 |
| msgid "\"lorem_ipsum.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:25 |
| msgid "// Open a file in write-only mode, returns `io::Result<File>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:27 |
| msgid "\"couldn't create {}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:31 |
| msgid "// Write the `LOREM_IPSUM` string to `file`, returns `io::Result<()>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:33 |
| msgid "\"couldn't write to {}: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:34 |
| msgid "\"successfully wrote to {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:54 |
| msgid "" |
| "(As in the previous example, you are encouraged to test this example under " |
| "failure conditions.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/create.md:57 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [`OpenOptions`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fs/struct.OpenOptions." |
| "html) struct can be used to configure how a file is opened." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:3 |
| msgid "A naive approach" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "This might be a reasonable first attempt for a beginner's first " |
| "implementation for reading lines from a file." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "Since the method `lines()` returns an iterator over the lines in the file, " |
| "we can also perform a map inline and collect the results, yielding a more " |
| "concise and fluent expression." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:31 |
| msgid "// panic on possible file-reading errors\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:32 |
| msgid "// split the string into an iterator of string slices\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:33 |
| msgid "// make each slice into a string\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:34 |
| msgid "// gather them together into a vector\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "Note that in both examples above, we must convert the `&str` reference " |
| "returned from `lines()` to the owned type `String`, using `.to_string()` and " |
| "`String::from` respectively." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:42 |
| msgid "A more efficient approach" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:44 |
| msgid "" |
| "Here we pass ownership of the open `File` to a `BufReader` struct. " |
| "`BufReader` uses an internal buffer to reduce intermediate allocations." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:47 |
| msgid "" |
| "We also update `read_lines` to return an iterator instead of allocating new " |
| "`String` objects in memory for each line." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:56 |
| msgid "// File hosts.txt must exist in the current path\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:57 |
| msgid "\"./hosts.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:58 |
| msgid "// Consumes the iterator, returns an (Optional) String\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:64 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The output is wrapped in a Result to allow matching on errors.\n" |
| "// Returns an Iterator to the Reader of the lines of the file.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:74 |
| msgid "Running this program simply prints the lines individually." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:76 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ echo -e \"127.0.0.1\\n192.168.0.1\\n\" > hosts.txt\n" |
| "$ rustc read_lines.rs && ./read_lines\n" |
| "127.0.0.1\n" |
| "192.168.0.1\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:83 |
| msgid "" |
| "(Note that since `File::open` expects a generic `AsRef<Path>` as argument, " |
| "we define our generic `read_lines()` method with the same generic " |
| "constraint, using the `where` keyword.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/file/read_lines.md:86 |
| msgid "" |
| "This process is more efficient than creating a `String` in memory with all " |
| "of the file's contents. This can especially cause performance issues when " |
| "working with larger files." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `process::Output` struct represents the output of a finished child " |
| "process, and the `process::Command` struct is a process builder." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:10 |
| msgid "\"rustc\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:11 |
| msgid "\"--version\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:13 |
| msgid "\"failed to execute process: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:19 |
| msgid "\"rustc succeeded and stdout was:\\n{}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:23 |
| msgid "\"rustc failed and stderr was:\\n{}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process.md:28 |
| msgid "" |
| "(You are encouraged to try the previous example with an incorrect flag " |
| "passed to `rustc`)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `std::process::Child` struct represents a child process, and exposes the " |
| "`stdin`, `stdout` and `stderr` handles for interaction with the underlying " |
| "process via pipes." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:11 |
| msgid "\"the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog\\n\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:15 |
| msgid "// Spawn the `wc` command\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:16 src/std_misc/fs.md:12 src/std_misc/fs.md:73 |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:11 |
| msgid "\"windows\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:17 |
| msgid "\"powershell\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:18 |
| msgid "\"-Command\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:18 |
| msgid "\"$input | Measure-Object -Line -Word -Character\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:21 |
| msgid "\"wc\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:27 |
| msgid "\"couldn't spawn wc: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Write a string to the `stdin` of `wc`.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // `stdin` has type `Option<ChildStdin>`, but since we know this " |
| "instance\n" |
| " // must have one, we can directly `unwrap` it.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:36 |
| msgid "\"couldn't write to wc stdin: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:37 |
| msgid "\"sent pangram to wc\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:40 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Because `stdin` does not live after the above calls, it is `drop`ed,\n" |
| " // and the pipe is closed.\n" |
| " //\n" |
| " // This is very important, otherwise `wc` wouldn't start processing the\n" |
| " // input we just sent.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:46 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The `stdout` field also has type `Option<ChildStdout>` so must be " |
| "unwrapped.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:49 |
| msgid "\"couldn't read wc stdout: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/pipe.md:50 |
| msgid "\"wc responded with:\\n{}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/wait.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "If you'd like to wait for a `process::Child` to finish, you must call " |
| "`Child::wait`, which will return a `process::ExitStatus`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/wait.md:10 |
| msgid "\"sleep\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/wait.md:13 |
| msgid "\"reached end of main\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/process/wait.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "# `wait` keeps running for 5 seconds until the `sleep 5` command finishes\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The `std::fs` module contains several functions that deal with the " |
| "filesystem." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:10 src/std_misc/fs.md:68 src/std_misc/ffi.md:20 |
| msgid "\"unix\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:15 |
| msgid "// A simple implementation of `% cat path`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:25 |
| msgid "// A simple implementation of `% echo s > path`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:32 |
