r[attributes.derive]

Derive

r[attributes.derive.intro] The derive [attribute][attributes] invokes one or more derive macros, allowing new items to be automatically generated for data structures. You can create derive macros with procedural macros.

[!EXAMPLE] The [PartialEq][macro@PartialEq] derive macro emits an implementation of [PartialEq] for Foo<T> where T: PartialEq. The [Clone][macro@Clone] derive macro does likewise for [Clone].

#[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
struct Foo<T> {
    a: i32,
    b: T,
}

The generated impl items are equivalent to:

# struct Foo<T> { a: i32, b: T }
impl<T: PartialEq> PartialEq for Foo<T> {
    fn eq(&self, other: &Foo<T>) -> bool {
        self.a == other.a && self.b == other.b
    }
}

impl<T: Clone> Clone for Foo<T> {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Foo { a: self.a.clone(), b: self.b.clone() }
    }
}

r[attributes.derive.syntax] The derive attribute uses the [MetaListPaths] syntax to specify a list of paths to derive macros to invoke.

r[attributes.derive.allowed-positions] The derive attribute may be applied to [structs][items.struct], [enums][items.enum], and [unions][items.union].

r[attributes.derive.duplicates] The derive attribute may be specified multiple times on an item, with all derive macros listed in all attributes being invoked.

r[attributes.derive.stdlib] The derive attribute is exported in the standard library prelude as [core::prelude::v1::derive].

r[attributes.derive.built-in] Built-in derives are defined in the [language prelude][names.preludes.lang]. The list of built-in derives are:

• [Clone]
• [Copy]
• [Debug]
• [Default]
• [Eq]
• [Hash]
• [Ord]
• [PartialEq]
• [PartialOrd]

r[attributes.derive.built-in-automatically_derived] The built-in derives include the [automatically_derived attribute][attributes.derive.automatically_derived] on the implementations they generate.

r[attributes.derive.behavior] During macro expansion, for each element in the list of derives, the corresponding derive macro expands to zero or more items.

r[attributes.derive.automatically_derived]

The automatically_derived attribute

r[attributes.derive.automatically_derived.intro] The automatically_derived [attribute][attributes] is used to annotate an implementation to indicate that it was automatically created by a derive macro. It has no direct effect, but it may be used by tools and diagnostic lints to detect these automatically generated implementations.

[!EXAMPLE] Given [#[derive(Clone)]][macro@Clone] on struct Example, the derive macro may produce:

# struct Example;
#[automatically_derived]
impl ::core::clone::Clone for Example {
    #[inline]
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Example
    }
}

r[attributes.derive.automatically_derived.syntax] The automatically_derived attribute uses the [MetaWord] syntax and so does not accept any arguments.

r[attributes.derive.automatically_derived.allowed-positions] The automatically_derived attribute may be placed on an implementation.

[!NOTE] rustc currently accepts the attribute in other positions but lints against it.

r[attributes.derive.automatically_derived.duplicates] Duplicate instances of the automatically_derived attribute on the same implementation have no effect.

[!NOTE] rustc lints against duplicate use of this attribute on uses following the first.

r[attributes.derive.automatically_derived.behavior] The automatically_derived attribute has no behavior.