| The compiler could not infer a type and asked for a type annotation. | |
| Erroneous code example: | |
| ```compile_fail,E0283 | |
| let x = "hello".chars().rev().collect(); | |
| ``` | |
| This error indicates that type inference did not result in one unique possible | |
| type, and extra information is required. In most cases this can be provided | |
| by adding a type annotation. Sometimes you need to specify a generic type | |
| parameter manually. | |
| A common example is the `collect` method on `Iterator`. It has a generic type | |
| parameter with a `FromIterator` bound, which for a `char` iterator is | |
| implemented by `Vec` and `String` among others. Consider the following snippet | |
| that reverses the characters of a string: | |
| In the first code example, the compiler cannot infer what the type of `x` should | |
| be: `Vec<char>` and `String` are both suitable candidates. To specify which type | |
| to use, you can use a type annotation on `x`: | |
| ``` | |
| let x: Vec<char> = "hello".chars().rev().collect(); | |
| ``` | |
| It is not necessary to annotate the full type. Once the ambiguity is resolved, | |
| the compiler can infer the rest: | |
| ``` | |
| let x: Vec<_> = "hello".chars().rev().collect(); | |
| ``` | |
| Another way to provide the compiler with enough information, is to specify the | |
| generic type parameter: | |
| ``` | |
| let x = "hello".chars().rev().collect::<Vec<char>>(); | |
| ``` | |
| Again, you need not specify the full type if the compiler can infer it: | |
| ``` | |
| let x = "hello".chars().rev().collect::<Vec<_>>(); | |
| ``` | |
| We can see a self-contained example below: | |
| ```compile_fail,E0283 | |
| struct Foo; | |
| impl Into<u32> for Foo { | |
| fn into(self) -> u32 { 1 } | |
| } | |
| let foo = Foo; | |
| let bar: u32 = foo.into() * 1u32; | |
| ``` | |
| This error can be solved by adding type annotations that provide the missing | |
| information to the compiler. In this case, the solution is to specify the | |
| trait's type parameter: | |
| ``` | |
| struct Foo; | |
| impl Into<u32> for Foo { | |
| fn into(self) -> u32 { 1 } | |
| } | |
| let foo = Foo; | |
| let bar: u32 = Into::<u32>::into(foo) * 1u32; | |
| ``` |