| msgid "// A simple implementation of `% touch path` (ignores existing files)\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:42 |
| msgid "\"`mkdir a`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:43 |
| msgid "// Create a directory, returns `io::Result<()>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:45 src/std_misc/fs.md:52 src/std_misc/fs.md:58 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:63 src/std_misc/fs.md:70 src/std_misc/fs.md:75 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:81 src/std_misc/fs.md:88 src/std_misc/fs.md:97 |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:103 |
| msgid "\"! {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:49 |
| msgid "\"`echo hello > a/b.txt`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The previous match can be simplified using the `unwrap_or_else` method\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:51 |
| msgid "\"a/b.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:55 |
| msgid "\"`mkdir -p a/c/d`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:56 |
| msgid "// Recursively create a directory, returns `io::Result<()>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:57 src/std_misc/fs.md:102 |
| msgid "\"a/c/d\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:61 |
| msgid "\"`touch a/c/e.txt`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:62 src/std_misc/fs.md:96 |
| msgid "\"a/c/e.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:66 |
| msgid "\"`ln -s ../b.txt a/c/b.txt`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:67 |
| msgid "// Create a symbolic link, returns `io::Result<()>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:69 src/std_misc/fs.md:74 |
| msgid "\"../b.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:69 src/std_misc/fs.md:74 src/std_misc/fs.md:80 |
| msgid "\"a/c/b.txt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:79 |
| msgid "\"`cat a/c/b.txt`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:85 |
| msgid "\"`ls a`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:86 |
| msgid "// Read the contents of a directory, returns `io::Result<Vec<Path>>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:94 |
| msgid "\"`rm a/c/e.txt`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:95 |
| msgid "// Remove a file, returns `io::Result<()>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:100 |
| msgid "\"`rmdir a/c/d`\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:101 |
| msgid "// Remove an empty directory, returns `io::Result<()>`\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:111 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ rustc fs.rs && ./fs\n" |
| "`mkdir a`\n" |
| "`echo hello > a/b.txt`\n" |
| "`mkdir -p a/c/d`\n" |
| "`touch a/c/e.txt`\n" |
| "`ln -s ../b.txt a/c/b.txt`\n" |
| "`cat a/c/b.txt`\n" |
| "> hello\n" |
| "`ls a`\n" |
| "> \"a/b.txt\"\n" |
| "> \"a/c\"\n" |
| "`rm a/c/e.txt`\n" |
| "`rmdir a/c/d`\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:127 |
| msgid "And the final state of the `a` directory is:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:139 |
| msgid "An alternative way to define the function `cat` is with `?` notation:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/fs.md:152 |
| msgid "[`cfg!`](../attribute/cfg.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:3 |
| msgid "Standard Library" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:5 |
| msgid "" |
| "The command line arguments can be accessed using `std::env::args`, which " |
| "returns an iterator that yields a `String` for each argument:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:14 |
| msgid "// The first argument is the path that was used to call the program.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:15 |
| msgid "\"My path is {}.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The rest of the arguments are the passed command line parameters.\n" |
| " // Call the program like this:\n" |
| " // $ ./args arg1 arg2\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:20 |
| msgid "\"I got {:?} arguments: {:?}.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:24 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ ./args 1 2 3\n" |
| "My path is ./args.\n" |
| "I got 3 arguments: [\"1\", \"2\", \"3\"].\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "Alternatively, there are numerous crates that can provide extra " |
| "functionality when creating command-line applications. One of the more " |
| "popular command line argument crates being [`clap`](https://rust-cli.github." |
| "io/book/tutorial/cli-args.html#parsing-cli-arguments-with-clap)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:3 |
| msgid "Matching can be used to parse simple arguments:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "\"usage:\n" |
| "match_args <string>\n" |
| " Check whether given string is the answer.\n" |
| "match_args {{increase|decrease}} <integer>\n" |
| " Increase or decrease given integer by one.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:28 |
| msgid "// no arguments passed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:30 |
| msgid "\"My name is 'match_args'. Try passing some arguments!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:32 |
| msgid "// one argument passed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:35 |
| msgid "\"This is the answer!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:36 |
| msgid "\"This is not the answer.\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:39 |
| msgid "// one command and one argument passed\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:43 |
| msgid "// parse the number\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:49 |
| msgid "\"error: second argument not an integer\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:54 |
| msgid "// parse the command\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:56 |
| msgid "\"increase\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:57 |
| msgid "\"decrease\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:59 |
| msgid "\"error: invalid command\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:64 |
| msgid "// all the other cases\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:66 |
| msgid "// show a help message\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/arg/matching.md:73 |
| msgid "" |
| "If you named your program `match_args.rs` and compile it like this `rustc " |
| "match_args.rs`, you can execute it as follows:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides a Foreign Function Interface (FFI) to C libraries. Foreign " |
| "functions must be declared inside an `extern` block annotated with a " |
| "`#[link]` attribute containing the name of the foreign library." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:9 |
| msgid "// this extern block links to the libm library\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:12 |
| msgid "\"msvcrt\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:14 src/std_misc/ffi.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "// this is a foreign function\n" |
| " // that computes the square root of a single precision complex number\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:21 |
| msgid "\"m\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:29 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Since calling foreign functions is considered unsafe,\n" |
| "// it's common to write safe wrappers around them.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:37 |
| msgid "// z = -1 + 0i\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:40 |
| msgid "// calling a foreign function is an unsafe operation\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:43 |
| msgid "\"the square root of {:?} is {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:45 |
| msgid "// calling safe API wrapped around unsafe operation\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:46 |
| msgid "\"cos({:?}) = {:?}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:48 |
| msgid "// Minimal implementation of single precision complex numbers\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:60 |
| msgid "\"{}-{}i\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/std_misc/ffi.md:62 |
| msgid "\"{}+{}i\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust is a programming language that cares a lot about correctness and it " |
