|  | // Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. | 
|  | // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style | 
|  | // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. | 
|  |  | 
|  | package runtime_test | 
|  |  | 
|  | import ( | 
|  | "crypto/rand" | 
|  | "encoding/binary" | 
|  | "fmt" | 
|  | "internal/race" | 
|  | "internal/testenv" | 
|  | . "runtime" | 
|  | "sync/atomic" | 
|  | "testing" | 
|  | "unsafe" | 
|  | ) | 
|  |  | 
|  | func TestMemmove(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | if *flagQuick { | 
|  | t.Skip("-quick") | 
|  | } | 
|  | t.Parallel() | 
|  | size := 256 | 
|  | if testing.Short() { | 
|  | size = 128 + 16 | 
|  | } | 
|  | src := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | dst := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | src[i] = byte(128 + (i & 127)) | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := 0; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | dst[i] = byte(i & 127) | 
|  | } | 
|  | for n := 0; n <= size; n++ { | 
|  | for x := 0; x <= size-n; x++ { // offset in src | 
|  | for y := 0; y <= size-n; y++ { // offset in dst | 
|  | copy(dst[y:y+n], src[x:x+n]) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < y; i++ { | 
|  | if dst[i] != byte(i&127) { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("prefix dst[%d] = %d", i, dst[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := y; i < y+n; i++ { | 
|  | if dst[i] != byte(128+((i-y+x)&127)) { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("copied dst[%d] = %d", i, dst[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | dst[i] = byte(i & 127) // reset dst | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := y + n; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | if dst[i] != byte(i&127) { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("suffix dst[%d] = %d", i, dst[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func TestMemmoveAlias(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | if *flagQuick { | 
|  | t.Skip("-quick") | 
|  | } | 
|  | t.Parallel() | 
|  | size := 256 | 
|  | if testing.Short() { | 
|  | size = 128 + 16 | 
|  | } | 
|  | buf := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | buf[i] = byte(i) | 
|  | } | 
|  | for n := 0; n <= size; n++ { | 
|  | for x := 0; x <= size-n; x++ { // src offset | 
|  | for y := 0; y <= size-n; y++ { // dst offset | 
|  | copy(buf[y:y+n], buf[x:x+n]) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < y; i++ { | 
|  | if buf[i] != byte(i) { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("prefix buf[%d] = %d", i, buf[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := y; i < y+n; i++ { | 
|  | if buf[i] != byte(i-y+x) { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("copied buf[%d] = %d", i, buf[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | buf[i] = byte(i) // reset buf | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := y + n; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | if buf[i] != byte(i) { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("suffix buf[%d] = %d", i, buf[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func TestMemmoveLarge0x180000(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | if testing.Short() && testenv.Builder() == "" { | 
|  | t.Skip("-short") | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | t.Parallel() | 
|  | if race.Enabled { | 
|  | t.Skip("skipping large memmove test under race detector") | 
|  | } | 
|  | testSize(t, 0x180000) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func TestMemmoveOverlapLarge0x120000(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | if testing.Short() && testenv.Builder() == "" { | 
|  | t.Skip("-short") | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | t.Parallel() | 
|  | if race.Enabled { | 
|  | t.Skip("skipping large memmove test under race detector") | 
|  | } | 
|  | testOverlap(t, 0x120000) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func testSize(t *testing.T, size int) { | 
|  | src := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | dst := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | _, _ = rand.Read(src) | 
|  | _, _ = rand.Read(dst) | 
|  |  | 
|  | ref := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | copyref(ref, dst) | 
|  |  | 
|  | for n := size - 50; n > 1; n >>= 1 { | 
|  | for x := 0; x <= size-n; x = x*7 + 1 { // offset in src | 
|  | for y := 0; y <= size-n; y = y*9 + 1 { // offset in dst | 
|  | copy(dst[y:y+n], src[x:x+n]) | 
|  | copyref(ref[y:y+n], src[x:x+n]) | 
|  | p := cmpb(dst, ref) | 
|  | if p >= 0 { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("Copy failed, copying from src[%d:%d] to dst[%d:%d].\nOffset %d is different, %v != %v", x, x+n, y, y+n, p, dst[p], ref[p]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func testOverlap(t *testing.T, size int) { | 
|  | src := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | test := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | ref := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | _, _ = rand.Read(src) | 
|  |  | 
|  | for n := size - 50; n > 1; n >>= 1 { | 
|  | for x := 0; x <= size-n; x = x*7 + 1 { // offset in src | 
|  | for y := 0; y <= size-n; y = y*9 + 1 { // offset in dst | 
|  | // Reset input | 
|  | copyref(test, src) | 
|  | copyref(ref, src) | 
|  | copy(test[y:y+n], test[x:x+n]) | 
|  | if y <= x { | 
|  | copyref(ref[y:y+n], ref[x:x+n]) | 
|  | } else { | 
|  | copybw(ref[y:y+n], ref[x:x+n]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | p := cmpb(test, ref) | 
|  | if p >= 0 { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("Copy failed, copying from src[%d:%d] to dst[%d:%d].\nOffset %d is different, %v != %v", x, x+n, y, y+n, p, test[p], ref[p]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | // Forward copy. | 
