| The compiler could not infer a type and asked for a type annotation. |
| |
| Erroneous code example: |
| |
| ```compile_fail,E0283 |
| let x = "hello".chars().rev().collect(); |
| ``` |
| |
| This error indicates that type inference did not result in one unique possible |
| type, and extra information is required. In most cases this can be provided |
| by adding a type annotation. Sometimes you need to specify a generic type |
| parameter manually. |
| |
| A common example is the `collect` method on `Iterator`. It has a generic type |
| parameter with a `FromIterator` bound, which for a `char` iterator is |
| implemented by `Vec` and `String` among others. Consider the following snippet |
| that reverses the characters of a string: |
| |
| In the first code example, the compiler cannot infer what the type of `x` should |
| be: `Vec<char>` and `String` are both suitable candidates. To specify which type |
| to use, you can use a type annotation on `x`: |
| |
| ``` |
| let x: Vec<char> = "hello".chars().rev().collect(); |
| ``` |
| |
| It is not necessary to annotate the full type. Once the ambiguity is resolved, |
| the compiler can infer the rest: |
| |
| ``` |
| let x: Vec<_> = "hello".chars().rev().collect(); |
| ``` |
| |
| Another way to provide the compiler with enough information, is to specify the |
| generic type parameter: |
| |
| ``` |
| let x = "hello".chars().rev().collect::<Vec<char>>(); |
| ``` |
| |
| Again, you need not specify the full type if the compiler can infer it: |
| |
| ``` |
| let x = "hello".chars().rev().collect::<Vec<_>>(); |
| ``` |
| |
| We can see a self-contained example below: |
| |
| ```compile_fail,E0283 |
| struct Foo; |
| |
| impl Into<u32> for Foo { |
| fn into(self) -> u32 { 1 } |
| } |
| |
| let foo = Foo; |
| let bar: u32 = foo.into() * 1u32; |
| ``` |
| |
| This error can be solved by adding type annotations that provide the missing |
| information to the compiler. In this case, the solution is to specify the |
| trait's type parameter: |
| |
| ``` |
| struct Foo; |
| |
| impl Into<u32> for Foo { |
| fn into(self) -> u32 { 1 } |
| } |
| |
| let foo = Foo; |
| let bar: u32 = Into::<u32>::into(foo) * 1u32; |
| ``` |