| "includes support for writing software tests within the language itself." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:6 |
| msgid "Testing comes in three styles:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:8 |
| msgid "[Unit](testing/unit_testing.md) testing." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:9 |
| msgid "[Doc](testing/doc_testing.md) testing." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:10 |
| msgid "[Integration](testing/integration_testing.md) testing." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:12 |
| msgid "Also Rust has support for specifying additional dependencies for tests:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:14 |
| msgid "[Dev-dependencies](testing/dev_dependencies.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:18 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch11-00-testing.html) chapter on " |
| "testing" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing.md:19 |
| msgid "" |
| "[API Guidelines](https://rust-lang-nursery.github.io/api-guidelines/" |
| "documentation.html) on doc-testing" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Tests are Rust functions that verify that the non-test code is functioning " |
| "in the expected manner. The bodies of test functions typically perform some " |
| "setup, run the code we want to test, then assert whether the results are " |
| "what we expect." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "Most unit tests go into a `tests` [mod](../mod.md) with the `#[cfg(test)]` " |
| "[attribute](../attribute.md). Test functions are marked with the `#[test]` " |
| "attribute." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "Tests fail when something in the test function [panics](../std/panic.md). " |
| "There are some helper [macros](../macros.md):" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:14 |
| msgid "`assert!(expression)` - panics if expression evaluates to `false`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:15 |
| msgid "" |
| "`assert_eq!(left, right)` and `assert_ne!(left, right)` - testing left and " |
| "right expressions for equality and inequality respectively." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:22 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This is a really bad adding function, its purpose is to fail in this\n" |
| "// example.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:32 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Note this useful idiom: importing names from outer (for mod tests) " |
| "scope.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "// This assert would fire and test will fail.\n" |
| " // Please note, that private functions can be tested too!\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:49 |
| msgid "Tests can be run with `cargo test`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:73 |
| msgid "Tests and `?`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:75 |
| msgid "" |
| "None of the previous unit test examples had a return type. But in Rust 2018, " |
| "your unit tests can return `Result<()>`, which lets you use `?` in them! " |
| "This can make them much more concise." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:84 |
| msgid "\"negative floats don't have square roots\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:101 |
| msgid "" |
| "See [\"The Edition Guide\"](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/" |
| "rust-2018/error-handling-and-panics/question-mark-in-main-and-tests.html) " |
| "for more details." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:103 |
| msgid "Testing panics" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:105 |
| msgid "" |
| "To check functions that should panic under certain circumstances, use " |
| "attribute `#[should_panic]`. This attribute accepts optional parameter " |
| "`expected = ` with the text of the panic message. If your function can panic " |
| "in multiple ways, it helps make sure your test is testing the correct panic." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:113 src/testing/doc_testing.md:45 |
| msgid "\"Divide-by-zero error\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:115 src/testing/unit_testing.md:136 |
| msgid "\"Divide result is zero\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:143 |
| msgid "Running these tests gives us:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:162 |
| msgid "Running specific tests" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:164 |
| msgid "" |
| "To run specific tests one may specify the test name to `cargo test` command." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:180 |
| msgid "" |
| "To run multiple tests one may specify part of a test name that matches all " |
| "the tests that should be run." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:198 |
| msgid "Ignoring tests" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/unit_testing.md:200 |
| msgid "" |
| "Tests can be marked with the `#[ignore]` attribute to exclude some tests. Or " |
| "to run them with command `cargo test -- --ignored`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The primary way of documenting a Rust project is through annotating the " |
| "source code. Documentation comments are written in [CommonMark Markdown " |
| "specification](https://commonmark.org/) and support code blocks in them. " |
| "Rust takes care about correctness, so these code blocks are compiled and " |
| "used as documentation tests." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "/// First line is a short summary describing function.\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// The next lines present detailed documentation. Code blocks start with\n" |
| "/// triple backquotes and have implicit `fn main()` inside\n" |
| "/// and `extern crate <cratename>`. Assume we're testing a `playground` library\n" |
| "/// crate or using the Playground's Test action:\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| "/// let result = playground::add(2, 3);\n" |
| "/// assert_eq!(result, 5);\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:23 |
| msgid "" |
| "/// Usually doc comments may include sections \"Examples\", \"Panics\" and " |
| "\"Failures\".\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// The next function divides two numbers.\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// # Examples\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| "/// let result = playground::div(10, 2);\n" |
| "/// assert_eq!(result, 5);\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// # Panics\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// The function panics if the second argument is zero.\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// ```rust,should_panic\n" |
| "/// // panics on division by zero\n" |
| "/// playground::div(10, 0);\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "Code blocks in documentation are automatically tested when running the " |
| "regular `cargo test` command:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:71 |
| msgid "Motivation behind documentation tests" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:73 |
| msgid "" |
| "The main purpose of documentation tests is to serve as examples that " |
| "exercise the functionality, which is one of the most important [guidelines]" |
| "(https://rust-lang-nursery.github.io/api-guidelines/documentation." |
| "html#examples-use--not-try-not-unwrap-c-question-mark). It allows using " |
| "examples from docs as complete code snippets. But using `?` makes " |
| "compilation fail since `main` returns `unit`. The ability to hide some " |
| "source lines from documentation comes to the rescue: one may write `fn " |
| "try_main() -> Result<(), ErrorType>`, hide it and `unwrap` it in hidden " |
| "`main`. Sounds complicated? Here's an example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:82 |
| msgid "" |
| "/// Using hidden `try_main` in doc tests.\n" |
| "///\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| "/// # // hidden lines start with `#` symbol, but they're still compilable!\n" |
| "/// # fn try_main() -> Result<(), String> { // line that wraps the body " |
| "shown in doc\n" |
| "/// let res = playground::try_div(10, 2)?;\n" |
| "/// # Ok(()) // returning from try_main\n" |
| "/// # }\n" |
| "/// # fn main() { // starting main that'll unwrap()\n" |
