| An auto trait cannot be added to the bounds of a `dyn Trait` type via | |
| a pointer cast. | |
| Erroneous code example: | |
| ```rust,edition2021,compile_fail,E0804 | |
| let ptr: *const dyn core::any::Any = &(); | |
| _ = ptr as *const (dyn core::any::Any + Send); | |
| ``` | |
| Adding an auto trait can make the vtable invalid, potentially causing | |
| UB in safe code afterwards. For example: | |
| ```rust,edition2021,no_run | |
| use core::{mem::transmute, ptr::NonNull}; | |
| trait Trait { | |
| fn f(&self) | |
| where | |
| Self: Send; | |
| } | |
| impl Trait for NonNull<()> { | |
| fn f(&self) { | |
| unreachable!() | |
| } | |
| } | |
| fn main() { | |
| let unsend: &dyn Trait = &NonNull::dangling(); | |
| let bad: &(dyn Trait + Send) = unsafe { transmute(unsend) }; | |
| // This crashes, since the vtable for `NonNull as dyn Trait` does | |
| // not have an entry for `Trait::f`. | |
| bad.f(); | |
| } | |
| ``` | |
| To fix this error, you can use `transmute` rather than pointer casts, | |
| but you must ensure that the vtable is valid for the pointer's type | |
| before calling a method on the trait object or allowing other code to | |
| do so. |