src/ch01-01-installation.md - rust-lang/book - Git at Google

 ## Installation

 The first step is to install Rust. We’ll download Rust through `rustup`, a
 command line tool for managing Rust versions and associated tools. You’ll need
 an internet connection for the download.

 > Note: If you prefer not to use `rustup` for some reason, please see the
 > [Other Rust Installation Methods page][otherinstall] for more options.

 The following steps install the latest stable version of the Rust compiler.
 Rust’s stability guarantees ensure that all the examples in the book that
 compile will continue to compile with newer Rust versions. The output might
 differ slightly between versions because Rust often improves error messages and
 warnings. In other words, any newer, stable version of Rust you install using
 these steps should work as expected with the content of this book.

 > ### Command Line Notation
 >
 > In this chapter and throughout the book, we’ll show some commands used in the
 > terminal. Lines that you should enter in a terminal all start with `$`. You
 > don’t need to type the `$` character; it’s the command line prompt shown to
 > indicate the start of each command. Lines that don’t start with `$` typically
 > show the output of the previous command. Additionally, PowerShell-specific
 > examples will use `>` rather than `$`.

 ### Installing `rustup` on Linux or macOS

 If you’re using Linux or macOS, open a terminal and enter the following command:

 ```console
 $ curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
 ```

 The command downloads a script and starts the installation of the `rustup`
 tool, which installs the latest stable version of Rust. You might be prompted
 for your password. If the install is successful, the following line will appear:

 ```text
 Rust is installed now. Great!
 ```

 You will also need a _linker_, which is a program that Rust uses to join its
 compiled outputs into one file. It is likely you already have one. If you get
 linker errors, you should install a C compiler, which will typically include a
 linker. A C compiler is also useful because some common Rust packages depend on
 C code and will need a C compiler.

 On macOS, you can get a C compiler by running:

 ```console
 $ xcode-select --install
 ```

 Linux users should generally install GCC or Clang, according to their
 distribution’s documentation. For example, if you use Ubuntu, you can install
 the `build-essential` package.

 ### Installing `rustup` on Windows

 On Windows, go to [https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install][install] and follow
 the instructions for installing Rust. At some point in the installation, you’ll
 be prompted to install Visual Studio. This provides a linker and the native
 libraries needed to compile programs. If you need more help with this step, see
 [https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/installation/windows-msvc.html][msvc]

 The rest of this book uses commands that work in both _cmd.exe_ and PowerShell.
 If there are specific differences, we’ll explain which to use.

 ### Troubleshooting

 To check whether you have Rust installed correctly, open a shell and enter this
 line:

 ```console
 $ rustc --version
 ```

 You should see the version number, commit hash, and commit date for the latest
 stable version that has been released, in the following format:

 ```text
 rustc x.y.z (abcabcabc yyyy-mm-dd)
 ```

 If you see this information, you have installed Rust successfully! If you don’t
 see this information, check that Rust is in your `%PATH%` system variable as
 follows.

 In Windows CMD, use:

 ```console
 > echo %PATH%
 ```

 In PowerShell, use:

 ```powershell
 > echo $env:Path
 ```

 In Linux and macOS, use:

 ```console
 $ echo $PATH
 ```

 If that’s all correct and Rust still isn’t working, there are a number of
 places you can get help. Find out how to get in touch with other Rustaceans (a
 silly nickname we call ourselves) on [the community page][community].

 ### Updating and Uninstalling

 Once Rust is installed via `rustup`, updating to a newly released version is
 easy. From your shell, run the following update script:

 ```console
 $ rustup update
 ```

 To uninstall Rust and `rustup`, run the following uninstall script from your
 shell:

 ```console
 $ rustup self uninstall
 ```

 ### Local Documentation

 The installation of Rust also includes a local copy of the documentation so
 that you can read it offline. Run `rustup doc` to open the local documentation
 in your browser.

 Any time a type or function is provided by the standard library and you’re not
 sure what it does or how to use it, use the application programming interface
 (API) documentation to find out!

 ### Text Editors and Integrated Development Environments

 This book makes no assumptions about what tools you use to author Rust code.
 Just about any text editor will get the job done! However, many text editors and
 integrated development environments (IDEs) have built-in support for Rust. You
 can always find a fairly current list of many editors and IDEs on [the tools
 page][tools] on the Rust website.

 ### Working Offline with This Book

 In several examples, we will use Rust packages beyond the standard library. To
 work through those examples, you will either need to have an internet connection
 or to have downloaded those dependencies ahead of time. To download the
 dependencies ahead of time, you can run the following commands. (We’ll explain
 what `cargo` is and what each of these commands does in detail later.)

 ```console
 $ cargo new get-dependencies
 $ cd get-dependencies
 $ cargo add rand@0.8.5 trpl@0.2.0
 ```

 This will cache the downloads for these packages so you will not need to
 download them later. Once you have run this command, you do not need to keep the
 `get-dependencies` folder. If you have run this command, you can use the
 `--offline` flag with all `cargo` commands in the rest of the book to use these
 cached versions instead of attempting to use the network.