| "/// # try_main().unwrap(); // calling try_main and unwrapping\n" |
| "/// # // so that test will panic in case of error\n" |
| "/// # }\n" |
| "/// ```\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:97 |
| msgid "\"Divide-by-zero\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:106 |
| msgid "" |
| "[RFC505](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0505-api-comment-" |
| "conventions.md) on documentation style" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/doc_testing.md:107 |
| msgid "" |
| "[API Guidelines](https://rust-lang-nursery.github.io/api-guidelines/" |
| "documentation.html) on documentation guidelines" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Unit tests](unit_testing.md) are testing one module in isolation at a time: " |
| "they're small and can test private code. Integration tests are external to " |
| "your crate and use only its public interface in the same way any other code " |
| "would. Their purpose is to test that many parts of your library work " |
| "correctly together." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:8 |
| msgid "Cargo looks for integration tests in `tests` directory next to `src`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:10 src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:17 |
| msgid "File `src/lib.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:13 |
| msgid "// Define this in a crate called `adder`.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:19 |
| msgid "File with test: `tests/integration_test.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:28 |
| msgid "Running tests with `cargo test` command:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:50 |
| msgid "" |
| "Each Rust source file in the `tests` directory is compiled as a separate " |
| "crate. In order to share some code between integration tests we can make a " |
| "module with public functions, importing and using it within tests." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:54 |
| msgid "File `tests/common/mod.rs`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "// some setup code, like creating required files/directories, starting\n" |
| " // servers, etc.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:63 |
| msgid "File with test: `tests/integration_test.rs`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:66 |
| msgid "// importing common module.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:71 |
| msgid "// using common code.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/integration_testing.md:77 |
| msgid "" |
| "Creating the module as `tests/common.rs` also works, but is not recommended " |
| "because the test runner will treat the file as a test crate and try to run " |
| "tests inside it." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:1 |
| msgid "Development dependencies" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes there is a need to have dependencies for tests (or examples, or " |
| "benchmarks) only. Such dependencies are added to `Cargo.toml` in the `[dev-" |
| "dependencies]` section. These dependencies are not propagated to other " |
| "packages which depend on this package." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "One such example is [`pretty_assertions`](https://docs.rs/" |
| "pretty_assertions/1.0.0/pretty_assertions/index.html), which extends " |
| "standard `assert_eq!` and `assert_ne!` macros, to provide colorful diff. \n" |
| "File `Cargo.toml`:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "```toml\n" |
| "# standard crate data is left out\n" |
| "[dev-dependencies]\n" |
| "pretty_assertions = \"1\"\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:27 |
| msgid "// crate for test-only use. Cannot be used in non-test code.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/testing/dev_dependencies.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Cargo](http://doc.crates.io/specifying-dependencies.html) docs on " |
| "specifying dependencies." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "As an introduction to this section, to borrow from [the official docs]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html), \"one should try " |
| "to minimize the amount of unsafe code in a code base.\" With that in mind, " |
| "let's get started! Unsafe annotations in Rust are used to bypass protections " |
| "put in place by the compiler; specifically, there are four primary things " |
| "that unsafe is used for:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:9 |
| msgid "dereferencing raw pointers" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:10 |
| msgid "" |
| "calling functions or methods which are `unsafe` (including calling a " |
| "function over FFI, see [a previous chapter](std_misc/ffi.md) of the book)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:12 |
| msgid "accessing or modifying static mutable variables" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:13 |
| msgid "implementing unsafe traits" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:15 |
| msgid "Raw Pointers" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:17 |
| msgid "" |
| "Raw pointers `*` and references `&T` function similarly, but references are " |
| "always safe because they are guaranteed to point to valid data due to the " |
| "borrow checker. Dereferencing a raw pointer can only be done through an " |
| "unsafe block." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:32 |
| msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:34 |
| msgid "" |
| "Some functions can be declared as `unsafe`, meaning it is the programmer's " |
| "responsibility to ensure correctness instead of the compiler's. One example " |
| "of this is [`std::slice::from_raw_parts`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" |
| "slice/fn.from_raw_parts.html) which will create a slice given a pointer to " |
| "the first element and a length." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe.md:56 |
| msgid "" |
| "For `slice::from_raw_parts`, one of the assumptions which _must_ be upheld " |
| "is that the pointer passed in points to valid memory and that the memory " |
| "pointed to is of the correct type. If these invariants aren't upheld then " |
| "the program's behaviour is undefined and there is no knowing what will " |
| "happen." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust provides support for inline assembly via the `asm!` macro. It can be " |
| "used to embed handwritten assembly in the assembly output generated by the " |
| "compiler. Generally this should not be necessary, but might be where the " |
| "required performance or timing cannot be otherwise achieved. Accessing low " |
| "level hardware primitives, e.g. in kernel code, may also demand this " |
| "functionality." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "**Note**: the examples here are given in x86/x86-64 assembly, but other " |
| "architectures are also supported." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:10 |
| msgid "Inline assembly is currently supported on the following architectures:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:12 |
| msgid "x86 and x86-64" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:13 |
| msgid "ARM" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:14 |
| msgid "AArch64" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:15 |
| msgid "RISC-V" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:17 |
| msgid "Basic usage" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:19 |
| msgid "Let us start with the simplest possible example:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:22 src/unsafe/asm.md:42 src/unsafe/asm.md:69 |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:107 src/unsafe/asm.md:124 src/unsafe/asm.md:149 |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:183 src/unsafe/asm.md:204 src/unsafe/asm.md:221 |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:260 src/unsafe/asm.md:296 src/unsafe/asm.md:312 |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:338 src/unsafe/asm.md:376 src/unsafe/asm.md:403 |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:427 src/unsafe/asm.md:465 |
| msgid "\"x86_64\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:26 |
| msgid "\"nop\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:31 |
| msgid "" |
| "This will insert a NOP (no operation) instruction into the assembly " |