|  | func copyref(dst, src []byte) { | 
|  | for i, v := range src { | 
|  | dst[i] = v | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | // Backwards copy | 
|  | func copybw(dst, src []byte) { | 
|  | if len(src) == 0 { | 
|  | return | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := len(src) - 1; i >= 0; i-- { | 
|  | dst[i] = src[i] | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | // Returns offset of difference | 
|  | func matchLen(a, b []byte, max int) int { | 
|  | a = a[:max] | 
|  | b = b[:max] | 
|  | for i, av := range a { | 
|  | if b[i] != av { | 
|  | return i | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | return max | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func cmpb(a, b []byte) int { | 
|  | l := matchLen(a, b, len(a)) | 
|  | if l == len(a) { | 
|  | return -1 | 
|  | } | 
|  | return l | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | // Ensure that memmove writes pointers atomically, so the GC won't | 
|  | // observe a partially updated pointer. | 
|  | func TestMemmoveAtomicity(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | if race.Enabled { | 
|  | t.Skip("skip under the race detector -- this test is intentionally racy") | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | var x int | 
|  |  | 
|  | for _, backward := range []bool{true, false} { | 
|  | for _, n := range []int{3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 25, 49} { | 
|  | n := n | 
|  |  | 
|  | // test copying [N]*int. | 
|  | sz := uintptr(n * PtrSize) | 
|  | name := fmt.Sprint(sz) | 
|  | if backward { | 
|  | name += "-backward" | 
|  | } else { | 
|  | name += "-forward" | 
|  | } | 
|  | t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | // Use overlapping src and dst to force forward/backward copy. | 
|  | var s [100]*int | 
|  | src := s[n-1 : 2*n-1] | 
|  | dst := s[:n] | 
|  | if backward { | 
|  | src, dst = dst, src | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := range src { | 
|  | src[i] = &x | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := range dst { | 
|  | dst[i] = nil | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | var ready uint32 | 
|  | go func() { | 
|  | sp := unsafe.Pointer(&src[0]) | 
|  | dp := unsafe.Pointer(&dst[0]) | 
|  | atomic.StoreUint32(&ready, 1) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ { | 
|  | Memmove(dp, sp, sz) | 
|  | MemclrNoHeapPointers(dp, sz) | 
|  | } | 
|  | atomic.StoreUint32(&ready, 2) | 
|  | }() | 
|  |  | 
|  | for atomic.LoadUint32(&ready) == 0 { | 
|  | Gosched() | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | for atomic.LoadUint32(&ready) != 2 { | 
|  | for i := range dst { | 
|  | p := dst[i] | 
|  | if p != nil && p != &x { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("got partially updated pointer %p at dst[%d], want either nil or %p", p, i, &x) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func benchmarkSizes(b *testing.B, sizes []int, fn func(b *testing.B, n int)) { | 
|  | for _, n := range sizes { | 
|  | b.Run(fmt.Sprint(n), func(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | b.SetBytes(int64(n)) | 
|  | fn(b, n) | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | var bufSizes = []int{ | 
|  | 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, | 
|  | 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, | 
|  | } | 
|  | var bufSizesOverlap = []int{ | 
|  | 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemmove(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, bufSizes, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n) | 
|  | y := make([]byte, n) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | copy(x, y) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemmoveOverlap(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, bufSizesOverlap, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n+16) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | copy(x[16:n+16], x[:n]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemmoveUnalignedDst(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, bufSizes, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n+1) | 
|  | y := make([]byte, n) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | copy(x[1:], y) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemmoveUnalignedDstOverlap(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, bufSizesOverlap, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n+16) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | copy(x[16:n+16], x[1:n+1]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemmoveUnalignedSrc(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, bufSizes, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n) | 
|  | y := make([]byte, n+1) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | copy(x, y[1:]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemmoveUnalignedSrcOverlap(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, bufSizesOverlap, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n+1) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | copy(x[1:n+1], x[:n]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func TestMemclr(t *testing.T) { | 
|  | size := 512 | 
|  | if testing.Short() { | 
|  | size = 128 + 16 | 
|  | } | 
|  | mem := make([]byte, size) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | mem[i] = 0xee | 
|  | } | 
|  | for n := 0; n < size; n++ { | 
|  | for x := 0; x <= size-n; x++ { // offset in mem | 
|  | MemclrBytes(mem[x : x+n]) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < x; i++ { | 