 [otherinstall]: https://forge.rust-lang.org/infra/other-installation-methods.html
 [install]: https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install
 [msvc]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/installation/windows-msvc.html
 [community]: https://www.rust-lang.org/community
 [tools]: https://www.rust-lang.org/tools
	## Installation

	The first step is to install Rust. We’ll download Rust through `rustup`, a
	command line tool for managing Rust versions and associated tools. You’ll need
	an internet connection for the download.

	> Note: If you prefer not to use `rustup` for some reason, please see the
	> [Other Rust Installation Methods page][otherinstall] for more options.

	The following steps install the latest stable version of the Rust compiler.
	Rust’s stability guarantees ensure that all the examples in the book that
	compile will continue to compile with newer Rust versions. The output might
	differ slightly between versions because Rust often improves error messages and
	warnings. In other words, any newer, stable version of Rust you install using
	these steps should work as expected with the content of this book.

	> ### Command Line Notation
	>
	> In this chapter and throughout the book, we’ll show some commands used in the
	> terminal. Lines that you should enter in a terminal all start with `$`. You
	> don’t need to type the `$` character; it’s the command line prompt shown to
	> indicate the start of each command. Lines that don’t start with `$` typically
	> show the output of the previous command. Additionally, PowerShell-specific
	> examples will use `>` rather than `$`.

	### Installing `rustup` on Linux or macOS

	If you’re using Linux or macOS, open a terminal and enter the following command:

	```console
	$ curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf \| sh
	```

	The command downloads a script and starts the installation of the `rustup`
	tool, which installs the latest stable version of Rust. You might be prompted
	for your password. If the install is successful, the following line will appear:

	```text
	Rust is installed now. Great!
	```

	You will also need a _linker_, which is a program that Rust uses to join its
	compiled outputs into one file. It is likely you already have one. If you get
	linker errors, you should install a C compiler, which will typically include a
	linker. A C compiler is also useful because some common Rust packages depend on
	C code and will need a C compiler.

	On macOS, you can get a C compiler by running:

	```console
	$ xcode-select --install
	```

	Linux users should generally install GCC or Clang, according to their
	distribution’s documentation. For example, if you use Ubuntu, you can install
	the `build-essential` package.

	### Installing `rustup` on Windows

	On Windows, go to [https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install][install] and follow
	the instructions for installing Rust. At some point in the installation, you’ll
	be prompted to install Visual Studio. This provides a linker and the native
	libraries needed to compile programs. If you need more help with this step, see
	[https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/installation/windows-msvc.html][msvc]

	The rest of this book uses commands that work in both _cmd.exe_ and PowerShell.
	If there are specific differences, we’ll explain which to use.

	### Troubleshooting

	To check whether you have Rust installed correctly, open a shell and enter this
	line:

	```console
	$ rustc --version
	```

	You should see the version number, commit hash, and commit date for the latest
	stable version that has been released, in the following format:

	```text
	rustc x.y.z (abcabcabc yyyy-mm-dd)
	```

	If you see this information, you have installed Rust successfully! If you don’t
	see this information, check that Rust is in your `%PATH%` system variable as
	follows.

	In Windows CMD, use:

	```console
	> echo %PATH%
	```

	In PowerShell, use:

	```powershell
	> echo $env:Path
	```

	In Linux and macOS, use:

	```console
	$ echo $PATH
	```

	If that’s all correct and Rust still isn’t working, there are a number of
	places you can get help. Find out how to get in touch with other Rustaceans (a
	silly nickname we call ourselves) on [the community page][community].

	### Updating and Uninstalling

	Once Rust is installed via `rustup`, updating to a newly released version is
	easy. From your shell, run the following update script:

	```console
	$ rustup update
	```

	To uninstall Rust and `rustup`, run the following uninstall script from your
	shell:

	```console
	$ rustup self uninstall
	```

	### Local Documentation

	The installation of Rust also includes a local copy of the documentation so
	that you can read it offline. Run `rustup doc` to open the local documentation
	in your browser.

	Any time a type or function is provided by the standard library and you’re not
	sure what it does or how to use it, use the application programming interface
	(API) documentation to find out!

	### Text Editors and Integrated Development Environments

	This book makes no assumptions about what tools you use to author Rust code.
	Just about any text editor will get the job done! However, many text editors and
	integrated development environments (IDEs) have built-in support for Rust. You
	can always find a fairly current list of many editors and IDEs on [the tools
	page][tools] on the Rust website.

	### Working Offline with This Book

	In several examples, we will use Rust packages beyond the standard library. To
	work through those examples, you will either need to have an internet connection
	or to have downloaded those dependencies ahead of time. To download the
	dependencies ahead of time, you can run the following commands. (We’ll explain
	what `cargo` is and what each of these commands does in detail later.)

	```console
	$ cargo new get-dependencies
	$ cd get-dependencies
	$ cargo add rand@0.8.5 trpl@0.2.0
	```

	This will cache the downloads for these packages so you will not need to
	download them later. Once you have run this command, you do not need to keep the
	`get-dependencies` folder. If you have run this command, you can use the
	`--offline` flag with all `cargo` commands in the rest of the book to use these
	cached versions instead of attempting to use the network.

	[otherinstall]: https://forge.rust-lang.org/infra/other-installation-methods.html
	[install]: https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install
	[msvc]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/installation/windows-msvc.html
	[community]: https://www.rust-lang.org/community
	[tools]: https://www.rust-lang.org/tools