| "generated by the compiler. Note that all `asm!` invocations have to be " |
| "inside an `unsafe` block, as they could insert arbitrary instructions and " |
| "break various invariants. The instructions to be inserted are listed in the " |
| "first argument of the `asm!` macro as a string literal." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:36 |
| msgid "Inputs and outputs" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:38 |
| msgid "" |
| "Now inserting an instruction that does nothing is rather boring. Let us do " |
| "something that actually acts on data:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:47 |
| msgid "\"mov {}, 5\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "This will write the value `5` into the `u64` variable `x`. You can see that " |
| "the string literal we use to specify instructions is actually a template " |
| "string. It is governed by the same rules as Rust [format strings](https://" |
| "doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/#syntax). The arguments that are inserted into the " |
| "template however look a bit different than you may be familiar with. First " |
| "we need to specify if the variable is an input or an output of the inline " |
| "assembly. In this case it is an output. We declared this by writing `out`. " |
| "We also need to specify in what kind of register the assembly expects the " |
| "variable. In this case we put it in an arbitrary general purpose register by " |
| "specifying `reg`. The compiler will choose an appropriate register to insert " |
| "into the template and will read the variable from there after the inline " |
| "assembly finishes executing." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:66 |
| msgid "Let us see another example that also uses an input:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:76 |
| msgid "\"mov {0}, {1}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:77 src/unsafe/asm.md:112 src/unsafe/asm.md:130 |
| msgid "\"add {0}, 5\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:86 |
| msgid "" |
| "This will add `5` to the input in variable `i` and write the result to " |
| "variable `o`. The particular way this assembly does this is first copying " |
| "the value from `i` to the output, and then adding `5` to it." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:90 |
| msgid "The example shows a few things:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:92 |
| msgid "" |
| "First, we can see that `asm!` allows multiple template string arguments; " |
| "each one is treated as a separate line of assembly code, as if they were all " |
| "joined together with newlines between them. This makes it easy to format " |
| "assembly code." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:97 |
| msgid "" |
| "Second, we can see that inputs are declared by writing `in` instead of `out`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:99 |
| msgid "" |
| "Third, we can see that we can specify an argument number, or name as in any " |
| "format string. For inline assembly templates this is particularly useful as " |
| "arguments are often used more than once. For more complex inline assembly " |
| "using this facility is generally recommended, as it improves readability, " |
| "and allows reordering instructions without changing the argument order." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:104 |
| msgid "We can further refine the above example to avoid the `mov` instruction:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:118 |
| msgid "" |
| "We can see that `inout` is used to specify an argument that is both input " |
| "and output. This is different from specifying an input and output separately " |
| "in that it is guaranteed to assign both to the same register." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:121 |
| msgid "" |
| "It is also possible to specify different variables for the input and output " |
| "parts of an `inout` operand:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:136 |
| msgid "Late output operands" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:138 |
| msgid "" |
| "The Rust compiler is conservative with its allocation of operands. It is " |
| "assumed that an `out` can be written at any time, and can therefore not " |
| "share its location with any other argument. However, to guarantee optimal " |
| "performance it is important to use as few registers as possible, so they " |
| "won't have to be saved and reloaded around the inline assembly block. To " |
| "achieve this Rust provides a `lateout` specifier. This can be used on any " |
| "output that is written only after all inputs have been consumed. There is " |
| "also an `inlateout` variant of this specifier." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:146 |
| msgid "" |
| "Here is an example where `inlateout` _cannot_ be used in `release` mode or " |
| "other optimized cases:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:157 src/unsafe/asm.md:189 src/unsafe/asm.md:472 |
| msgid "\"add {0}, {1}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:158 |
| msgid "\"add {0}, {2}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:168 |
| msgid "" |
| "In unoptimized cases (e.g. `Debug` mode), replacing `inout(reg) a` with " |
| "`inlateout(reg) a` in the above example can continue to give the expected " |
| "result. However, with `release` mode or other optimized cases, using " |
| "`inlateout(reg) a` can instead lead to the final value `a = 16`, causing the " |
| "assertion to fail." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:173 |
| msgid "" |
| "This is because in optimized cases, the compiler is free to allocate the " |
| "same register for inputs `b` and `c` since it knows that they have the same " |
| "value. Furthermore, when `inlateout` is used, `a` and `c` could be allocated " |
| "to the same register, in which case the first `add` instruction would " |
| "overwrite the initial load from variable `c`. This is in contrast to how " |
| "using `inout(reg) a` ensures a separate register is allocated for `a`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:179 |
| msgid "" |
| "However, the following example can use `inlateout` since the output is only " |
| "modified after all input registers have been read:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:195 |
| msgid "" |
| "As you can see, this assembly fragment will still work correctly if `a` and " |
| "`b` are assigned to the same register." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:197 |
| msgid "Explicit register operands" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:199 |
| msgid "" |
| "Some instructions require that the operands be in a specific register. " |
| "Therefore, Rust inline assembly provides some more specific constraint " |
| "specifiers. While `reg` is generally available on any architecture, explicit " |
| "registers are highly architecture specific. E.g. for x86 the general purpose " |
| "registers `eax`, `ebx`, `ecx`, `edx`, `ebp`, `esi`, and `edi` among others " |
| "can be addressed by their name." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:209 |
| msgid "\"out 0x64, eax\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:209 src/unsafe/asm.md:285 |
| msgid "\"eax\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:214 |
| msgid "" |
| "In this example we call the `out` instruction to output the content of the " |
| "`cmd` variable to port `0x64`. Since the `out` instruction only accepts " |
| "`eax` (and its sub registers) as operand we had to use the `eax` constraint " |
| "specifier." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:216 |
| msgid "" |
| "**Note**: unlike other operand types, explicit register operands cannot be " |
| "used in the template string: you can't use `{}` and should write the " |
| "register name directly instead. Also, they must appear at the end of the " |
| "operand list after all other operand types." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:218 |
| msgid "Consider this example which uses the x86 `mul` instruction:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:230 |
| msgid "" |
| "// The x86 mul instruction takes rax as an implicit input and writes\n" |
| " // the 128-bit result of the multiplication to rax:rdx.\n" |
| " \"mul {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:234 src/unsafe/asm.md:356 |
| msgid "\"rax\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:235 |