|  | if mem[i] != 0xee { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("overwrite prefix mem[%d] = %d", i, mem[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := x; i < x+n; i++ { | 
|  | if mem[i] != 0 { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("failed clear mem[%d] = %d", i, mem[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | mem[i] = 0xee | 
|  | } | 
|  | for i := x + n; i < size; i++ { | 
|  | if mem[i] != 0xee { | 
|  | t.Fatalf("overwrite suffix mem[%d] = %d", i, mem[i]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkMemclr(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for _, n := range []int{5, 16, 64, 256, 4096, 65536} { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n) | 
|  | b.Run(fmt.Sprint(n), func(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | b.SetBytes(int64(n)) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | MemclrBytes(x) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  | for _, m := range []int{1, 4, 8, 16, 64} { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, m<<20) | 
|  | b.Run(fmt.Sprint(m, "M"), func(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | b.SetBytes(int64(m << 20)) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | MemclrBytes(x) | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkGoMemclr(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarkSizes(b, []int{5, 16, 64, 256}, func(b *testing.B, n int) { | 
|  | x := make([]byte, n) | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | for j := range x { | 
|  | x[j] = 0 | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat8(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [8 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat12(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [12 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat16(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [16 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat24(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [24 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat32(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [32 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat40(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [40 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat48(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [48 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat56(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [56 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat64(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [64 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat128(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [128 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat256(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [256 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat512(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [512 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkClearFat1024(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | var x [1024 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | _ = x | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat8(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [8 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat12(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [12 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat16(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [16 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat24(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [24 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat32(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [32 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat64(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [64 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat128(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [128 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat256(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [256 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat512(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [512 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat520(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [520 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | func BenchmarkCopyFat1024(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | var x [1024 / 4]uint32 | 
|  | for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { | 
|  | y := x | 
|  | _ = y | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | // BenchmarkIssue18740 ensures that memmove uses 4 and 8 byte load/store to move 4 and 8 bytes. | 
|  | // It used to do 2 2-byte load/stores, which leads to a pipeline stall | 
|  | // when we try to read the result with one 4-byte load. | 
|  | func BenchmarkIssue18740(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | benchmarks := []struct { | 
|  | name  string | 
|  | nbyte int | 
|  | f     func([]byte) uint64 | 
|  | }{ | 
|  | {"2byte", 2, func(buf []byte) uint64 { return uint64(binary.LittleEndian.Uint16(buf)) }}, | 
|  | {"4byte", 4, func(buf []byte) uint64 { return uint64(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(buf)) }}, | 
|  | {"8byte", 8, func(buf []byte) uint64 { return binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(buf) }}, | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | var g [4096]byte | 
|  | for _, bm := range benchmarks { | 
|  | buf := make([]byte, bm.nbyte) | 
|  | b.Run(bm.name, func(b *testing.B) { | 
|  | for j := 0; j < b.N; j++ { | 
|  | for i := 0; i < 4096; i += bm.nbyte { | 
|  | copy(buf[:], g[i:]) | 
|  | sink += bm.f(buf[:]) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | }) | 
|  | } | 
|  | } |