| #### Note: this error code is no longer emitted by the compiler. |
| |
| Return type involving a trait did not require `'static` lifetime. |
| |
| Erroneous code examples: |
| |
| ```compile_fail |
| use std::fmt::Debug; |
| |
| fn foo(x: &i32) -> impl Debug { // error! |
| x |
| } |
| |
| fn bar(x: &i32) -> Box<dyn Debug> { // error! |
| Box::new(x) |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| Add `'static` requirement to fix them: |
| |
| ``` |
| # use std::fmt::Debug; |
| fn foo(x: &'static i32) -> impl Debug + 'static { // ok! |
| x |
| } |
| |
| fn bar(x: &'static i32) -> Box<dyn Debug + 'static> { // ok! |
| Box::new(x) |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| Both [`dyn Trait`] and [`impl Trait`] in return types have an implicit |
| `'static` requirement, meaning that the value implementing them that is being |
| returned has to be either a `'static` borrow or an owned value. |
| |
| In order to change the requirement from `'static` to be a lifetime derived from |
| its arguments, you can add an explicit bound, either to an anonymous lifetime |
| `'_` or some appropriate named lifetime. |
| |
| ``` |
| # use std::fmt::Debug; |
| fn foo(x: &i32) -> impl Debug + '_ { |
| x |
| } |
| fn bar(x: &i32) -> Box<dyn Debug + '_> { |
| Box::new(x) |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| These are equivalent to the following explicit lifetime annotations: |
| |
| ``` |
| # use std::fmt::Debug; |
| fn foo<'a>(x: &'a i32) -> impl Debug + 'a { |
| x |
| } |
| fn bar<'a>(x: &'a i32) -> Box<dyn Debug + 'a> { |
| Box::new(x) |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| [`dyn Trait`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-02-trait-objects.html#using-trait-objects-that-allow-for-values-of-different-types |
| [`impl Trait`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-02-traits.html#returning-types-that-implement-traits |