| msgid "\"rdx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:244 |
| msgid "" |
| "This uses the `mul` instruction to multiply two 64-bit inputs with a 128-bit " |
| "result. The only explicit operand is a register, that we fill from the " |
| "variable `a`. The second operand is implicit, and must be the `rax` " |
| "register, which we fill from the variable `b`. The lower 64 bits of the " |
| "result are stored in `rax` from which we fill the variable `lo`. The higher " |
| "64 bits are stored in `rdx` from which we fill the variable `hi`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:250 |
| msgid "Clobbered registers" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:252 |
| msgid "" |
| "In many cases inline assembly will modify state that is not needed as an " |
| "output. Usually this is either because we have to use a scratch register in " |
| "the assembly or because instructions modify state that we don't need to " |
| "further examine. This state is generally referred to as being \"clobbered\". " |
| "We need to tell the compiler about this since it may need to save and " |
| "restore this state around the inline assembly block." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:262 |
| msgid "// three entries of four bytes each\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:264 |
| msgid "" |
| "// String is stored as ascii in ebx, edx, ecx in order\n" |
| " // Because ebx is reserved, the asm needs to preserve the value of it.\n" |
| " // So we push and pop it around the main asm.\n" |
| " // 64 bit mode on 64 bit processors does not allow pushing/popping of\n" |
| " // 32 bit registers (like ebx), so we have to use the extended rbx " |
| "register instead.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:272 |
| msgid "\"push rbx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:273 |
| msgid "\"cpuid\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:274 |
| msgid "\"mov [rdi], ebx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:275 |
| msgid "\"mov [rdi + 4], edx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:276 |
| msgid "\"mov [rdi + 8], ecx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:277 |
| msgid "\"pop rbx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:278 |
| msgid "" |
| "// We use a pointer to an array for storing the values to simplify\n" |
| " // the Rust code at the cost of a couple more asm instructions\n" |
| " // This is more explicit with how the asm works however, as " |
| "opposed\n" |
| " // to explicit register outputs such as `out(\"ecx\") val`\n" |
| " // The *pointer itself* is only an input even though it's " |
| "written behind\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:283 src/unsafe/asm.md:354 |
| msgid "\"rdi\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:284 |
| msgid "// select cpuid 0, also specify eax as clobbered\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:286 |
| msgid "// cpuid clobbers these registers too\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:287 |
| msgid "\"ecx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:288 |
| msgid "\"edx\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:293 |
| msgid "\"CPU Manufacturer ID: {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:300 |
| msgid "" |
| "In the example above we use the `cpuid` instruction to read the CPU " |
| "manufacturer ID. This instruction writes to `eax` with the maximum supported " |
| "`cpuid` argument and `ebx`, `edx`, and `ecx` with the CPU manufacturer ID as " |
| "ASCII bytes in that order." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:303 |
| msgid "" |
| "Even though `eax` is never read we still need to tell the compiler that the " |
| "register has been modified so that the compiler can save any values that " |
| "were in these registers before the asm. This is done by declaring it as an " |
| "output but with `_` instead of a variable name, which indicates that the " |
| "output value is to be discarded." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:305 |
| msgid "" |
| "This code also works around the limitation that `ebx` is a reserved register " |
| "by LLVM. That means that LLVM assumes that it has full control over the " |
| "register and it must be restored to its original state before exiting the " |
| "asm block, so it cannot be used as an input or output **except** if the " |
| "compiler uses it to fulfill a general register class (e.g. `in(reg)`). This " |
| "makes `reg` operands dangerous when using reserved registers as we could " |
| "unknowingly corrupt our input or output because they share the same register." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:307 |
| msgid "" |
| "To work around this we use `rdi` to store the pointer to the output array, " |
| "save `ebx` via `push`, read from `ebx` inside the asm block into the array " |
| "and then restore `ebx` to its original state via `pop`. The `push` and `pop` " |
| "use the full 64-bit `rbx` version of the register to ensure that the entire " |
| "register is saved. On 32 bit targets the code would instead use `ebx` in the " |
| "`push`/`pop`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:309 |
| msgid "" |
| "This can also be used with a general register class to obtain a scratch " |
| "register for use inside the asm code:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:314 |
| msgid "// Multiply x by 6 using shifts and adds\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:319 |
| msgid "\"mov {tmp}, {x}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:320 |
| msgid "\"shl {tmp}, 1\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:321 |
| msgid "\"shl {x}, 2\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:322 |
| msgid "\"add {x}, {tmp}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:331 |
| msgid "Symbol operands and ABI clobbers" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:333 |
| msgid "" |
| "By default, `asm!` assumes that any register not specified as an output will " |
| "have its contents preserved by the assembly code. The [`clobber_abi`]" |
| "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/inline-assembly.html#abi-" |
| "clobbers) argument to `asm!` tells the compiler to automatically insert the " |
| "necessary clobber operands according to the given calling convention ABI: " |
| "any register which is not fully preserved in that ABI will be treated as " |
| "clobbered. Multiple `clobber_abi` arguments may be provided and all " |
| "clobbers from all specified ABIs will be inserted." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:341 src/unsafe/asm.md:359 |
| msgid "\"C\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:342 |
| msgid "\"arg = {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:350 |
| msgid "\"call {}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:351 |
| msgid "// Function pointer to call\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:353 |
| msgid "// 1st argument in rdi\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:355 |
| msgid "// Return value in rax\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:357 |
| msgid "" |
| "// Mark all registers which are not preserved by the \"C\" calling\n" |
| " // convention as clobbered.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:367 |
| msgid "Register template modifiers" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:369 |
| msgid "" |
| "In some cases, fine control is needed over the way a register name is " |
| "formatted when inserted into the template string. This is needed when an " |
| "architecture's assembly language has several names for the same register, " |
| "each typically being a \"view\" over a subset of the register (e.g. the low " |
| "32 bits of a 64-bit register)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:371 |
| msgid "" |
| "By default the compiler will always choose the name that refers to the full " |
| "register size (e.g. `rax` on x86-64, `eax` on x86, etc)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:373 |
| msgid "" |
| "This default can be overridden by using modifiers on the template string " |
| "operands, just like you would with format strings:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:382 |
| msgid "\"mov {0:h}, {0:l}\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:389 |
| msgid "" |
| "In this example, we use the `reg_abcd` register class to restrict the " |
| "register allocator to the 4 legacy x86 registers (`ax`, `bx`, `cx`, `dx`) of " |
| "which the first two bytes can be addressed independently." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:391 |
| msgid "" |
| "Let us assume that the register allocator has chosen to allocate `x` in the " |
| "`ax` register. The `h` modifier will emit the register name for the high " |
| "byte of that register and the `l` modifier will emit the register name for " |
| "the low byte. The asm code will therefore be expanded as `mov ah, al` which " |
| "copies the low byte of the value into the high byte." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:394 |
| msgid "" |
| "If you use a smaller data type (e.g. `u16`) with an operand and forget to " |
| "use template modifiers, the compiler will emit a warning and suggest the " |
| "correct modifier to use." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:396 |
| msgid "Memory address operands" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:398 |
| msgid "" |
| "Sometimes assembly instructions require operands passed via memory addresses/" |
| "memory locations. You have to manually use the memory address syntax " |
| "specified by the target architecture. For example, on x86/x86_64 using Intel " |
| "assembly syntax, you should wrap inputs/outputs in `[]` to indicate they are " |
| "memory operands:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:408 |
| msgid "\"fldcw [{}]\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:414 |
| msgid "Labels" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:416 |
| msgid "" |
| "Any reuse of a named label, local or otherwise, can result in an assembler " |
| "or linker error or may cause other strange behavior. Reuse of a named label " |
| "can happen in a variety of ways including:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:418 |
| msgid "" |
| "explicitly: using a label more than once in one `asm!` block, or multiple " |
| "times across blocks." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:419 |
| msgid "" |
| "implicitly via inlining: the compiler is allowed to instantiate multiple " |
| "copies of an `asm!` block, for example when the function containing it is " |
| "inlined in multiple places." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:420 |
| msgid "" |
| "implicitly via LTO: LTO can cause code from _other crates_ to be placed in " |
| "the same codegen unit, and so could bring in arbitrary labels." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:422 |
| msgid "" |
| "As a consequence, you should only use GNU assembler **numeric** [local " |
| "labels](https://sourceware.org/binutils/docs/as/Symbol-Names.html#Local-" |
| "Labels) inside inline assembly code. Defining symbols in assembly code may " |
| "lead to assembler and/or linker errors due to duplicate symbol definitions." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:424 |
| msgid "" |
| "Moreover, on x86 when using the default Intel syntax, due to [an LLVM bug]" |
| "(https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=36144), you shouldn't use labels " |
| "exclusively made of `0` and `1` digits, e.g. `0`, `11` or `101010`, as they " |
| "may end up being interpreted as binary values. Using `options(att_syntax)` " |
| "will avoid any ambiguity, but that affects the syntax of the _entire_ `asm!` " |
| "block. (See [Options](#options), below, for more on `options`.)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:433 |
| msgid "\"mov {0}, 10\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:434 src/unsafe/asm.md:439 |
| msgid "\"2:\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:435 |
| msgid "\"sub {0}, 1\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:436 |
| msgid "\"cmp {0}, 3\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:437 |
| msgid "\"jle 2f\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:438 |
| msgid "\"jmp 2b\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:440 |
| msgid "\"add {0}, 2\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:448 |
| msgid "" |
| "This will decrement the `{0}` register value from 10 to 3, then add 2 and " |
| "store it in `a`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:450 |
| msgid "This example shows a few things:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:452 |
| msgid "" |
| "First, that the same number can be used as a label multiple times in the " |
| "same inline block." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:453 |
| msgid "" |
| "Second, that when a numeric label is used as a reference (as an instruction " |
| "operand, for example), the suffixes “b” (“backward”) or ”f” (“forward”) " |
| "should be added to the numeric label. It will then refer to the nearest " |
| "label defined by this number in this direction." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:458 |
| msgid "Options" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:460 |
| msgid "" |
| "By default, an inline assembly block is treated the same way as an external " |
| "FFI function call with a custom calling convention: it may read/write " |
| "memory, have observable side effects, etc. However, in many cases it is " |
| "desirable to give the compiler more information about what the assembly code " |
| "is actually doing so that it can optimize better." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:462 |
| msgid "Let's take our previous example of an `add` instruction:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:481 |
| msgid "" |
| "Options can be provided as an optional final argument to the `asm!` macro. " |
| "We specified three options here:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:483 |
| msgid "" |
| "`pure` means that the asm code has no observable side effects and that its " |
| "output depends only on its inputs. This allows the compiler optimizer to " |
| "call the inline asm fewer times or even eliminate it entirely." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:484 |
| msgid "" |
| "`nomem` means that the asm code does not read or write to memory. By default " |
| "the compiler will assume that inline assembly can read or write any memory " |
| "address that is accessible to it (e.g. through a pointer passed as an " |
| "operand, or a global)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:485 |
| msgid "" |
| "`nostack` means that the asm code does not push any data onto the stack. " |
| "This allows the compiler to use optimizations such as the stack red zone on " |
| "x86-64 to avoid stack pointer adjustments." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:487 |
| msgid "" |
| "These allow the compiler to better optimize code using `asm!`, for example " |
| "by eliminating pure `asm!` blocks whose outputs are not needed." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/unsafe/asm.md:489 |
| msgid "" |
| "See the [reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/inline-" |
| "assembly.html) for the full list of available options and their effects." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/compatibility.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The Rust language is evolving rapidly, and because of this certain " |
| "compatibility issues can arise, despite efforts to ensure forwards-" |
| "compatibility wherever possible." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/compatibility.md:7 |
| msgid "[Raw identifiers](compatibility/raw_identifiers.md)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/compatibility/raw_identifiers.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Rust, like many programming languages, has the concept of \"keywords\". " |
| "These identifiers mean something to the language, and so you cannot use them " |
| "in places like variable names, function names, and other places. Raw " |
| "identifiers let you use keywords where they would not normally be allowed. " |
| "This is particularly useful when Rust introduces new keywords, and a library " |
| "using an older edition of Rust has a variable or function with the same name " |
| "as a keyword introduced in a newer edition." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/compatibility/raw_identifiers.md:11 |
| msgid "" |
| "For example, consider a crate `foo` compiled with the 2015 edition of Rust " |
| "that exports a function named `try`. This keyword is reserved for a new " |
| "feature in the 2018 edition, so without raw identifiers, we would have no " |
| "way to name the function." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/compatibility/raw_identifiers.md:24 |
| msgid "You'll get this error:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/compatibility/raw_identifiers.md:34 |
| msgid "You can write this with a raw identifier:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Some topics aren't exactly relevant to how you program runs but provide you " |
| "tooling or infrastructure support which just makes things better for " |
| "everyone. These topics include:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta.md:7 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Documentation](meta/doc.md): Generate library documentation for users via " |
| "the included `rustdoc`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Playground](meta/playground.md): Integrate the Rust Playground in your " |
| "documentation." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "Use `cargo doc` to build documentation in `target/doc`, `cargo doc --open` " |
| "will automatically open it in your web browser." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:6 |
| msgid "" |
| "Use `cargo test` to run all tests (including documentation tests), and " |
| "`cargo test --doc` to only run documentation tests." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:9 |
| msgid "" |
| "These commands will appropriately invoke `rustdoc` (and `rustc`) as required." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:11 |
| msgid "Doc comments" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:13 |
| msgid "" |
| "Doc comments are very useful for big projects that require documentation. " |
| "When running `rustdoc`, these are the comments that get compiled into " |
| "documentation. They are denoted by a `///`, and support [Markdown](https://" |
| "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:18 |
| msgid "\"doc\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:19 |
| msgid "/// A human being is represented here\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:22 |
| msgid "/// A person must have a name, no matter how much Juliet may hate it\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:27 |
| msgid "" |
| "/// Creates a person with the given name.\n" |
| " ///\n" |
| " /// # Examples\n" |
| " ///\n" |
| " /// ```\n" |
| " /// // You can have rust code between fences inside the comments\n" |
| " /// // If you pass --test to `rustdoc`, it will even test it for you!\n" |
| " /// use doc::Person;\n" |
| " /// let person = Person::new(\"name\");\n" |
| " /// ```\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:43 |
| msgid "" |
| "/// Gives a friendly hello!\n" |
| " ///\n" |
| " /// Says \"Hello, [name](Person::name)\" to the `Person` it is called " |
| "on.\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:47 |
| msgid "\"Hello, {}!\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:52 |
| msgid "\"John\"" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:58 |
| msgid "" |
| "To run the tests, first build the code as a library, then tell `rustdoc` " |
| "where to find the library so it can link it into each doctest program:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:61 |
| msgid "" |
| "```shell\n" |
| "$ rustc doc.rs --crate-type lib\n" |
| "$ rustdoc --test --extern doc=\"libdoc.rlib\" doc.rs\n" |
| "```" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:66 |
| msgid "Doc attributes" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:68 |
| msgid "" |
| "Below are a few examples of the most common `#[doc]` attributes used with " |
| "`rustdoc`." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:71 |
| msgid "`inline`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:73 |
| msgid "Used to inline docs, instead of linking out to separate page." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:78 |
| msgid "/// bar docs\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:81 |
| msgid "/// the docs for Bar\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:86 |
| msgid "`no_inline`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:88 |
| msgid "Used to prevent linking out to separate page or anywhere." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:91 |
| msgid "// Example from libcore/prelude\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:96 |
| msgid "`hidden`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:98 |
| msgid "Using this tells `rustdoc` not to include this in documentation:" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:101 |
| msgid "// Example from the futures-rs library\n" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:106 |
| msgid "" |
| "For documentation, `rustdoc` is widely used by the community. It's what is " |
| "used to generate the [std library docs](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:111 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The Rust Book: Making Useful Documentation Comments](https://doc.rust-lang." |
| "org/book/ch14-02-publishing-to-crates-io.html#making-useful-documentation-" |
| "comments)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:112 |
| msgid "[The rustdoc Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/index.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:113 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The Reference: Doc comments](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/" |
| "comments.html#doc-comments)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:114 |
| msgid "" |
| "[RFC 1574: API Documentation Conventions](https://rust-lang.github.io/" |
| "rfcs/1574-more-api-documentation-conventions.html#appendix-a-full-" |
| "conventions-text)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:115 |
| msgid "" |
| "[RFC 1946: Relative links to other items from doc comments (intra-rustdoc " |
| "links)](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/1946-intra-rustdoc-links.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/doc.md:116 |
| msgid "" |
| "[Is there any documentation style guide for comments? (reddit)](https://www." |
| "reddit.com/r/rust/comments/ahb50s/" |
| "is_there_any_documentation_style_guide_for/)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:3 |
| msgid "" |
| "The [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) is a way to experiment " |
| "with Rust code through a web interface." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:6 |
| msgid "Using it with `mdbook`" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:8 |
| msgid "" |
| "In [`mdbook`](https://github.com/rust-lang/mdBook), you can make code " |
| "examples playable and editable." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:16 |
| msgid "" |
| "This allows the reader to both run your code sample, but also modify and " |
| "tweak it. The key here is the adding of the word `editable` to your " |
| "codefence block separated by a comma." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:26 |
| msgid "" |
| "Additionally, you can add `ignore` if you want `mdbook` to skip your code " |
| "when it builds and tests." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:35 |
| msgid "Using it with docs" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:37 |
| msgid "" |
| "You may have noticed in some of the [official Rust docs](https://doc.rust-" |
| "lang.org/core/) a button that says \"Run\", which opens the code sample up " |
| "in a new tab in Rust Playground. This feature is enabled if you use the " |
| "`#[doc]` attribute called [`html_playground_url`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" |
| "rustdoc/write-documentation/the-doc-attribute.html#html_playground_url)." |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:42 |
| msgid "" |
| "````text\n" |
| "#![doc(html_playground_url = \"https://play.rust-lang.org/\")]\n" |
| "//! ```\n" |
| "//! println!(\"Hello World\");\n" |
| "//! ```\n" |
| "````" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:51 |
| msgid "[The Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:52 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The Rust Playground On Github](https://github.com/integer32llc/rust-" |
| "playground/)" |
| msgstr "" |
| |
| #: src/meta/playground.md:53 |
| msgid "" |
| "[The rustdoc Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html)" |
| msgstr "" |
